Cardiovascular Disease as a Predictor of Dementia: A Cross-National Ecological Study of 204 Countries.

Background And Aims: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and dementia represent two of the most pressing global health challenges, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). While vascular pathology is increasingly recognized as a contributor to cognitive decline, few studies have systematically explored the global association between CVD and dementia using standardized, population-level data. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between CVD and dementia incidence across 204 countries, stratified by economic status, development level, and geographic region.

Nutritional Status and Feeding Difficulty of Older People Residing in Nursing Homes: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

To investigate the nutritional status and feeding behaviours of nursing home residents and the impact of cognitive impairments and feeding difficulties on nutritional health. A cross-sectional observational design was employed. The study assessed 51 nursing home residents using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF) for nutritional status, the Feeding Difficulty Index (FDI) for mealtime behaviours, and the MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment or The MoCA Test) for cognitive function.

Lower birth rate, greater female dementia risk: global and regional patterns and public health implications.

Aims: This study investigates the relationship between national birth rate and female dementia incidence globally, considering demographic and socioeconomic confounders.

Materials & Methods: Data from 204 countries were analyzed using bivariate correlation, partial correlation, principal component analysis, and multiple linear regression. Female dementia incidence rate (FDIR) was the dependent variable.

Age at First Childbirth and Dementia Risk: A Cross-Sectional Ecological Analysis of Female Prevalence, Sex Disparities, and Public Health Implications.

Background And Aims: Reproductive history, including age at first childbirth, may be associated with female dementia prevalence and sex disparities. This study investigates the relationship between reproductive timing and dementia outcomes, emphasizing socioeconomic and cultural influences, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where disparities in healthcare and education may exacerbate risks.

Methods: Country-level ecological analysis was conducted using data from 204 countries.

Cognitive impairment, physical frailty and depression in older adults from culturally and linguistically diverse community: A cross-sectional study.

Aims: To assess cognitive impairment, frailty, and depression among culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) older adults, and to examine their associations with age, cultural background, education, and health-related factors.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Data were collected from June to September 2023 across two community healthcare organisations in Sydney.

Oral Disease Risk in Australian Schoolchildren: Real-World Findings and Policy Implications.

While socioeconomic factors affect school absenteeism, the role of untreated oral disease remains largely overlooked. Despite declining caries rates in Australia, disparities persist among children and adolescents. This study aimed to identify factors associated with oral disease risk among school-aged children using school-based assessments and caregiver-reported behaviors.

Global patterns linking total meat supply to dementia incidence: A population-based ecological study.

Dementia cases are projected to triple globally by 2050, largely driven by an aging population. While aging remains the primary risk factor, emerging evidence suggests that diet, including total meat supply, may influence dementia risk. This study investigates the relationship between total meat supply (red and white meat) and dementia incidence using data from 204 countries.

Nursing and midwifery workforce expansion as a strategic lever to reduce maternal mortality: Global evidence and policy implications from an ecological study.

Background: This global cross-sectional study analyzed data from 266 "countries" and territories to evaluate the relationship between the nursing and midwifery workforce size (NMWS) and maternal mortality ratios (MMR). Drawing from five major United Nations and World Bank databases, the study offers robust and generalizable insights across diverse health systems and economic settings.

Methods: The study examined the association between the NMWS and MMR using scatterplots, bivariate and partial Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple and stepwise linear regression models.

Exploring the Comparative Impact of Red and White Meat on Cardiovascular Diseases: A Global Cross-Sectional Ecological Study.

Background: The impact of white meat on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is rarely reported, while red meat has been extensively associated with CVDs. This phenomenon is worth exploring, considering that there is no substantial difference in composition between red meat and white meat.

Methods: Country-specific data were extracted from United Nations agencies to analyse and compare the statistical roles of red meat and white meat in contributing to CVD incidence.

Low climate-patterned temperature and cardiovascular disease: Worldwide trends and implications for public health policy.

Background: Short-term cold spells and heat events are commonly considered risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study quantitatively examined the effects of country-specific "climate-patterned temperature" (T), measured as long-term mean temperature, on global CVD incidence.

Methods: Recently published country-specific data on CVD incidence and T were analysed for statistical correlations at the population level using Microsoft Excel and SPSS.

Improving nutritional care in residential aged care facilities (RACFs): A scoping review of nutrition education for nursing staff.

Background: The ageing population is growing rapidly, posing unique challenges in residential aged care facilities, especially regarding malnutrition among residents. Nutrition education for nursing staff is crucial for improving the quality of nutritional care and promoting healthy ageing.

Objective: This scoping review aims to explore the current state of nutrition education interventions for nursing staff in residential aged care facilities and evaluate their effectiveness in enhancing resident care.

Sustaining the General Practice Nursing Workforce in Australia: Demographics, Job Satisfaction, and Professional Development Challenges.

General practice nurses (GPNs) are essential members of multidisciplinary primary care teams. Understanding their demographics, career trajectories, and professional challenges is crucial for workforce sustainability. This study examines the demographic characteristics, professional experiences, and career intentions of GPNs in Australia, focusing on workforce sustainability, job satisfaction, and professional development.

Reevaluating the role of biological aging in dementia: A retrospective cross-sectional global analysis incorporating confounding factors.

Background: Biological aging is a key dementia risk factor, but its precise role is debated. This study explores the impact of life expectancy at birth (LEB) on global dementia incidence rates (DIR).

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using population-level data from the World Bank and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME).

Family size and cardiovascular disease incidence: a population-level association study.

Aim: To investigate the population-level association between family size and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence, focusing on broad patterns rather than causal mechanisms or individual-level effects.

Methods: Population level correlations of family size to CVD incidence were analyzed with scatter plots, simple regression, partial correlation and multivariate regression separately. Aging, economic affluence, obesity and urbanization were incorporated in models as potential confounders.

Birth Rate as a Determinant of Dementia Incidence: A Comprehensive Global Analysis.

Background: The role of parity in predicting dementia risk in women is debated. This study examines how birth rate affects global dementia incidence.

Methods: Country-specific data on birth rate and dementia incidence rate were analyzed using bivariate analysis, partial correlation, and multiple linear regression.

The Protective Role of Ambient Ultraviolet Radiation Against Dementia: An Ecological Analysis of Global Data.

Background And Aims: This study investigates the global impact of ambient ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on dementia incidence, addressing its controversial association with dementia risk. UVR, through both vitamin D-dependent and independent mechanisms, influences physiological processes essential for brain health, such as reducing neuroinflammation, improving sleep regulation, and enhancing neuroplasticity. This study aims to clarify the relationship between UVR and dementia incidence and evaluate its role in public health strategies for dementia prevention.

Colder Climates and Dementia: An Ecological Analysis of Climate-Patterned Temperature's Influence on Neurological Health.

Countries with lower climate-patterned temperatures (Tcp), typically colder, have not been consistently correlated with higher dementia risk in population studies. This study explores Tcp's influence on global and regional dementia rates. Country-specific Tcp data was analyzed alongside dementia incidence using bivariate analysis, partial correlation, and multiple linear regression.

Limited role of biological aging in unhealthy aging: A cross-sectional analysis of global life expectancy and disability data.

Background: Biological aging is known to impact quality of life, but its precise role is debated.

Objective: This study explores how biological aging, measured by life expectancy at birth (e0), affects unhealthy aging as indicated by years lost due to disability (YLD).

Methods: Data from international organizations, including e0, YLD, and confounding factors like income, obesity, and urbanization, were analyzed.

Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure the Perception of Workplace Gender Discrimination for Women in Nursing.

Workplace gender discrimination as perceived by women in nursing, is currently under researched. The aim of this article is to outline the development and validation of a scale designed to measure the perception of workplace gender discrimination for women nurses. The instrument was developed following a three-stage process, consistent with recommendations for scale development.

Ambient ultraviolet radiation as a cardioprotective factor: A global and regional analysis.

Background: Ambient ultraviolet radiation (UVR) has been found to have a greater cardioprotective effect than previously believed. This study aimed to quantitatively measure the role of UVR in protecting against the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in general on a global and regional scale.

Methods: Population-level data on UVR, CVD incidence, aging, economic affluence, CVD genetic background (indexed with the Biological State Index, I), obesity prevalence, and urbanization were collected and analysed.

A greater nurse and midwife density protects against infant mortality globally.

Purpose: As the largest profession within the health care workforce, nurses and midwives play a critical role in the health and wellness of families especially children and infants. This study suggests those countries with higher nurse and midwife densities (NMD) had lower infant mortality rates (IMR).

Design And Methods: With affluence, low birthweight and urbanization incorporated as potential confounders, this ecological study analyzed the correlations between NMD and IMR with scatterplots, Pearson r correlation, partial correlation and multiple linear regression models.

Nursing workforce plays a significant role in reducing COVID-19 deaths worldwide: A cross-sectional analysis of data from 178 countries.

Worldwide, the role of nursing workforce in reducing COVID-19 case fatality ratio (CFR) is analyzed with scatter plots, Pearson's r and nonparametric, partial correlation and multiple linear regression models. The potential confounders, median age, health expenditure, physician density, and urbanization were incorporated for calculating the independent role of nursing workforce in protecting against COVID-19 CFR. The study findings suggested that (1) the nursing workforce inversely and significantly correlates with COVID-19 CFR; (2) this relationship remained independent of the confounding effects of each individual confounder or their combination; (3) Nursing workforce was the only variable identified as a significant contributor for reducing COVID-19 CFR, when it was incorporated into stepwise regression model with health expenditure, median age, physician density, and urbanization for analyzing their individual predicting effects on COVID-19 CFR.

Modern medical services, a double-edged sword manages symptoms, but accumulates genetic background of cardiovascular diseases: A cross populational analysis of 217 countries.

Background And Aims: Through reduced natural selection, measured with Biological State Index ( ), modern medicine enables most people to survive well beyond the reproductive lifespan leading to deleterious gene accumulation in population. This study explored the role of reduced natural selection in increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence worldwide.

Methods: Country-specific estimates of CVD incidence and the index of reduced natural selection were captured for analysis of their correlation.

A cross-sectional study quantifies the independent contribution of nurses and midwives in child health outcomes.

Introduction: As the largest profession within the healthcare industry, nursing and midwifery workforce (NMW) provides comprehensive healthcare to children and their families. This study quantified the independent role of NMW in reducing under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) worldwide.

Design: A retrospective, observational and correlational study to examine the independent role of NMW in protecting against U5MR.