Increased Incidence of New-Onset Diabetic Retinopathy in Individuals with COVID-19 in an Underserved Urban Population in the Bronx.

To investigate the incidence of new-onset diabetic retinopathy (DR) in individuals with pre-existing type 2 diabetes (T2D) up to 3 years post SARS-CoV-2 infection. This retrospective study consisted of 5151 COVID-19 and 5151 propensity-matched non-COVID-19 patients with T2D in the Montefiore Health System between 1 March 2020 and 17 January 2023. The primary outcome was new-onset DR at least 2 months after the index date up to 17 January 2023.

Incidence rate and risk factors of pulmonary conditions three years post COVID-19 in Bronx, New York: a retrospective cohort study.

This retrospective cohort study used propensity-matched cohorts with a 3-year follow-up (March 2020-July 2023) to determine incidence rates, relative risks, and risk factors for incident pulmonary conditions after COVID-19 exposure. Data were drawn from a multi-center health system in New York City. Participants had at least 30 days of follow-up and included patients with or without COVID-19 confirmed by PCR, diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), or without COVID-19/LRTI testing.

Incidence and risk factors of new-onset hypertension up to 3 years post SARS-CoV-2 infection.

COVID-19 can trigger new cardiovascular events, including hypertension, in the acute setting. However, few studies have reported sustained new-onset hypertension post-infection. Moreover, these studies have a small sample size, inadequate controls, and a short (< 1 year) follow-up time.

Elevated risk of new-onset chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis up to four years after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Background: Fatigue is a common sequela of SARS-CoV-2 infection, with many COVID-19 patients subsequently developing chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME). Long-term associations between COVID-19, new-onset CFS/ME, and other independent predictors such as vaccination for SARS-CoV-2, re-infection, and blood biomarkers at time of infection remain unclear. This study investigated the incidence and independent predictors of developing new-onset CFS/ME up to 4 years post SARS-CoV-2 infection in comparison to COVID- controls.

Neuroimaging Findings of CAR T-Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity: A Review.

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has remarkable efficacy in treating refractory hematologic malignancies. However, CAR-T therapy may induce neurotoxic effects in some patients. Common symptoms of neurotoxicity range from early signs such as headache, confusion, delirium, and aphasia to severe manifestations such as seizures, motor weakness, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral edema, and coma.

Attention-based multimodal deep learning for interpretable and generalizable prediction of pathological complete response in breast cancer.

Background: Accurate prediction of pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy has significant clinical utility in the management of breast cancer treatment. Although multimodal deep learning models have shown promise for predicting pCR from medical imaging and other clinical data, their adoption has been limited due to challenges with interpretability and generalizability across institutions.

Methods: We developed a multimodal deep learning model combining post contrast-enhanced whole-breast MRI at pre- and post-treatment timepoints with non-imaging clinical features.

SARS-CoV-2 infection increases long-term risk of pneumonia in an urban population: an observational cohort study up to 46 months post-infection.

Background: COVID-19 could increase susceptibility to future pulmonary infections. Given the sheer number of individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2, increased prevalence of future pulmonary infections could be a public health concern.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study to determine whether COVID-19 is associated with increased incidence of future pneumonia.

Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Are at Greater Risk of Developing New Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease Following COVID-19.

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that COVID-19 status increases the incidence of new hypertension (HTN) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2D). This retrospective study consisted of 46,448 patients with T2D from the Montefiore Health System in the Bronx (3/01/2020-7/01/2023), of which 13,801 had a positive COVID-19 test on record. Contemporary controls included those hospitalized for other lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) ( = 1638) and nonhospitalized patients without COVID-19 or LRTI ( = 31009).

Incidence and risk factors of new clinical disorders in patients with COVID-19 hyperinflammatory syndrome.

This study investigated new incident clinical disorders in patients with COVID-19-related hyperinflammatory syndrome (cHIS) 3.5 years post infection. We analyzed 14,335 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from March-2020 to July-2023.

Long-term outcomes of patients with pre-existing coronary artery disease after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Background: The long-term outcomes of patients with pre-existing coronary artery disease (CAD) after SARS-CoV-2 infection are unknown.

Methods: Patients with pre-existing CAD were classified as COVID+ or COVID- based on the polymerase-chain-reaction test in the Montefiore Health System between March 11, 2020, and January 12, 2024. The final cohorts comprised 1380 hospitalised with COVID-19, 1702 non-hospitalised with COVID-19, 7264 contemporary COVID- controls, and 8492 historical controls (January 1, 2016-December 31, 2019).

New-onset conjunctivitis 3.5 years post SARS-CoV-2 infection in an inner-city population in the Bronx.

Background: A few studies have reported conjunctivitis is a complication associated with acute COVID-19. It is unknown whether SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the risk of conjunctivitis post-COVID-19 long term.

Objectives: This study investigated the incidence of new-onset conjunctivitis 3.

COVID-19 pandemic interruption of breast cancer screening is linked to clinical upstaging at presentation: the roles of demographics, socioeconomic status and unmet social needs.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic-related disruptions of mammography screening, breast cancer diagnosis, staging, and treatment options are not well understood with respect to social determinants of health, especially three years post-pandemic.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients screened by mammography or diagnosed with breast cancer from January 2019 to February 2023 in the urban population in the Bronx.

Results: Screening and diagnostic mammography, and breast cancer diagnoses from April to August 2020 dropped by 61%, 47%, and 42%, respectively, compared to pre-pandemic (Jan 2019-Mar 2020) and largely recovered by September 2020.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Associated with an Accelerated eGFR Decline in Kidney Transplant Recipients up to Four Years Post Infection.

Although kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) who are immune-compromised have been shown to be at high risk of adverse acute COVID-19 outcomes (i.e., mortality and critical illness), the long-term outcomes of KTRs with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection are unknown.

Radiomics Analysis of Breast MRI to Predict Oncotype Dx Recurrence Score: Systematic Review.

: The Oncotype DX recurrence score (ODXRS) has emerged as an important tool for predicting recurrence risk and guiding treatment decisions in estrogen receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative early-stage breast cancer. This review summarizes the current evidence on the clinical utility of the Oncotype DX RS and explores emerging research on potential imaging-based alternatives. The 21-gene assay provides a recurrence score that stratifies patients into low, intermediate, and high-risk groups, helping to identify patients who may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.

Longer-Term Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Asthma Exacerbation.

Background: The long-term impact of COVID-19 on asthma exacerbations remains unclear.

Objective: We assessed the future risk of asthma exacerbations after SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric and adult patients with asthma.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 12,719 patients with asthma with SARS-CoV-2 infection (confirmed by polymerase chain reaction test) and 91,763 without recorded SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large urban health care system (March 1, 2020 to December 31, 2023).

Impact of COVID-19 on long-term outcomes in Parkinson's disease.

Objectives: Patients with pre-existing Parkinson's disease (PD) face higher risks of severe acute COVID-19 outcomes than matched controls, but long-term post-COVID-19 outcomes remain largely unknown. This study investigated clinical outcomes up to 3.5 years post-infection in a Bronx inner-city PD population.

Long-term outcomes of patients with a pre-existing neurological condition after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objectives: This study investigated post COVID-19 outcomes of patients with pre-existing neurological conditions up to 3.5 years post-infection.

Methods: This retrospective study consisted of 1664 patients with COVID-19 (of which 1320 had been hospitalized for acute COVID-19) and 8985 non-COVID patients from the Montefiore Health System in the Bronx (Jan-2016 to Jul-2023).

Long term outcomes of patients with chronic kidney disease after COVID-19 in an urban population in the Bronx.

We investigated the long-term kidney and cardiovascular outcomes of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) after COVID-19. Our retrospective cohort consisted of 834 CKD patients with COVID-19 and 6,167 CKD patients without COVID-19 between 3/11/2020 to 7/1/2023. Multivariate competing risk regression models were used to estimate risk (as adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)) of CKD progression to a more advanced stage (Stage 4 or 5) and major adverse kidney events (MAKE), and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow up.

Detection of breast cancer lesions using APT weighted MRI: a systematic review.

Amide proton transfer (APT) is a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that has shown promising ability to study cancers. This paper systematically reviewed the literature on the use of APT MRI in the prognosis of breast cancer. A literature search was conducted on Pubmed and Embase and a total of 14 articles comprising 775 patients were included in the review.

Diffusion-weighted arterial spin labeling MRI to investigate mannitol-induced blood brain barrier disruption.

Purpose: Diffusion-weighted arterial spin labeling (DW-ASL) MRI has been proposed to determine the rate of water exchange (K) across the blood brain barrier (BBB). This study aims to further evaluate K MRI by comparing it with standard dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI and histology in association with mannitol-induced disruption of the BBB.

Methods: DW-ASL was measured using a multiple b-value MRI protocol in normal rats at three post-labeling delays (N = 19), before and after intra-carotid injection of mannitol to disrupt BBB in one hemisphere (N = 13).

Cardiotoxic Effects Following CAR-T Cell Therapy: A Literature Review.

Purpose Of Review: This paper reviewed the current literature on incidence, clinical manifestations, and risk factors of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) cardiotoxicity.

Recent Findings: CAR-T therapy has emerged as a groundbreaking treatment for hematological malignancies since FDA approval in 2017. CAR-T therapy is however associated with a few side effects, among which cardiotoxicity is of significant concern.

Long-Term Outcomes of Patients with Pre-Existing Essential Tremor After SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Background/objectives: Although COVID-19 has been linked to worse outcomes in patients with neurological disorders, its impact on those with essential tremor (ET) remains unclear. To investigate clinical outcomes of ET patients with and without COVID-19 three and a half years post-pandemic.

Methods: 1074 ET patients were evaluated in this retrospective study in the Montefiore Health System from January 2016 to July 2023.

New-onset gastrointestinal disorders in COVID-19 patients 3.5 years post-infection in the inner-city population in the Bronx.

This study examined the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of new gastrointestinal disorders (GID) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection up to 3.5 years post-infection. This retrospective study included 35,102 COVID-19 patients and 682,594 contemporary non-COVID-19 patients without past medical history of GID (controls) from the Montefiore Health System in the Bronx (3/1/2020 to 7/31/2023).

New-onset cardiovascular diseases post SARS-CoV-2 infection in an urban population in the Bronx.

This study investigated the incidence of new-onset cardiovascular disorders up to 3.5 years post SARS-CoV-2 infection for 56,400 individuals with COVID-19 and 1,093,904 contemporary controls without COVID-19 in the Montefiore Health System (03/11/2020 to 07/01/2023). Outcomes were new incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), arrhythmias, inflammatory heart disease, thrombosis, cerebrovascular disorders, ischemic heart disease and other cardiac disorders between 30 days and (up to) 3.

Long COVID-19 outcomes of patients with pre-existing dementia.

Background: Although COVID-19 has been linked to worse acute outcomes in patients with some neurodegenerative disorders, its long-term impact on dementia remains unclear.

Objective: To investigate the outcomes of COVID-19 survivors with dementia.

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 9806 patients with dementia in the Montefiore Health System (January 2016 to July 2023).