You and Me to We: Using Reflexivity to Foster an Agency-University Partnership for Participatory Action Research.

Reflexivity can be an important tool for building relationships for participatory research. The purpose of this article was to explore key indicators of a developing participatory action research partnership between an occupational therapy education program and a developmental disability agency. Agency staff leaders and occupational therapy faculty participated in a contextual and interpersonal reflexivity process during participatory action research.

Impact of vaccination on the ecology of Escherichia coli in commercial Turkey production.

Escherichia coli is a bacterium ubiquitous to the healthy intestinal microflora in animals. Some E. coli can cause disease in poultry, but disease manifestation is a result of the balance between stress level in the bird and the virulence potential of E.

The Evolving Landscape of in Turkeys: A Review.

(ORT) is a Gram-negative, pleomorphic rod-shaped bacterium that causes respiratory disease in the commercial poultry industry. This bacterium has been causing severe disease in chickens and turkeys since it emerged in the 1980s. In birds, increased mortality, reduced egg production, and loss in weight gain gives ORT the potential to have severe economic implications.

Neurological Presentation Associated with Meningoencephalitis Caused by Subsp. in Turkey Poults.

The current case report describes two outbreaks of central nervous system signs associated with subsp. causing encephalitis and meningitis in poults in the U.S.

The Emergence of as a Pathogen in Turkeys.

, formerly known as , is a Gram-positive coccus bacterium that is a facultative anaerobe. Although it was previously considered a commensal bacterium that caused secondary disease because of a stressor, can now be considered a causative agent of disease associated with a variety of infections in both humans and animals. has become an emerging pathogen in the poultry industry, particularly in turkey poults, causing acute mortality, usually without any premonitory signs.

Effect of pimenta essential oil and peracetic acid as pre-grind dip treatments on emerging Salmonella, spoilage bacteria, and quality attributes of ground turkey during chilled storage.

Effective postharvest interventions at the processing stages are recommended to control the transmission of emerging Salmonella serotypes from poultry products to humans. This study investigated the efficacy of pimenta essential oil (PEO) as a pre-grind chill dip antibacterial alone or in combination with peracetic acid (PAA) against emerging serotypes of Salmonella (S. Agona and S.

Salmonella enterica Serovar Abony Outbreak Caused by Clone of Reference Strain WDCM 00029, Chile, 2024.

A Salmonella enterica serovar Abony outbreak occurred during January-April 2024 in Chile. Genomic evidence indicated that the outbreak strain was a clone of reference strain WDCM 00029, which is routinely used in microbiological quality control tests. When rare or unreported serovars cause human infections, clinicians and health authorities should request strain characterization.

Modeling aerosol transmission spectra from n(λ) and k(λ) infrared optical constants measurements of organic liquids and solids.

The effects of light scattering and refraction play significantly different roles for aerosols than for bulk materials, making it challenging to identify aerosolized chemicals using traditional spectral methods or spectral reference libraries. Due to a potentially infinite number of particle morphologies, sizes, and compositions, constructing a database of laboratory-measured aerosol spectra is not a practical solution. Here, as an alternative approach, the measured n/k optical vectors of two example organic materials (diethyl phthalate and D-mannitol) are used in combination with particle absorption / scattering theory (Mie theory and FDTD) and the Beer-Lambert law to generate a series of synthetic infrared transmission / scattered light spectra.

Complete genome sequences of eight isolates representing all lipopolysaccharide outer core loci.

(PM) is a major bacterial pathogen that causes fowl cholera disease in both domestic poultry and wild birds. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of eight PM isolates representing all known lipopolysaccharide outer core loci, which are phenotypically expressed as 16 known PM serotypes.

Pediatric urinary tract infections caused by poultry-associated .

is the leading cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children and adults. The gastrointestinal tract is the primary reservoir of uropathogenic , which can be acquired from a variety of environmental exposures, including retail meat. In the current study, we used a novel statistical-genomic approach to estimate the proportion of pediatric UTIs caused by foodborne zoonotic strains.

Persistence of vaccine origin Salmonella Typhimurium through the poultry production continuum, and development of a rapid typing scheme for their differentiation from wild type field isolates.

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is one of the top Salmonella serovars annually linked to poultry production and corresponding human illnesses. Because of this, vaccination of commercial poultry against Salmonella Typhimurium has been a focal point in recent years. There are several commercially available Salmonella Typhimurium vaccines available for use in poultry production.

Combination of autochthonous strains and -Cinnamaldehyde in water reduces Heidelberg in turkey poults.

Reducing the colonization of in turkeys is critical to mitigating the risk of its contamination at later stages of production. Given the increased susceptibility of newly hatched poults to colonization, it is crucial to implement interventions that target potential transmission routes, including drinking water. As no individual intervention explored to date is known to eliminate , the United States Department of Agriculture-Food Safety Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS) recommends employing multiple hurdles to achieve a more meaningful reduction and minimize the potential emergence of resistance.

Assessing the Risk of Antimicrobial Resistant Enterococcal Infections in Humans Due to Bacitracin Usage in Poultry.

Bacitracin is an antimicrobial used in the feed or water of poultry in the U.S. for the prevention, treatment, and control of clostridial diseases such as necrotic enteritis.

Method to derive the infrared complex refractive indices n(λ) and k(λ) for organic solids from KBr pellet absorption measurements.

Obtaining the complex refractive index vectors (~) and (~) allows calculation of the (infrared) reflectance spectrum that is obtained from a solid in any of its many morphological forms. We report an adaptation to the KBr pellet technique using two gravimetric dilutions to derive quantitative (~)/(~) for dozens of powders with greater repeatability. The optical constants of bisphenol A and sucrose are compared to those derived by other methods, particularly for powdered materials.

Optimal Spectral Resolution for Infrared Studies of Solids and Liquids.

Due to a legacy originating in the limited capability of early computers, the spectroscopic resolution used in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and other systems has largely been implemented using only powers of two for more than 50 years. In this study, we investigate debunking the spectroscopic lore of, e.g.

Risk factors for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli carriage among children in a food animal-producing region of Ecuador: A repeated measures observational study.

Background: The spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria may be driven by human-animal-environment interactions, especially in regions with limited restrictions on antibiotic use, widespread food animal production, and free-roaming domestic animals. In this study, we aimed to identify risk factors related to commercial food animal production, small-scale or "backyard" food animal production, domestic animal ownership, and practices related to animal handling, waste disposal, and antibiotic use in Ecuadorian communities.

Methods And Findings: We conducted a repeated measures study from 2018 to 2021 in 7 semirural parishes of Quito, Ecuador to identify determinants of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E.

Leveraging the COVID-19 pandemic as a natural experiment to assess changes in antibiotic use and antibiotic-resistant E. coli carriage in semi-rural Ecuador.

The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had significant impacts on health systems, population dynamics, public health awareness, and antibiotic stewardship, which could affect antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) emergence and transmission. In this study, we aimed to compare knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of antibiotic use and ARB carriage in Ecuadorian communities before versus after the COVID-19 pandemic began. We leveraged data collected for a repeated measures observational study of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E.

FUTIs: an In-Person or Online Graphing, Bioinformatics, and Scientific Literacy Exercise That Explores the Presence of Antibiotic Resistance in Foodborne Urinary Tract Infections.

We developed a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) that gives students an opportunity to practice the process of science in a context that intersects with their everyday lives: purchasing grocery store chicken. Student mastery of concepts was assessed by pre- and postassessment questions and lab report worksheets that guided them through the process of writing a scientific paper. Learning to produce graphs from large data sets and comparing the results with published data emphasized quantitative reasoning, while working as a group and writing helped students practice scientific communication.

Survey of clinical and commensal Escherichia coli from commercial broilers and turkeys, with emphasis on high-risk clones using APECTyper.

Molecular characterization of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is challenging due to the complex nature of its associated disease, colibacillosis, in poultry. Numerous efforts have been made toward defining APEC, and it is becoming clear that certain clonal backgrounds are predictive of an avian E. coli isolate's virulence potential.

Efficacy of Antibiotic and Non-antibiotic Interventions in Preventing and Treating Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens: A Systematic Review.

The objective of this systematic review was to compare the efficacy of antibiotic and non-antibiotic alternatives in the prevention and treatment of necrotic enteritis (NE) in broiler chickens. experimental and observational studies that compared the administration of non-antibiotic compounds with antibiotics to prevent or treat NE in broiler chickens and that evaluated mortality and/or clinical or subclinical NE outcome measures were eligible. Four electronic databases were searched in December 2019 and updated in October 2021.

An Interactive Spectral Analysis Tool for Chemical Identification and Quantification of Gas-Phase Species in Complex Spectra.

A spectral analysis tool has been developed to interactively identify and quantify individual gas-phase species from complex infrared absorbance spectra obtained from laboratory or field data. The SpecQuant program has an intuitive graphical interface that accommodates both reference and experimental data with varying resolution and instrumental lineshape, as well as algorithms to readily align the wavenumber axis of a sample spectrum with the raster of a reference spectrum. Using a classical least squares model in conjunction with reference spectra such as those from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) gas-phase infrared database or simulated spectra derived from the HITRAN line-by-line database, the mixing ratio of each identified species is determined along with its associated estimation error.