Socioeconomic differences in the cost-effectiveness of a telephone-based intervention for obesity prevention in early childhood.

Objectives: This study investigated the cost-effectiveness of an early childhood obesity prevention intervention providing telephone and short message service (SMS) support to mothers of children aged 2-4 years by socioeconomic position (SEP).

Methods: A model-based SEP-specific economic evaluation of the intervention was conducted. SEP-specific intervention costs and effects at age 5 years were derived from the trial data and applied to a cohort of 4- to 5-year-old Australian children.

Systems thinking with active implementation research (STAIR): Protocol for a school-based randomised control trial for childhood obesity prevention.

Introduction: This paper presents the protocol for the effectiveness-implementation trial: Systems Thinking with Active Implementation Research (STAIR) for childhood obesity prevention. STAIR's objective is to protect primary school children in Victoria, Australia from unhealthy weight and test implementation strategies for sustaining healthy school environments. STAIR is a 3-year cluster-randomised controlled trial with repeat-cross-sectional child-level data collection utilising an effectiveness-implementation type-1 hybrid design.

The impact of community-based childhood obesity prevention interventions in Australia by socio-economic position: An individual participant data meta-analysis.

Introduction: Community-based interventions (CBIs) to prevent childhood obesity show promise in reducing body mass index z-scores (zBMI). Assessing whether this approach produces equitable outcomes across socio-economic sub-groups is typically limited by inadequate sample size. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of CBIs on zBMI and weight-related behaviours by socio-economic position (SEP).

Preferences and willingness to pay for early childhood healthy lifestyle initiative outcomes: A discrete choice experiment.

Background: Understanding stakeholder preferences and values for early childhood initiatives to support healthy diets, physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour is key for effective intervention design and resource allocation. This study aims to estimate the preferences for and value of outcomes from the perspectives of parents/caregivers of Australian children aged from birth to 5 years.

Methods: Discrete choice experiment, 466 parent/caregivers recruited from online platform.

How Is Scale Incorporated Into the Economic Evaluation of Interventions to Prevent Obesity or to Improve Obesity-Related Risk Factors: A Systematic Scoping Review.

Introduction: Obesity prevention interventions commonly need to be implemented at scale, to address what is a significant population-level issue. While systematic reviews on the economic evidence for interventions preventing obesity or reducing obesity-related risk factors exist, to date there has been no empirical focus on the methods used to quantify the impacts of scale on intervention cost-effectiveness. This systematic scoping review aimed to synthesize the methods used to incorporate scale considerations and provide future directions for incorporating scale into economic evaluation of public health interventions.

Including climate change in community-based obesity prevention interventions: a qualitative exploration of the perspectives of Australian funders.

Background: Community-based obesity prevention interventions (CBOPIs) demonstrate promise as effective, cost-effective approaches to prevent obesity. Whilst CBOPI actions often focus on obesity-related outcomes, they may also have positive impacts on climate change. Actions that simultaneously address obesity and climate change are known as double-duty actions.

Outcome measurement instruments used to measure diet-related outcomes in infancy: A scoping review.

Introduction: Supporting positive diet behaviours during infancy is essential to support child health and prevent childhood obesity. How infant diet-related outcomes are measured in trials is crucial to determining intervention effectiveness. This scoping review examined what and how outcome measurement instruments are currently used to measure 13 infant diet-related outcomes from a previously developed core outcome set.

Behavioural components and delivery features of early childhood obesity prevention interventions: intervention coding of studies in the TOPCHILD Collaboration systematic review.

Background: Early childhood obesity prevention interventions that aim to change parent/caregiver practices related to infant (milk) feeding, food provision and parent feeding, movement (including activity, sedentary behaviour) and/or sleep health (i.e. target parental behaviour domains) are diverse and heterogeneously reported.

Umbrella review of systematic reviews to inform the development and translation of community-based childhood obesity prevention interventions.

Community-based interventions (CBIs) can be effective and feasible for the prevention of childhood obesity. The aim of this umbrella review is to determine if systematic reviews report sufficient information to guide replication or adaptation of CBIs to a variety of contexts and aid in further development of childhood obesity prevention CBIs. Six databases were searched for systematic reviews including obesity prevention CBIs involving 0-18 year olds and reporting weight-related outcomes.

Three-year behavioural, health-related quality of life, and body mass index outcomes from the RESPOND randomized trial.

Objectives: Evaluate RESPOND, a community-based systems intervention to prevent childhood obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCD).

Study Design: Cluster randomized trial of building community capacity to use systems science for child obesity and NCD prevention in 10 local government areas in northeast Victoria, Australia. Four-year stepped wedge trial, adapted due to COVID-19 restrictions METHODS: Cluster randomized trial of building community capacity to use systems science for child obesity and NCD prevention in 10 local government areas in northeast Victoria, Australia.

MINISTOP 3.0: Implementation of a mHealth obesity prevention program within Swedish child healthcare - study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Previously, we have reported on the efficacy and real-world effectiveness of a parent-oriented mobile health intervention (MINISTOP 1.0 and 2.0), which have shown improvements in pre-school children's lifestyle behaviours.

The effects of duration of any breastfeeding on body mass index in Australian children: Exploration of health, economic and equity impacts.

Background: Breastfeeding is a protective measure against childhood overweight and obesity. However, many children are not breastfed the recommended duration, with those from disadvantaged backgrounds more likely to cease breastfeeding early.

Objectives: Investigate the association between duration of any breastfeeding and body mass index (BMI) and estimate the health, economic and equity impacts of increasing breastfeeding duration to at least 6 months.

The impacts of an mHealth intervention targeting parents on health service usage and out-of-pocket costs in the first 9 months of life: The Growing healthy app.

Mobile health (mHealth) interventions provide a low-cost, scalable approach to supporting parents with infant feeding advice with the potential to reduce health care visits and associated costs for infant feeding support. This Australian study examined the impact of the Growing healthy (GH) app on health service utilisation and out-of-pocket costs for families in the first 9 months of their infants life. A quasi-experimental study with a comparison group was conducted in 2015-2016 with an mHealth intervention group (GH app, n = 301) and a nonrandomized usual care group (n = 344).

A protocol of a pilot randomised trial (Action-RESPOND) to support rural and regional communities with implementing community-based systems thinking obesity prevention initiatives.

Background: Over a quarter of children aged 2-17 years living in Australia are overweight or obese, with a higher prevalence reported in regional and remote communities. Systems thinking approaches that seek to support communities to generate and implement locally appropriate solutions targeting intertwined environmental, political, sociocultural, and individual determinants of obesity have the potential to ameliorate this. There have however been reported challenges with implementation of such initiatives, which may be strengthened by incorporating implementation science methods.

Collaborating with end-users in evidence synthesis: case studies for prevention in the first 2000 days.

Background: Evidence synthesis is an important tool to inform decision-making in public health policy and practice. Collaborative approaches to evidence synthesis involving researchers and the end-users of their research can enhance the relevance of the evidence for policy and practice and overcome the limitations of traditional evidence synthesis methods. Despite its benefits, collaboration is not consistently integrated into evidence-synthesis methods.

How much is invested in obesity prevention in Australia? An analysis of major research and Federal Government funding, 2013-2022.

Unlabelled: Objective and importance of study: Overweight and obesity are the second leading risk factors for death and non-communicable disease in Australia. This study aimed to examine the Australian Federal Government funding landscape for population-level obesity prevention from 2013 to 2022.

Study Type: A retrospective analysis and narrative synthesis of publicly available data on obesity prevention funding from the Federal Government and major federally funded Australian research organisations.

Supporting the next generation of prevention research leaders to conduct effective research-policy partnerships.

Successful research-policy partnerships rely on shared vision, dedicated investment, and mutual benefits. To ensure the ongoing value of chronic disease prevention research, and support research translation and impact, Australia needs funding, university, and policy systems that incentivise and support emerging leaders to drive effective partnerships.

Model-Based Economic Evaluations of Interventions for Dementia: An Updated Systematic Review and Quality Assessment.

Background: There has been an increase in model-based economic evaluations of interventions for dementia. The most recent systematic review of economic evaluations for dementia highlighted weaknesses in studies, including lack of justification for model assumptions and data inputs.

Objective: This study aimed to update the last published systematic review of model-based economic evaluations of interventions for dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, with a focus on any methodological improvements and quality assessment of the studies.

The range of outcomes and outcome measurement instruments collected in multisectoral community-based obesity prevention interventions in children: A systematic review.

Multicomponent and multisectoral community-based interventions (CBIs) have proven potential in preventing overweight and obesity in children. Synthesizing evidence on the outcomes collected and reported in such CBIs is critical for the evidence of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. This systematic review aimed to identify the range of outcomes and outcome measurement instruments collected and reported in multisectoral and multicomponent CBIs for obesity prevention in children.

Cost-effectiveness of reducing children's sedentary time and increasing physical activity at school: the Transform-Us! intervention.

Background: Improving physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior represent important areas for intervention in childhood in order to reduce the burden of chronic disease related to obesity and physical inactivity in later life. This paper aims to determine the cost-effectiveness of a multi-arm primary school-based intervention to increase physical activity and/or reduce sedentary time in 8-9 year old children (Transform-Us!).

Methods: Modelled cost-utility analysis, using costs and effects from a cluster randomized controlled trial of a 30-month intervention that used pedagogical and environmental strategies to reduce and break up sedentary behaviour (SB-I), promote physical activity (PA-I), or a combined approach (PA + SB-I), compared to current practice.

What Interventions are Cost Effective in Reducing Violence Against Women? A Scoping Review.

Purpose: To systematically summarise the recent literature on the cost and cost effectiveness of interventions implemented to reduce violence against women (VAW) and decision frameworks guiding resource allocation.

Method: A scoping review of scholarly and grey literature on the cost-effectiveness and/or resource allocation for interventions addressing intimate partner violence (IPV), dating violence and non-partner sexual violence perpetrated against women aged 15 years and over. All settings and contexts were eligible, with papers published in English between 2010 and March 2023 included.

Spillover effects of childhood obesity prevention interventions: A systematic review.

Background: Childhood obesity prevention initiatives are complex interventions that aim to improve children's obesity-related behaviors and provide health promoting environments. These interventions often impact individuals, communities, and outcomes not primarily targeted by the intervention or policy. To accurately capture the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of childhood obesity prevention interventions, an understanding of the broader impacts (or spillover effects) is required.

A systematic review of economic evidence for community-based obesity prevention interventions in children.

Multicomponent community-based obesity prevention interventions that engage multiple sectors have shown promise in preventing obesity in childhood; however, economic evaluations of such interventions are limited. This systematic review explores the methods used and summarizes current evidence of costs and cost-effectiveness of complex obesity prevention interventions. A systematic search was conducted using 12 academic databases and grey literature from 2006 to April 2022.

Longitudinal relationships between sub-clinical depression, sub-clinical eating disorders and health-related quality of life in early adolescence.

Objective: A comprehensive understanding of the relationship between depressive symptoms and eating disorder (ED) symptoms requires consideration of additional variables that may influence this relationship. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has been associated with both depression and EDs; however, there is limited evidence to demonstrate how all three variables interact over time. This study sought to explore the bi-directional relationships between depressive symptoms, ED symptoms and HRQOL in a large community sample of young adolescents METHOD: Adolescents (N = 1393) aged between 11 and 14 years (M = 12.