Intraventricular continuous BDNF administration ameliorates neuroinflammation and enhances neurogenesis against rodent intracerebral hemorrhage model.

Objective: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a pivotal growth factor for neuronal survival; however, its precise role following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains poorly understood. This study sought to investigate whether intraventricular administration of BDNF could enhance neurogenesis and ameliorate neuroinflammation, resulting in improvement of neurological outcomes in a rat ICH model.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were utilized to create an acute ICH model by collagenase infusion into the internal capsule.

Supplementation with Live and Heat-Treated NB23 Enhances Endurance and Attenuates Exercise-Induced Fatigue in Mice.

: Exercise-induced fatigue arises primarily from energy substrate depletion and the accumulation of metabolites such as lactate and ammonia, which impair performance and delay recovery. Emerging evidence implicates gut microbiota modulation-particularly via probiotics-as a means to optimize host energy metabolism and accelerate clearance of fatigue-associated by-products. : This study aimed to determine whether live or heat-inactivated NB23 can enhance exercise endurance and attenuate fatigue biomarkers in a murine model.

Enhancing Patient Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer Radiotherapy: Integration of Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes and Artificial Intelligence-Driven Oncology Care Using Large Language Models.

Background: Electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) enable real-time symptom monitoring and early intervention in oncology. Large language models (LLMs), when combined with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), offer scalable Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven education tailored to individual patient needs. However, few studies have examined the feasibility and clinical impact of integrating ePRO with LLM-RAG feedback during radiotherapy in high-toxicity settings such as head and neck cancer.

Tract integrity predicts neurological outcomes in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Objective: Early prognostication in infants with neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is crucial for follow-up management. Alternations of microstructural integrity of neural fiber tracts in large-scale neural networks might predict neurological outcomes.

Methods: All consecutively-admitted patients with neonatal HIE from 2016 to 2020 were enrolled.

Strict Area Law Entanglement versus Chirality.

Chirality is a property of a gapped phase of matter in two spatial dimensions that can be manifested through nonzero thermal or electrical Hall conductance. In this Letter, we prove two no-go theorems that forbid such chirality for a quantum state in a finite dimensional local Hilbert space with strict area law entanglement entropies. We also show that the finite dimensional local Hilbert space condition can be relaxed to the condition that the state has finite local entanglement entropies.

Key Insights and Implementation of a Patient-Centered Education Video For Managing Acute Radiation Dermatitis in Breast Cancer: A Single-Center Pilot Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop an educational tool to improve breast cancer patients' understanding of radiation therapy (RT) and analyze its usage.

Methods And Materials: A single-arm trial was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Taiwan with newly diagnosed breast cancer patients scheduled for RT. Patients viewed a 4-minute educational video explaining RT mechanisms, self-care for irradiated skin, treatment precautions, and radiation dermatitis toxicity grading.

Precision Assessment of Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis: A Case Report on Integrating Clinical Course, Immunophenotyping, and Comprehensive Symptomatology in a Pediatric Patient With Adjunctive Hydrogen Therapy.

Background/aim: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, though rare, is the most common form of autoimmune encephalitis, predominantly affecting young individuals, particularly females. Standard treatments include corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), and plasmapheresis, with rituximab recommended for those unresponsive to first-line therapies. However, reliable biomarkers for clinical assessment remain elusive.

Intraoperative radiotherapy versus whole breast radiotherapy in early-stage breast cancer: a retrospective outcome analysis based on ASTRO guidelines on PBI.

Background: Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) is a convenient treatment techniques for patients with early-stage breast cancer. We aimed to compare the outcome of IORT to that of whole-breast external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in highly selected breast cancer patients based on the 2023 American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) Clinical Practice Guideline for Partial Breast Irradiation (PBI).

Patients And Methods: We reviewed patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and received either IORT or EBRT for early-stage breast cancer between 2014 and 2019.

Association between high-density lipoprotein and functional outcome of ischemic stroke patients in a Taiwanese population.

Despite recent findings indicating a paradoxical association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, the impact of HDL-C on subsequent outcomes after ischemic stroke remains unclear. The study aims to investigate the relationships between HDL-C levels and post-stroke functional outcomes while examining the potential modifying influence of HDL-C-related single nucleotide polymorphisms identified through genome-wide association studies. This cohort study included 1,310 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), all of whom had their admission serum lipid profile and genotyping information.

The Quantitative Evaluation of Automatic Segmentation in Lumbar Magnetic Resonance Images.

Objective: This study aims to overcome challenges in lumbar spine imaging, particularly lumbar spinal stenosis, by developing an automated segmentation model using advanced techniques. Traditional manual measurement and lesion detection methods are limited by subjectivity and inefficiency. The objective is to create an accurate and automated segmentation model that identifies anatomical structures in lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging scans.

Machine learning-based longitudinal prediction for GJB2-related sensorineural hearing loss.

Background: Recessive GJB2 variants, the most common genetic cause of hearing loss, may contribute to progressive sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). The aim of this study is to build a realistic predictive model for GJB2-related SNHL using machine learning to enable personalized medical planning for timely intervention.

Method: Patients with SNHL with confirmed biallelic GJB2 variants in a nationwide cohort between 2005 and 2022 were included.

Conformal Field Theory Ground States as Critical Points of an Entropy Function.

We derive an entropy formula satisfied by the ground states of 1+1D conformal field theories. The formula implies that the ground state is the critical point of an entropy function. We conjecture that this formula may serve as an information-theoretic criterion for conformal field theories, which differs from the conventional algebraic definition.

Universal Lower Bound on Topological Entanglement Entropy.

Entanglement entropies of two-dimensional gapped ground states are expected to satisfy an area law, with a constant correction term known as the topological entanglement entropy (TEE). In many models, the TEE takes a universal value that characterizes the underlying topological phase. However, the TEE is not truly universal: it can differ even for two states related by constant-depth circuits, which are necessarily in the same phase.

fermentation enhances the inhibitory effects of supplementation on tumorigenic serotonin and Wnt pathways and promotes ROS-mediated apoptosis of Caco-2 cells.

Diet-induced obesity has been shown to decrease the abundance of , a genus known to play a role in the serotonin signaling system, which is associated with colorectal tumorigenesis, making the presence of potentially influential in the protection of intestinal tumorigenesis. Recently, (AC), a medicinal fungus native to Taiwan, has emerged as a promising candidate for complementary and alternative cancer therapy. Small molecules and polysaccharides derived from AC have been reported to possess health-promoting effects, including anti-cancer properties.

Using Treg, Tr1, and Breg Expression Levels to Predict Clinical Responses to csDMARD Treatment in Drug-naive Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Background/aim: Regulatory T cells (Treg) play a crucial role in maintaining immune tolerance and preventing autoimmune diseases. Recent data also indicate that type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) and regulatory B (Breg) cells play an inhibitory (i.e.

Predicting the clinical efficacy of JAK inhibitor treatment for patients with rheumatoid arthritis based on Fas+ T cell subsets.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease. Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) have been approved for the treatment of RA; however, the impact of JAKi on immune cells remains inconclusive. This study investigated the response of immune cells to JAKi treatment to identify biomarkers by which to evaluate and predict clinical outcomes.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor contributes to neurogenesis after intracerebral hemorrhage: a rodent model and human study.

Background And Purpose: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) enhances neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ); however, the mechanism is not fully understood. We investigated the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in post-ICH neurogenesis in a rodent model and in patients with ICH using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Methods: A rat model of ICH was constructed via stereotaxic injection of collagenase into the left striatum.

Tumor necrosis factor-α knockout mitigates intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis in obese Apc mice.

Strong evidence from observational studies shows that having body fatness is associated with an individual's risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), but the causality between obesity and CRC remains inadequately elucidated. Our previous studies have shown diet-induced obesity is associated with elevated TNF-α and enhanced activation of Wnt-signaling, yet the causal role of TNF-α on intestinal tumorigenesis has not been precisely studied. The present study aims to examine the functionality of TNF-α in the development of CRC associated with obesity.

Data on lung and intestinal microbiome after air pollution exposure in ageing rats.

Air pollution has been linked to respiratory diseases, and urban air pollution can be attributed to a number of emission sources. The emitted particles and gases are the primary components of air pollution that enter the lungs during respiration. Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤ 2.

Effects of antibiotics and metals on lung and intestinal microbiome dysbiosis after sub-chronic lower-level exposure of air pollution in ageing rats.

We investigated the effects of antibiotics, drugs, and metals on lung and intestinal microbiomes after sub-chronic exposure of low-level air pollution in ageing rats. Male 1.5-year-old Fischer 344 ageing rats were exposed to low-level traffic-related air pollution via whole-body exposure system for 3 months with/without high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration (gaseous vs.

Tumor Volume Reduction Rate to Induction Chemotherapy is a Prognostic Factor for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Aim of this retrospective cohort study is to evaluate the prognostic value of tumor volume reduction rate status post-induction chemotherapy in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Patients newly diagnosed from year 2007 to 2016 at a single center were included in this retrospective study. All patients had received induction Taxotere, Platinum, Fluorouracil followed by daily definitive intensity-modulated radiotherapy for 70 Gy in 35 fractions concurrent with or without cisplatin-based chemotherapy.