Surgery for Primary Aldosteronism in France From 2010 to 2020 - Results from the French-Speaking Association of Endocrine Surgery (AFCE): Eurocrine Study Group.

Objective: Describe the diagnostic workup and postoperative results for patients treated by adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism in France from 2010 to 2020.

Background: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the underlying cause of hypertension in 6% to 18% of patients. French and international guidelines recommend CT-scan and adrenal vein sampling as part of diagnostic workup to distinguish unilateral PA amenable to surgical treatment from bilateral PA that will require lifelong antialdosterone treatment.

The biochemical composition of the actomyosin network sets the magnitude of cellular traction forces.

The regulation of cellular force production relies on the complex interplay between a well-conserved set of proteins of the cytoskeleton: actin, myosin, and α-actinin. Despite our deep knowledge of the role of these proteins in force production at the molecular scale, our understanding of the biochemical regulation of the magnitude of traction forces generated at the entire-cell level has been limited, notably by the technical challenge of measuring traction forces and the endogenous biochemical composition in the same cell. In this study, we developed an alternative Traction-Force Microscopy (TFM) assay, which used a combination of hydrogel micropatterning to define cell adhesion and shape and an intermediate fixation/immunolabeling step to characterize strain energies and the endogenous protein contents in single epithelial cells.

Comparison of treatment to improve gastrointestinal functions after colorectal surgery within enhanced recovery programmes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Despite a significant improvement with enhanced recovery programmes (ERP), gastro-intestinal (GI) functions that are impaired after colorectal resection and postoperative ileus (POI) remain a significant issue. In the literature, there is little evidence of the distinction between the treatment assessed within or outside ERP. The purpose was to evaluate the efficiency of treatments to reduce POI and improve GI function recovery within ERP.

Individual learning curve of cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer: A process with an impact on survival.

Background: This study aimed to assess the learning curve (LC) of cytoredutive surgery (CRS) of peritoneal metastasis (PM) from colorectal cancer (CRC). Information about learning curves is important for developing teaching tools and well-structured training programs for the implementation of this complex procedure in new healthcare centers. The aim of this study was to estimate how many procedures an inexperienced surgeon must perform (the length of the learning period) in order to demonstrate an acceptably low rate of locoregional recurrence.

Association of Adrenal Venous Sampling With Outcomes in Primary Aldosteronism for Unilateral Adenomas.

Importance: Adrenal venous sampling is recommended prior to adrenalectomy for all patients with hyperaldosteronism; however, cross-sectional imaging resolution continues to improve, while the procedure remains invasive and technically difficult. Therefore, certain patients may benefit from advancing straight to surgery.

Objective: To determine whether clinical and biochemical resolution varied for patients with primary aldosteronism with unilateral adenomas who underwent adrenal venous sampling vs those who proceeded to surgery based on imaging alone.

Stress fibres are embedded in a contractile cortical network.

Contractile actomyosin networks are responsible for the production of intracellular forces. There is increasing evidence that bundles of actin filaments form interconnected and interconvertible structures with the rest of the network. In this study, we explored the mechanical impact of these interconnections on the production and distribution of traction forces throughout the cell.

Hypertension resolution after adrenalectomy for primary hyperaldosteronism: Which is the best predictive model?

Background: We aimed to compare the predictive performance of three distinct clinical models purported to predict the resolution of aldosteronoma-associated hypertension after adrenalectomy.

Methods: A tri-institutional database of aldosteronoma patients who underwent adrenalectomy between 2004 and 2019 was retrospectively reviewed. The three models of interest incorporate various preoperative clinical factors, such as age and sex.

The size-speed-force relationship governs migratory cell response to tumorigenic factors.

Tumor development progresses through a complex path of biomechanical changes leading first to cell growth and contraction and then cell deadhesion, scattering, and invasion. Tumorigenic factors may act specifically on one of these steps or have a wider spectrum of actions, leading to a variety of effects and thus sometimes to apparent contradictory outcomes. Here we used micropatterned lines of collagen type I/fibronectin on deformable surfaces to standardize cell behavior and measure simultaneously cell size, speed of motion and magnitude of the associated traction forces at the level of a single cell.

Measurement of cell traction forces with ImageJ.

The quantification of cell traction forces requires three key steps: cell plating on a deformable substrate, measurement of substrate deformation, and the numerical estimation of the corresponding cell traction forces. The computing steps to measure gel deformation and estimate the force field have somehow limited the adoption of this method in cell biology labs. Here we propose a set of ImageJ plug-ins so that every lab equipped with a fluorescent microscope can measure cell traction forces.

Polyacrylamide hydrogel micropatterning.

This chapter describes the production of micropatterns of extracellular matrix proteins on a 2D flat polyacrylamide (PAA) gel. The technique is divided into two parts. First, micropatterns are produced on glass or directly on a photomask using deep UV.

β1- and αv-class integrins cooperate to regulate myosin II during rigidity sensing of fibronectin-based microenvironments.

How different integrins that bind to the same type of extracellular matrix protein mediate specific functions is unclear. We report the functional analysis of β1- and αv-class integrins expressed in pan-integrin-null fibroblasts seeded on fibronectin. Reconstitution with β1-class integrins promotes myosin-II-independent formation of small peripheral adhesions and cell protrusions, whereas expression of αv-class integrins induces the formation of large focal adhesions.

Directed cytoskeleton self-organization.

The cytoskeleton architecture supports many cellular functions. Cytoskeleton networks form complex intracellular structures that vary during the cell cycle and between different cell types according to their physiological role. These structures do not emerge spontaneously.

Reprogramming cell shape with laser nano-patterning.

Cell shape in vitro can be directed by geometrically defined micropatterned adhesion substrates. However conventional methods are limited by the fixed micropattern design, which cannot recapitulate the dynamic changes of the cell microenvironment. Here, we manipulate the shape of living cells in real time by using a tightly focused pulsed laser to introduce additional geometrically defined adhesion sites.