The Perspectives of Young Indigenous People on Chronic Disease Prevention Programs: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies.

This review explores the perspectives of Indigenous young people aged 10 to 24 on programs aimed at preventing chronic diseases, which are prevalent among Indigenous populations and tend to increase with age. This study synthesizes findings from 13 qualitative studies conducted across Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States, involving 441 participants. The analysis identified four key themes.

What influences the implementation of health checks in the prevention and early detection of chronic diseases among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australian primary health care? Findings from an evidence mapping review.

Background: Chronic disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia. A comprehensive health assessment is available as an annual health check (HC) to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples through the Medicare Benefits Schedule in primary health care settings. This review aims to systematically identify contextual and mechanistic factors that contribute to the success or failure of implementing effective HCs in the prevention and early detection of chronic diseases among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australian primary health care (PHC).

The cultural safety of research reports on primary healthcare use by Indigenous Peoples: a systematic review.

Introduction: Community-driven research in primary healthcare (PHC) may reduce the chronic disease burden in Indigenous peoples. This systematic review assessed the cultural safety of reports of research on PHC use by Indigenous peoples from four countries with similar colonial histories.

Methods: Medline, CINAHL and Embase were all systematically searched from 1st January 2002 to 4th April 2023.

Experiences of Indigenous Patients Receiving Dialysis: Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies.

Rationale & Objective: Indigenous People suffer a high burden of kidney disease. Those receiving maintenance dialysis have worse outcomes compared with similarly treated non-Indigenous patients. We characterized the experiences of Indigenous patients receiving dialysis in British-colonized countries to gain insights into which aspects of kidney care may benefit from improvement.

Understanding the implementation of health checks in the prevention and early detection of chronic diseases among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia: a realist review protocol.

Introduction: Chronic disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia. Regular structured, comprehensive health assessments are available to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people as annual health checks funded through the Medicare Benefits Schedule. This realist review aims to identify context-specific enablers and tensions and contribute to developing an evidence framework to guide the implementation of health checks in the prevention and early detection of chronic diseases for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

Acute Rejection, Overall Graft Loss, and Infection-related Deaths After Kidney Transplantation in Indigenous Australians.

Introduction: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples (hereafter respectfully termed Indigenous Australians) experience a 3-fold increased risk of acute rejection after transplantation compared to non-Indigenous Australians. We investigated whether acute rejection explains the association between Indigenous status, infection-related deaths, and all-cause deaths after kidney transplantation, and whether acute rejection mediates the relationship between Indigenous status and overall graft loss.

Methods: This cohort study included all recipients who received their first kidney transplant between 2005 and 2018 in Australia, using data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant registry.

Synthesis of Tetrahydroazepines through Silyl Aza-Prins Cyclization Mediated by Iron(III) Salts.

A new methodology for the synthesis of seven-membered unsaturated azacycles (tetrahydroazepines) was developed. It is based on the powerful aza-Prins cyclization in combination with the Peterson-type elimination reaction. In a single reaction step, a C-N, C-C bond and an endocyclic double bond are formed.

Shortest Enantioselective Total Syntheses of (+)-Isolaurepinnacin and (+)-Neoisoprelaurefucin.

The shortest enantioselective total syntheses of (+)-isolaurepinnacin and (+)-neoisoprelaurefucin have been accomplished. These syntheses were based on a common parallel synthetic strategy using Prins-Peterson cyclization in their core construction. In only one step, a seven-membered ring oxacycle with the correct -stereochemistry ring closure and the Δ position of the endocyclic double bond in (+)-isolaurepinnacin was obtained.

Equity in national policies for Australians with kidney disease.

Objective: To describe how the Australian Government Department of Health policies address equity in the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: We searched the websites of the Australian Government Department of Health, Kidney Health Australia, Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet and the National Rural Health Alliance for policies using the search terms: kidney, renal and chronic.

Results: We included 24 policies that addressed groups of people that experience health inequities: 23 addressed Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, 18 rural/remote communities, 12 low socioeconomic status groups, six culturally and linguistically diverse communities and four addressed gender disparities.

Chronic disease prevention programs offered by Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services in New South Wales, Australia.

Objectives: To identify and describe chronic disease prevention programs offered by Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHSs) in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.

Methods: ACCHSs were identified through the Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council of NSW website. Chronic disease programs were identified from the Facebook page and website of each ACCHS.

Patients' and caregivers' perspectives on access to kidney replacement therapy in rural communities: systematic review of qualitative studies.

Objective: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in rural communities encounter many barriers in accessing equitable care and have worse outcomes compared with patients in urban areas. This study aims to describe the perspectives of patients and caregivers on access to KRT in rural communities to inform strategies to maximise access to quality care, and thereby reduce disadvantage, inequity and improve health outcomes.

Setting: 18 studies (n=593 participants) conducted across eight countries (Australia, Canada, the UK, New Zealand, Ghana, the USA, Tanzania and India).

Making Decisions About Long-Term Institutional Care Placement Among People With Dementia and Their Caregivers: Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies.

Background And Objectives: People with dementia become increasingly dependent on others for care as cognition declines. Decision making about placement of people with dementia into long-term institutional care can be emotionally complex. The objective of this review is to describe experiences and perspectives of people with dementia and their family caregivers in making decisions about institutional care placement.

Iron-Catalyzed Prins-Peterson Reaction for the Direct Synthesis of Δ-2,7-Disubstituted Oxepenes.

A direct iron(III)-catalyzed Prins-Peterson reaction involving α-substituted γ-triphenylsilyl bis-homoallylic alcohols and aldehydes is described. Thus, cis-Δ-2,7-disubstituted oxepenes were synthesized in a diastereoselective reaction using sustainable catalytic conditions (3-5 mol %). This highly productive process is the result of a cascade of three chemical events with the concomitant formation of a C-O bond, a C-C bond, and a Δ endocyclic double bond, through a Prins cyclization followed by a Peterson-type elimination.

Direct Access to 2,3,4,6-Tetrasubstituted Tetrahydro-2H-pyrans via Tandem S2'-Prins Cyclization.

A new, direct, and diastereoselective synthesis of activated 2,3,4,6-tetrasubstituted tetrahydro-2H-pyrans is described. In this reaction, iron(III) catalyzed an S2'-Prins cyclization tandem process leading to the creation of three new stereocenters in one single step. These activated tetrahydro-2H-pyran units are easily derivatizable through CuAAC conjugations in order to generate multifunctionalized complex molecules.