Impact of Donor Type on Outcomes After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Myelofibrosis: A Study on Behalf of the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the EBMT.

Selecting the optimal donor is crucial for optimizing results of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). We analyzed outcomes based on donor type in 2809 myelofibrosis (MF) patients undergoing first allo-HCT between 2015 and 2021 at EBMT centers. Study outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), relapse, non-relapse mortality (NRM), engraftment, and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD).

Sarcopenia Is an Independent Risk Factor for the Decline in Anal Sphincter Function and Increased Levator Laxity in Women.

Introduction: Pelvic floor disorders are prevalent in women. Sarcopenia, or age-related muscle mass loss, may be a contributing factor. We aimed to investigate the association between sarcopenia, as measured by the psoas muscle index (PMI), and pelvic floor and anal sphincter function in women with evacuation disorders.

Allogeneic transplantation for CML blast phase: Learnings over last decade from a single centre in North India.

Chronic myeloid leukemia in the blast phase (BP-CML) remains challenging despite advancements in tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This study retrospectively assessed BP-CML patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) from June 2009 to December 2022. Thirty-three patients were included and the median age was 41 years, with a predominantly male cohort.

Phase II trial of organ preservation program using short-course radiation and FOLFOXIRI for rectal cancer (SHORT-FOX): Two-Year primary outcome analysis.

Background And Purpose: As patients with rectal cancer with clinical complete response (cCR) after neoadjuvant therapy may be safely spared Total Mesorectal Excision (TME), strategies to maximize cCR are needed.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a single-arm phase II study to determine whether dose-escalated short-course radiotherapy (25 Gy/5 fractions + 5 Gy/1 fraction boost) followed by eight cycles of FOLFOXIRI increased cCR rates among adult patients with > T2N0M0 or low T2N0 rectal cancer.

Results: Between 2020 and 2023, we enrolled 37 patients, of whom 27 (73 %) had at least one high-risk feature (cT4, extramural vascular invasion [EMVI], N2, threatened circumferential resection margin, positive lateral node).

AI-ready rectal cancer MR imaging: a workflow for tumor detection and segmentation.

Background: Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging is the preferred modality for staging in rectal cancer; however, despite its exceptional soft tissue contrast, segmenting rectal tumors on MR images remains challenging due to the overlapping appearance of tumor and normal tissues, variability in imaging parameters, and the inherent subjectivity of reader interpretation. For studies requiring accurate segmentation, reviews by multiple independent radiologists remain the gold standard, albeit at a substantial cost. The emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers promising solutions to semi- or fully-automatic segmentation, but the lack of publicly available, high-quality MR imaging datasets for rectal cancer remains a significant barrier to developing robust AI models.

Predictive Value of Magnetic Resonance Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Therapy for Rectal Cancer.

Introduction: Previous research has demonstrated that after neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer, the sensitivity of magnetic resonance complete response (mrCR) for detecting pathologic complete response (pCR) in the surgical specimen ranges from 74 to 94%. Patient and provider interest in nonoperative management of rectal cancer that responds favorably to neoadjuvant therapy has grown, necessitating stronger evidence for how well radiographic complete response truly predicts pCR. We sought to determine the current association between mrCR and pCR in locally advanced rectal cancer.

MRI features that predict progression of residual disease after ablation of extra-abdominal desmoid fibromatosis.

Objective: To identify MRI features of desmoid tumors (DTs) that predict the growth of residual disease following ablation.

Methods: Patients who underwent MRI-guided ablation for DTs between February 2013 and April 2021 were included in this single-center IRB-approved retrospective study. MRI scans assessed three suspicious tissue features: intermediate T2 signal [+iT2], nodular appearance [+NOD], and contrast enhancement [+ENH].

Real World Outcome of High-Risk Multiple Myeloma: An Indian Tertiary Care Centre Experience.

Introduction: High risk myeloma is heterogeneous with significant variation in risk stratifications. Real world outcomes differ from controlled clinical trials and affected by socioeconomical determinants.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study was performed in a North Indian teriarty care cancer hospital.

Parametric response mapping of co-registered intravoxel incoherent motion magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography in locally advanced cervical cancer undergoing concurrent chemoradiation therapy.

Background And Purpose: Intravoxel-incoherent-motion (IVIM) magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) and positron-emission-tomography (PET) have been investigated independently but not voxel-wise to evaluate tumor microenvironment in cervical carcinoma patients. Whether regionally combined information of IVIM and PET offers additional predictive benefit over each modality independently has not been explored. Here, we investigated parametric-response-mapping (PRM) of co-registered PET and IVIM in cervical cancer patients to identify sub-volumes that may predict tumor shrinkage to concurrent-chemoradiation-therapy (CCRT).

Nonoperative Management for Rectal Cancer.

The treatment paradigm for rectal cancer has been shifting toward de-escalated approaches to preserve patient quality of life. Historically, the standard treatment in the United States for locally advanced rectal cancer has standardly comprised preoperative chemoradiotherapy coupled with total mesorectal excision. Recent data challenge this "one-size-fits-all" strategy, supporting the possibility of omitting surgery for certain patients who achieve a clinical complete response to neoadjuvant therapy.

Application of PET/MRI in Gynecologic Malignancies.

The diagnosis, treatment, and management of gynecologic malignancies benefit from both positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and MRI. PET/CT provides important information on the local extent of disease as well as diffuse metastatic involvement. MRI offers soft tissue delineation and loco-regional disease involvement.

MR-guided focused ultrasound therapy of extra-abdominal desmoid tumors: a multicenter retrospective study of 105 patients.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) for the treatment extra-abdominal desmoids.

Methods: A total of 105 patients with desmoid fibromatosis (79 females, 26 males; 35 ± 14 years) were treated with MRgFUS between 2011 and 2021 in three centers. Total and viable tumors were evaluated per patient at last follow-up after treatment.

Anorectal manometry for the diagnosis of pelvic floor disorders in patients with hypermobility spectrum disorders and hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Introduction: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) including impaired rectal evacuation are common in patients with Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder (HSD) or Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (hEDS). The effect of connective tissue pathologies on pelvic floor function in HSD/hEDS remains unclear. We aimed to compare clinical characteristics and anorectal pressure profile in patients with HSD/hEDS to those of age and sex matched controls.

Microenvironmental CXCL12 deletion enhances Flt3-ITD acute myeloid leukemia stem cell response to therapy by reducing p38 MAPK signaling.

Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (Flt3-TKI) have improved outcomes for patients with Flt3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but are limited by resistance and relapse, indicating persistence of leukemia stem cells (LSC). Here utilizing a Flt3-internal tandem duplication (Flt3-ITD) and Tet2-deleted AML genetic mouse model we determined that FLT3-ITD AML LSC were enriched within the primitive ST-HSC population. FLT3-ITD LSC showed increased expression of the CXCL12 receptor CXCR4.

Comparison of outcomes for HLA-matched sibling and haplo-identical donors in Myelodysplastic syndromes: report from the chronic malignancies working party of EBMT.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are the second common indication for an Allo-HCT. We compared the outcomes of 1414 matched sibling (MSD) with 415 haplo-identical donors (HD) transplanted with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) as GVHD prophylaxis between 2014 and 2017. The median age at transplant with MSD was 58 and 61 years for HD.

Rectosigmoid Cancer-Rectal Cancer or Sigmoid Cancer?

Objectives: We aimed to determine the optimal treatment for patients with locally advanced rectosigmoid cancers, and to determine whether this can be guided by distance from anal verge (AV) and/or anatomic landmarks such as the sacral promontory and peritoneal reflection (PR).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with T3-T4 and/or node-positive rectosigmoid cancers who underwent surgery from 2006 to 2018 with available pelvic imaging. We included tumors at 9 to 20 cm from the AV on either staging imaging, or colonoscopy.

Consensus Definitions and Interpretation Templates for Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Defecatory Pelvic Floor Disorders: Proceedings of the Consensus Meeting of the Pelvic Floor Disorders Consortium of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, the Society of Abdominal Radiology, the International Continence Society, the American Urogynecologic Society, the International Urogynecological Association, and the Society of Gynecologic Surgeons.

The Pelvic Floor Disorders Consortium (PFDC) is a multidisciplinary organization of colorectal surgeons, urogynecologists, urologists, gynecologists, gastroenterologists, radiologists, physiotherapists, and other advanced care practitioners. Specialists from these fields are all dedicated to the diagnosis and management of patients with pelvic floor conditions, but they approach, evaluate, and treat such patients with their own unique perspectives given the differences in their respective training. The PFDC was formed to bridge gaps and enable collaboration between these specialties.

Establishment of Patient-Derived Succinate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Models for Predicting Therapeutic Response.

Purpose: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common sarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract, with mutant succinate dehydrogenase () subunits (A-D) comprising less than 7.5% (i.e.