Brain macrophages and pial fibroblasts promote inflammation in a hypomyelination model.

Many neurological diseases remain difficult to treat, necessitating further elucidation of their pathogenesis. Conditional inactivation of Pdgfra in Nestin-expressing cells leads to the depletion of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRα) oligodendroglial lineage cells responsible for myelination, resulting in forebrain hypomyelination and severe, progressive neurological deficits in neonatal mice. The present study examined the cerebral cortex of these mice to better understand the mechanisms underlying such progressive neurological deficits, that are often observed in refractory neurological diseases.

VBayesMM: variational Bayesian neural network to prioritize important relationships of high-dimensional microbiome multiomics data.

The analysis of high-dimensional microbiome multiomics datasets is crucial for understanding the complex interactions between microbial communities and host physiological states across health and disease conditions. Despite their importance, current methods, such as the microbe-metabolite vectors approach, often face challenges in predicting metabolite abundances from microbial data and identifying keystone species. This arises from the vast dimensionality of metagenomics data, which complicates the inference of significant relationships, particularly the estimation of co-occurrence probabilities between microbes and metabolites.

I-SVVS: integrative stochastic variational variable selection to explore joint patterns of multi-omics microbiome data.

High-dimensional multi-omics microbiome data play an important role in elucidating microbial community interactions with their hosts and environment in critical diseases and ecological changes. Although Bayesian clustering methods have recently been used for the integrated analysis of multi-omics data, no method designed to analyze multi-omics microbiome data has been proposed. In this study, we propose a novel framework called integrative stochastic variational variable selection (I-SVVS), which is an extension of stochastic variational variable selection for high-dimensional microbiome data.

Infrared Imaging Using Thermally Stable HgTe/CdS Nanocrystals.

Transferring nanocrystals (NCs) from the laboratory environment toward practical applications has raised new challenges. HgTe appears as the most spectrally tunable infrared colloidal platform. Its low-temperature synthesis reduces the growth energy cost yet also favors sintering.

oFVSD: a Python package of optimized forward variable selection decoder for high-dimensional neuroimaging data.

The complexity and high dimensionality of neuroimaging data pose problems for decoding information with machine learning (ML) models because the number of features is often much larger than the number of observations. Feature selection is one of the crucial steps for determining meaningful target features in decoding; however, optimizing the feature selection from such high-dimensional neuroimaging data has been challenging using conventional ML models. Here, we introduce an efficient and high-performance decoding package incorporating a forward variable selection (FVS) algorithm and hyper-parameter optimization that automatically identifies the best feature pairs for both classification and regression models, where a total of 18 ML models are implemented by default.

Multiresonant Grating to Replace Transparent Conductive Oxide Electrode for Bias Selected Filtering of Infrared Photoresponse.

Optoelectronic devices rely on conductive layers as electrodes, but they usually introduce optical losses that are detrimental to the device performances. While the use of transparent conductive oxides is established in the visible region, these materials show high losses at longer wavelengths. Here, we demonstrate a photodiode based on a metallic grating acting as an electrode.

New Guaiane-Type Sesquiterpene and Norsesquiterpene from Alisma plantago-aquatica and Their Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity.

A new sesquiterpene (1) and a new norsesquiterpene (2) belonging guaiane-type skeleton together with six known compounds (3-8) were isolated from the rhizomes of Alisma plantago-aquatica. Their structures were determined by HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic methods. Absolute configurations of new compounds were established by experimental and TD-DFT computational ECD spectra.

Inside a nanocrystal-based photodiode using photoemission microscopy.

As nanocrystal-based devices gain maturity, a comprehensive understanding of their electronic structure is necessary for further optimization. Most spectroscopic techniques typically examine pristine materials and disregard the coupling of the active material to its actual environment, the influence of an applied electric field, and possible illumination effects. Therefore, it is critical to develop tools that can probe device and .

Using the WHO Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) to Detect Symptoms of Common Mental Disorders among Pregnant Women in Vietnam: a Validation Study.

Purpose: Detection of antenatal common mental disorders in low-resource settings like Vietnam is important and requires a reliable, valid and practical screening tool. Currently, there is no such tool validated for use among pregnant women in Vietnam. This study aims to assess the validity of the Vietnamese version of the 20-item Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) by evaluating its reliability, factorial structure, and performance in detecting common mental disorder (CMD) symptoms, thereby identifying the optimum cut-off score for CMD screening among pregnant women in Vietnam.

Mid-wave infrared sensitized InGaAs using intraband transition in doped colloidal II-VI nanocrystals.

Narrow bandgap nanocrystals (NCs) are now used as infrared light absorbers, making them competitors to epitaxially grown semiconductors. However, these two types of materials could benefit from one another. While bulk materials are more effective in transporting carriers and give a high degree of doping tunability, NCs offer a larger spectral tunability without lattice-matching constraints.

Mapping the Energy Landscape from a Nanocrystal-Based Field Effect Transistor under Operation Using Nanobeam Photoemission Spectroscopy.

As the field of nanocrystal-based optoelectronics matures, more advanced techniques must be developed in order to reveal the electronic structure of nanocrystals, particularly with device-relevant conditions. So far, most of the efforts have been focused on optical spectroscopy, and electrochemistry where an absolute energy reference is required. Device optimization requires probing not only the pristine material but also the material in its actual environment (i.

Stochastic variational variable selection for high-dimensional microbiome data.

Background: The rapid and accurate identification of a minimal-size core set of representative microbial species plays an important role in the clustering of microbial community data and interpretation of clustering results. However, the huge dimensionality of microbial metagenomics datasets is a major challenge for the existing methods such as Dirichlet multinomial mixture (DMM) models. In the approach of the existing methods, the computational burden of identifying a small number of representative species from a large number of observed species remains a challenge.

Helmholtz Resonator Applied to Nanocrystal-Based Infrared Sensing.

While the integration of nanocrystals as an active medium for optoelectronic devices progresses, light management strategies are becoming required. Over recent years, several photonic structures (plasmons, cavities, mirrors, etc.) have been coupled to nanocrystal films to shape the absorption spectrum, tune the directionality, and so on.

Vanishing Confinement Regime in Terahertz HgTe Nanocrystals Studied under Extreme Conditions of Temperature and Pressure.

While HgTe nanocrystals (NCs) in the mid-infrared region have reached a high level of maturity, their far-infrared counterparts remain far less studied, raising the need for an in-depth investigation of the material before efficient device integration can be considered. Here, we explore the effect of temperature and pressure on the structural, spectroscopic, and transport properties of HgTe NCs displaying an intraband absorption at 10 THz. The temperature leads to a very weak modulation of the spectrum as opposed to what was observed for strongly confined HgTe NCs.

Binder Selection to Modify Hydrocarbon Cracking Properties of Zeolite-Containing Composites.

Activity, selectivity, and deactivation behavior of catalyst materials determine their efficiency in hydrocarbon conversion processes. For hydrocarbon cracking, the industrial catalyst is an important parameter in reaction technology to produce valuable compounds, , light olefins (C-C) and gasoline from crude oil fractions with high molecular weight (C). One strategy to enhance the catalytic activity for precracking is increasing the matrix activity, which depends on the used binder and additives.

Child mental health literacy among Vietnamese and Cambodian mothers.

Background: Parents' perceptions of their children's mental health - including recognition of specific mental health problems as such, and their beliefs about the causes and treatments for the problems - have an important impact on child mental health.

Aims: This study investigated child mental health literacy among Cambodian and Vietnamese mothers.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 357 mothers in Hanoi, Vietnam, and Pnom Penh and Kampong Speu, Cambodia.

The complex optical index of PbS nanocrystal thin films and their use for short wave infrared sensor design.

As nanocrystals (NCs) gain maturity, they become central building blocks for optoelectronics in devices such as solar cells and, more recently, infrared focal plane arrays. Now that the proof of concept of these devices has been established, their optimization requires a deeper understanding of their electronic and optical features to engineer their optoelectronic properties accurately. Though PbS NCs have been extensively investigated, the complex optical index of PbS NC thin films remains mostly unknown.

Comparison between Three Techniques for Determining Glomerular Filtration Rates: Tc-Diethylene Triamine Penta-Acetic Acid Renography, Double Plasma Sampling Method, and Single Plasma Sampling Method in Vietnamese Patients.

Unlabelled: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is an important indicator of renal function. Many methods have been developed to determine GFR in clinical examinations. This study aims to correlate between radionuclide plasma sampling methods (single and double blood samples, methods) and Gate's method using Tc-diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (Tc-DTPA) renography.

Bias Tunable Spectral Response of Nanocrystal Array in a Plasmonic Cavity.

Nanocrystals (NCs) have gained considerable attention for their broadly tunable absorption from the UV to the THz range. Nevertheless, their optical features suffer from a lack of tunability once integrated into optoelectronic devices. Here, we show that bias tunable aspectral response is obtained by coupling a HgTe NC array with a plasmonic resonator.

Correlating Structure and Detection Properties in HgTe Nanocrystal Films.

HgTe nanocrystals (NCs) enable broadly tunable infrared absorption, now commonly used to design light sensors. This material tends to grow under multipodic shapes and does not present well-defined size distributions. Such point generates traps and reduces the particle packing, leading to a reduced mobility.

Outcomes of bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation combined with interventional education for autism spectrum disorder.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation combined with educational intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder. An open-label clinical trial was performed from July 2017 to August 2019 at Vinmec International Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam. Thirty children who fulfilled the autism criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, and had Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) scores >37 were selected.

Outcomes of Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell Transplantation for Neurological Sequelae Due to Intracranial Hemorrhage Incidence in the Neonatal Period: Report of Four Cases.

The aim of this study was to present primary outcomes of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMNC) transplantation to improve neurological sequelae in four children with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) incidence during the neonatal period. GMFM88 and modified Ashworth score were used to assess motor function and muscle spasticity before BMMNC transplantation and after transplantation. Brain MRI was performed to evaluate brain morphology before and after BMMNC transplantation.

Stochastic Variational Inference for Bayesian Phylogenetics: A Case of CAT Model.

The pattern of molecular evolution varies among gene sites and genes in a genome. By taking into account the complex heterogeneity of evolutionary processes among sites in a genome, Bayesian infinite mixture models of genomic evolution enable robust phylogenetic inference. With large modern data sets, however, the computational burden of Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling techniques becomes prohibitive.

Programmed Site-Selective Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation of Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene.

Mono-, di-, tri-, and tetraarylated thieno[3,2-b]thiophenes were synthesized by direct site-selective Pd-catalyzed C-H activation reactions with various aryl bromides in the presence of a phosphine-free Pd(OAc) /KOAc catalyst system in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc). The arylation of 2-arylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene took place at the C3 position if the 2-aryl substituents possessed electron-withdrawing groups and at the C5 position if they were bulky and possessed electron-donating groups.