Publications by authors named "Valerie D Callender"

Background: Truncal acne is underdiagnosed and undertreated, and it can lead to scarring and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. However, applying topical treatments to larger skin surface areas introduces additional safety/tolerability concerns. Clindamycin phosphate 1.

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Cutaneous hyperpigmentation, including melasma, solar lentigines, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), results in a significant impact on patients’ quality of life. Unfortunately, many currently available over-the-counter (OTC) options have been limited by efficacy, safety, and tolerability concerns. Additionally, limited patient awareness and education on disease manifestation and root causes of hyperpigmentation often leave patients undiagnosed and untreated.

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Importance: Race and ethnicity as population descriptors in research and clinical practice have often been a subject of debate, drawing heightened scrutiny in recent years. Criticism focuses on their oversimplification and misapplication, which fail to capture the complexity of human health and genetic diversity. There is growing recognition that these categories, rooted in outdated social constructs, do not accurately reflect biological differences.

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  • Small studies suggest that low-dose oral minoxidil (LDOM) might be effective and safe for hair loss, but more extensive research and guidelines are needed.* -
  • An expert consensus statement was developed involving 43 dermatologists to standardize LDOM prescribing practices, covering various aspects like indications, dosing, and monitoring.* -
  • The consensus reached includes 76 relevant points, but topics related to pediatric use and titration protocols need further investigation, highlighting gaps in research for younger patients.*
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Background: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a naturally produced, lipid-soluble molecule crucial for cellular energy production and antioxidant activity. It diminishes with age and under external stress factors in skin, leading to signs of aging. Beyond its role in cellular energy production within the mitochondria, CoQ10 is vital to skin's defense against oxidative stress, a key contributor to premature aging.

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Background: Jowling is a common aesthetic complaint in aging individuals.

Objective: Injectable filler placed at the lateral jawline will improve the appearance of jowls, as defined by the Merz Aesthetic Jawline Grading Scale (MAJGS). This improvement will be independent of concomitant injection of filler into the lateral cheek.

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  • A study reviewing sunscreen-related publications found that only 5.3% of the 5,927 articles specifically addressed skin of color (SOC) despite the growing awareness of this issue since 2007.
  • The majority of SOC articles focus on sunscreen knowledge and patient behaviors (29%), with only a small fraction (5%) reporting clinical trials; common conditions discussed include melasma and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
  • Although articles on SOC increased in 2022, the overall gap in research highlights the need for more evidence to support discussions on sunscreen use among darker skin types in clinical settings.
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  • The study analyzes the effectiveness and safety of a new acne treatment gel (CAB) that combines clindamycin, adapalene, and benzoyl peroxide, focusing on both pediatric (<18 years) and adult populations.
  • In a phase 3 trial involving participants aged 9 and older, CAB was found to significantly improve acne symptoms more than the vehicle gel after 12 weeks of treatment, with success rates of 52.7% in pediatric and 45.9% in adult participants.
  • The results indicated that CAB led to greater reductions in both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne lesions and improved quality of life while demonstrating acceptable safety and tolerability across all age groups.
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  • * In a 12-week double-blind study involving over 360 participants aged 9 and older, CAB led to a 50% success rate in achieving clear skin, significantly outperforming a placebo gel, with over 70% reduction in both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne lesions.
  • * The treatment showed a good safety profile, with only mild to moderate side effects and a low discontinuation rate due to adverse events, indicating CAB could be a promising option for those suffering from moderate
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Objective: There are clinical differences in healthy skin requirements and skin-aging features by race and ethnicity. However, individuals of color are underrepresented in dermatology-related medical information. We sought to gather information from women of color regarding their attitudes about the importance of the prevention of skin aging, available information, and perception of representation in skin-aging prevention information.

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  • Skin color classification plays a key role in skin health, assessing diseases, and tailoring treatment, especially in clinical research.
  • A review by dermatologists identified 17 different skin classification systems in use, with the Fitzpatrick scale being the most popular yet flawed.
  • Current classification tools have significant limitations and validation issues, highlighting the need for consensus-based efforts to create better, standardized systems.
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  • Topical acne trials face challenges from high responses to placebo treatments and varied outcome measures, complicating treatment comparisons; number needed to treat (NNT) offers a straightforward way to evaluate effectiveness indirectly.
  • Among 13 acne treatments analyzed, the effectiveness varied significantly, with a triple-combination gel showing the highest treatment success rates, leading to favorable NNTs of 4 and 5.
  • The study concludes that using consistent outcome measures and similar patient demographics highlights triple-combination gel and adapalene/BPO gel as the most effective options based on NNT results.
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Dyschromia is the result of irregular facial pigmentation. These cutaneous manifestations can have a significant impact on the quality of life of those affected, especially among females and skin of color. In this randomized, double-blinded, two-cell, single-center, 16-week clinical study, all subjects had moderate to severe (scores 4-9 on the modified Griffiths Scale) hyperpigmentation and skin unevenness of the face such that approximately 20% of subjects had post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), 40% had overall mottled hyperpigmentation, and 40% had superficial melasma (Superficial Melasma was determined by Wood's Lamp Assessment).

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Background: Psoriasis affects diverse racial and ethnic groups. In July 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration approved calcipotriene/betamethasone dipropionate (CAL/BDP) 0.005%/0.

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Identification of specific patterns, shades, and intensity of erythema in the skin has always been critical and fundamental to diagnostic accuracy in dermatology. Erythema is often less noticeable in darker skin types. The interplay of inflammation and variance of skin tone contributes to appreciable differences in the clinical appearance of cutaneous disease in darker complexions.

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Background: The United States is becoming increasingly diverse, and between 2016 and 2019, an increase of 945 832 aesthetic procedures was recorded for Hispanic, African American, and Asian American patients combined. In aesthetics, where outcomes are technique dependent and tied to the clinician's ability to tailor treatment to the needs of individual patients, a knowledge of ethnic differences in anatomy and how aesthetic issues can be safely and effectively addressed in different groups is paramount.

Aims: To discuss similarities and difference in anatomy and treatment preferences of patients from a variety of ethnic and racial backgrounds and how these differences may influence the products or techniques utilized to achieve natural-looking results and minimize side effects.

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Acne is a common cause for post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), particularly in patients with skin of color (SOC), and PIH is often more distressing to patients than the acne itself. Topical retinoids are approved for the treatment of acne and for pigmentation disorders such as melasma or mottled hyperpigmentation associated with photodamage; moreover, they have been shown to reduce hyperpigmentation in patients with SOC. Therefore, treatment with topical retinoids should be started as early as possible unless contraindicated.

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