Clinical and computed tomography characteristics of high-risk periampullary diverticulum.

Background: Periampullary diverticulum (PAD) is a common acquired extraluminal outpouching of duodenal mucosa and is often clinically overlooked. When complicated by biliary-pancreatic stones or inflammation, PAD may lead to severe biliary-pancreatic complications. Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is currently regarded as the gold standard for PAD diagnosis, its invasive nature and other limitations have led to computed tomography (CT) being increasingly preferred as the first-line imaging modality.

Interpretable AI-assisted diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer cytopathology using graph neural networks and knowledge graphs.

This study presents an interpretable AI-assisted diagnostic approach for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cytopathology by combining graph neural networks (GNNs) with knowledge graphs (KGs). Routine cytology smears from 281 PTC cases were scanned, labeled, and processed using the Cascade RCNN model to detect pathological cell features, including 45,680 ground-glass nuclei, 712 nuclear grooves, and 116 intranuclear inclusions. By integrating GNNs, the model achieved a mean intersection over union (mIoU) of 56.

Early Lung Adenocarcinoma Manifesting as Irregular Subsolid Nodules: Clinical and CT Characteristics.

Rationale And Objectives: To explore the clinical and computed tomography (CT) characteristics of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) that presents with an irregular shape.

Materials And Methods: The CT data of 575 patients with stage IA LADC and 295 with persistent inflammatory lesion (PIL) manifesting as subsolid nodules (SSNs) were analyzed retrospectively. Among these patients, we selected 233 patients with LADC and 140 patients with PIL, who showed irregular SSNs, hereinafter referred to as irregular LADC (I-LADC) and irregular PIL (I-PIL), respectively.

Clinical and Computed Tomography Characteristics of Inflammatory Solid Pulmonary Nodules with Morphology Suggesting Malignancy.

Rationale And Objectives: To investigate the clinical and computed tomography characteristics of inflammatory solid pulmonary nodules (SPNs) with morphology suggesting malignancy, hereinafter referred to as atypical inflammatory SPNs (AI-SPNs).

Materials And Methods: The CT data of 515 patients with SPNs who underwent surgical resection were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into inflammatory and malignant groups and their clinical and imaging features were compared.

The differential computed tomography features between small benign and malignant solid solitary pulmonary nodules with different sizes.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) has been widely known to be the first choice for the diagnosis of solid solitary pulmonary nodules (SSPNs). However, the smaller the SSPN is, the less the differential CT signs between benign and malignant SSPNs there are, which brings great challenges to their diagnosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the differential CT features between small (≤15 mm) benign and malignant SSPNs with different sizes.

Clinical and non-contrast computed tomography characteristics and disease development in patients with benign pulmonary subsolid nodules with a solid component ≤ 5 mm.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and non-contrast computed tomography (CT) features of patients with benign pulmonary subsolid nodules (SSNs) with a solid component ≤ 5 mm and their development trends via follow-up CT.

Methods: We retrospectively collected 436 data from patients who had SSNs with a solid component ≤ 5 mm, including 69 with absorbable benign SSNs (AB-SSNs), 70 with nonabsorbable benign SSNs (NB-SSNs), and 297 with malignant SSNs (M-SSNs). Models 1, 2, and 3 for distinguishing the different types of SSNs were then developed and validated.

Solitary lung adenocarcinoma: follow-up CT, pathological-molecular characteristics, and surgical prognosis for different morphological classifications.

Objective: To investigate the dynamic changes during follow-up computed tomography (CT), histological subtypes, gene mutation status, and surgical prognosis for different morphological presentations of solitary lung adenocarcinomas (SLADC).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study compared dynamic tumor changes and volume doubling time (VDT) in 228 patients with SLADC (morphological types I-IV) who had intermittent growth during follow-ups. The correlation between the morphological classification and histological subtypes, gene mutation status, and surgical prognosis was evaluated.

Development and validation of a CT algorithm for the identification of nonperforated duodenal bulb ulcer.

Purpose: To assess the value of multiplanar computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of nonperforated duodenal bulb ulcer (NPDBU).

Method: We retrospectively analyzed data from 135 patients with NPDBU (ulcer group) and 150 patients with a normal duodenal bulb (control group) who underwent contrast-enhanced abdominal CT and were diagnosed via upper endoscopy from January 2018 to February 2022. The clinical and CT features were compared between the two groups.

Using combined CT-clinical radiomics models to identify epidermal growth factor receptor mutation subtypes in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: To investigate the value of computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics signatures in combination with clinical and CT morphological features to identify epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutation subtypes in lung adenocarcinoma (LADC).

Methods: From February 2012 to October 2019, 608 patients were confirmed with LADC and underwent chest CT scans. Among them, 307 (50.

Combined model of radiomics, clinical, and imaging features for differentiating focal pneumonia-like lung cancer from pulmonary inflammatory lesions: an exploratory study.

Background: Only few studies have focused on differentiating focal pneumonia-like lung cancer (F-PLC) from focal pulmonary inflammatory lesion (F-PIL). This exploratory study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of a combined model incorporating computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics signatures, clinical factors, and CT morphological features for distinguishing F-PLC and F-PIL.

Methods: In total, 396 patients pathologically diagnosed with F-PLC and F-PIL from two medical institutions between January 2015 and May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.

Differential diagnosis of localized pneumonic-type lung adenocarcinoma and pulmonary inflammatory lesion.

Background: In clinical practice, a number of delayed diagnoses of localized pneumonic-type lung adenocarcinoma (L-PLADC) mimicking pneumonia have been identified due to the lack of knowledge regarding the radiological findings associated with this condition. Here, we defined L-PLADC as a special type of lung adenocarcinoma that presents as a focal consolidation involving < 50% of the area of a lobe and aimed to investigate the differential clinical and imaging features between L-PLADC and localized pulmonary inflammatory lesion (L-PIL).

Results: The data of 120 patients with L-PLADC and 125 patients with L-PIL who underwent contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) scan were retrospectively analyzed.

Differential Diagnosis of Nonabsorbable Inflammatory and Malignant Subsolid Nodules with a Solid Component ≤5 mm.

Purpose: To investigate the differential clinical and computed tomography (CT) characteristics of pulmonary nonabsorbable inflammatory and malignant subsolid nodules (SSNs) with a solid component ≤5 mm.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 576 consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection and had SSNs with a solid component ≤5 mm on CT images. These patients were divided into inflammatory and malignant groups according to pathology.

Radiological classification, gene-mutation status, and surgical prognosis of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer.

Objective: To investigate the radiological classification, gene-mutation status, and surgical prognosis of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (sMPLC).

Methods: From January 2013 to October 2019, 192 consecutive patients with sMPLC were investigated. The clinical, CT, molecular, and pathological features of all patients were analyzed.

Pneumonic-type lung adenocarcinoma with different ranges exhibiting different clinical, imaging, and pathological characteristics.

Background: Pneumonic-type lung adenocarcinoma (PLADC) with different ranges might exhibit different imaging and clinicopathological features. This study divided PLADC into localized PLADC (L-PLADC) and diffuse PLADC (D-PLADC) based on imaging and aimed to clarify the differences in clinical, imaging, and pathologic characteristics between the two new subtypes.

Results: The data of 131 patients with L-PLADC and 117 patients with D-PLADC who were pathologically confirmed and underwent chest computed tomography (CT) at our institute from December 2014 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected.

Clinicopathological and computed tomographic features associated with occult lymph node metastasis in patients with peripheral solid non-small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: To investigate the value of combining clinicopathological characteristics with computed tomographic (CT) features of tumours for predicting occult lymph node metastasis (OLNM) in peripheral solid non-small cell lung cancer (PS-NSCLC).

Methods: The study included 478 NSCLC clinically N0 (cN0) patients who underwent lobectomy and systemic lymph node dissection from January 2014 to August 2019. Patients were classified into OLNM and negative lymph node metastasis (NLNM) groups.

Computed Tomography Morphological Classification of Lung Adenocarcinoma and Its Correlation with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation Status: A Report of 1075 Cases.

Background: Many delayed diagnoses of lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) are identified due to poor understanding of protean imaging findings. Moreover, clarifying the relationship between computed tomography (CT) morphological classification and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations of LADC might inform therapeutic decision-making while obtaining pathological specimens is difficult. Here, we retrospectively analyzed CT manifestations of LADC and investigated the morphological classification of tumors in relation to EGFR mutation status.

Development and Validation of a Combined Model for Preoperative Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Peripheral Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Based on the "seed and soil" theory proposed by previous studies, we aimed to develop and validate a combined model of machine learning for predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with peripheral lung adenocarcinoma (PLADC).

Methods: Radiomics models were developed in a primary cohort of 390 patients (training cohort) with pathologically confirmed PLADC from January 2016 to August 2018. The patients were divided into the LNM (-) and LNM (+) groups.

Differentiating malignant and benign necrotic lung lesions using kVp-switching dual-energy spectral computed tomography.

Background: Necrotic pulmonary lesions manifest as relatively low-density internally on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). However, using CT to differentiate malignant and benign necrotic pulmonary lesions is challenging, as these lesions have similar peripheral enhancement. With the introduction of dual-energy spectral CT (DESCT), more quantitative parameters can be obtained and the ability to differentiate material compositions has been highly promoted.

Spectral CT in Lung Cancer: Usefulness of Iodine Concentration for Evaluation of Tumor Angiogenesis and Prognosis.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between iodine concentration (IC) derived from spectral CT and angiogenesis and the relationships between IC and clinical-pathologic features associated with lung cancer prognosis. Sixty patients with lung cancer were enrolled and underwent spectral CT. The IC, IC difference (ICD), and normalized IC (NIC) of tumors were measured in the arterial phase, venous phase (VP), and delayed phase.

Differentiation of Intraspinal Tuberculosis and Metastatic Cancer Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the differences in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings between intraspinal tuberculosis and metastatic cancer, which may aid in making the correct diagnosis.

Patients And Methods: The clinical features and MRI findings of 15 patients with intraspinal tuberculosis and 11 patients with intraspinal metastatic cancers were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: The mean ages of the patients with intraspinal tuberculosis and metastatic cancer were 26.

Assessment the reliability of ultrasonography in the imaging of the plantar fascia: a comparative study.

Background: Imaging methods for the plantar fascia have included radiography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), all of which have provided valuable information. This study assessed the reliability of ultrasonography examinations of the plantar fascia using a comparative study.

Methods: Fifty healthy adult volunteers (25 males and 25 females, mean age 31.

MRI features of intracranial anaplastic hemangiopericytoma.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of intracranial anaplastic hemangiopericytoma (AHPC) were analyzed. The pathological examination showed that there was a great number of irregularly arranged tumor cells with nuclear atypia, and mitotic properties were commonly seen providing support for clinical staging, therapy and prognosis judgment. Eighteen cases of intracranial AHPC proved by operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.

Abnormal spontaneous brain activity in type 2 diabetes with and without microangiopathy revealed by regional homogeneity.

Purpose: To investigate whether global spontaneous brain activity changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and these changes vary according to the degree of microangiopathy.

Materials And Methods: T2DM patients with (M(+), n=26) and without (M(-), n=22) microangiopathy as well as 28 healthy nondiabetic subjects were enrolled in this study. All the subjects completed a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) examination and neuropsychological assessment.

Tree-in-bud pattern in central lung cancer: CT findings and pathologic correlation.

Objectives: Tree-in-bud (TIB) pattern can be found with central lung cancer on chest CT scans. However, few reports have described it so far. We aim to determine its incidence, CT findings and pathologic basis.

[Analysis of the immunohistochemical subtypes and prognosis of primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the central nervous system].

Objective: To analyze the subtypes of primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS DLBCL) and to explore the relationship between the subtype classification and prognosis.

Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the expression of CD20, CD3, CD10, Bcl-6, Mum-1, CD5, Bcl-2, Ki-67, FOXP-1, GCET-1, BLIMP-1 and LMO-2 antigens on paraffin-embedded sections of 47 cases. Hans, Choi and Tally subtypes were classified, and univariate and multivariate analyses were used to elucidate the relationship between the subtypes and prognosis.