Are There High-Density Deep States in an Atomic-Layer-Deposited Indium-Gallium-Zinc Oxide Thin Film?

It has been well recognized that high-density deep states exist in indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) thin films. Many of the device characteristics of IGZO transistors, such as negative bias illumination stability (NBIS), are understood to be related to these deep states. However, in this work, it was found that the deep-state density () of atomic-layer-deposited (ALD) IGZO transistors can be an ultralow value (<2.

Multimodal Electrocorticogram Active Electrode Array Based on Zinc Oxide-Thin Film Transistors.

Active electrocorticogram (ECoG) electrodes can amplify weak electrophysiological signals and improve anti-interference ability; however, traditional active electrodes are opaque and cannot realize photoelectric collaborative observation. In this study, an active and fully transparent ECoG array based on zinc oxide thin-film transistors (ZnO TFTs) is developed as a local neural signal amplifier for electrophysiological monitoring. The transparency of the proposed ECoG array is up to 85%, which is superior to that of the previously reported active electrode arrays.

Hierarchically Porous SnO Coupled Organic Carbon for CO Electroreduction.

Converting CO into value-added chemicals or fuels by electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CO RR) has aroused great interest, whereas designing highly active and selective electrocatalysts is still a challenge. Herein, a novel kind of electrochemical catalyst composed with SnO and organic carbon (OC), named as SnO /OC, was facilely constructed for CO RR. The obtained SnO /OC exhibits both high faradaic efficiency for formate (∼75 %) and carbon products (∼95 %) as well as excellent stability.

Engineering Active Fe Sites on Nickel-Iron Layered Double Hydroxide through Component Segregation for Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Nickel-iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH) is a promising oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst under alkaline conditions. Much research has been performed to understand the structure-activity relationship of NiFe LDH under OER conditions. However, the specific role of the Fe species remains unclear and under debate.

Pt/Fe co-loaded mesoporous zeolite beta for CO oxidation with high catalytic activity and water resistance.

A series of Pt/Fe co-loaded mesoporous zeolite beta (Pt/Fe-mBeta) catalysts with different Fe contents have been successfully synthesized by an ion exchange and subsequent ethylene glycol reduction method. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, N adsorption-desorption, TEM, SEM, XPS and H-TPR. The optimized sample Pt/Fe(3)-mBeta shows high catalytic activity for CO oxidation under dry conditions, and the complete conversion temperature of CO is as low as 90 °C.

Key Single-Atom Electrocatalysis in Metal-Organic Framework (MOF)-Derived Bifunctional Catalysts.

Metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived materials have attracted increasing interest and show promising catalytic performances in many fields. Intensive efforts have been focused on the structure design and metal-site integration in MOF-derived catalysts. However, the key catalytic processes related with the metal sites in MOF-derived catalysts that dominate the electrocatalytic performance still remain obscure.

Engineering Single-Atom Cobalt Catalysts toward Improved Electrocatalysis.

The development of cost-effective catalysts to replace noble metal is attracting increasing interests in many fields of catalysis and energy, and intensive efforts are focused on the integration of transition-metal sites in carbon as noble-metal-free candidates. Recently, the discovery of single-atom dispersed catalyst (SAC) provides a new frontier in heterogeneous catalysis. However, the electrocatalytic application of SAC is still subject to several theoretical and experimental limitations.

Anion-Regulated Selective Generation of Cobalt Sites in Carbon: Toward Superior Bifunctional Electrocatalysis.

The introduction of active transition metal sites (TMSs) in carbon enables the synthesis of noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for clean energy conversion applications; however, there are often multiple existing forms of TMSs, which are of different natures and catalytic models. Regulating the evolution of distinctive TMSs is highly desirable but remains challenging to date. Anions, as essential elements involved in the synthesis, have been totally neglected previously in the construction of TMSs.

Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Vesicles with Dual Iron-Based Sites for Efficient Oxygen Reduction.

A nitrogen-doped vesicle-like porous carbon with well-integrated dual iron-based catalytic sites was developed through direct pyrolysis of inexpensive and abundant precursors. Benefiting from the mesoporous structures with synchronous construction of Fe-N and Fe/Fe C@NC sites, the optimized catalyst exhibited outstanding performance for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media, even superior to the commercial Pt/C catalyst. Detailed characterizations revealed that Fe/Fe C@NC sites can make major catalytic contributions in basic media, whereas the Fe-N sites were found to play an indispensable role for ORR in acidic media.

Genomic in situ hybridization analysis for identification of introgressed segments in alloplasmic lines from Zea mays x Zea diploperennis.

In this study, the tested four alloplasmic inbred lines, a2-4, a2-5, b1-1 and b2-1 were propagated from the same disease resistant individual in the parthenogenetic progenies of Zea mays L. cv. Lu 9 x Zea diploperennis (DP).