"Deaf behind bars": a global scoping review on the situation and experiences of detained people with hearing impairment.

Purpose: The global prison population is rising, with over 11.5 million people in prison on any given day. Very little is known about hearing impairment in prison populations, despite prisons being a sound-centric closed environment.

Why animals can outrun robots.

Animals are much better at running than robots. The difference in performance arises in the important dimensions of agility, range, and robustness. To understand the underlying causes for this performance gap, we compare natural and artificial technologies in the five subsystems critical for running: power, frame, actuation, sensing, and control.

How can quality be measured within a physician-led Community Emergency Medical service? A scoping review protocol.

Background: Quality measurement as part of quality improvement in healthcare is integral for service delivery and development. This is particularly pertinent for health services that deliver care in ways that differ from traditional practice. Community Emergency Medicine (CEM) is a novel and evolving concept of care delivered by services in parts of the UK and Ireland.

Just-in-time interprofessional training: lessons from the NHS Nightingale London.

The Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic placed significant pressure on healthcare systems across the globe, with many clinicians redeployed in unfamiliar specialties or disciplines. In England, a just-in-time interprofessional training and education programme was rapidly established to upskill nearly 2,500 people who volunteered to work at the NHS Nightingale London Hospital. Of the 488 respondents in our evaluation, representing a 20% response rate, most felt confident and safe to start work in NHS Nightingale London.

A Cross-Sectional Study of Serum Glutathione Peroxidase: An Antioxidative Marker in Chronic Periodontitis and Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background And Aim: Oxidative stress as an individual risk for periodontitis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been elaborated through various mechanical pathways, yet its role in association with both diseases remains unexplored. Thus, the current study aims in evaluating serum glutathione peroxidase, an oxidative stress marker in CKD patients with periodontitis, and compare it with the healthy controls.

Methodology: One hundred and twenty subjects were divided into four groups as control (C=30 subjects), periodontitis and non-CKD patients (CP=30 patients), non-periodontitis and CKD patients (CKD=30 patients), and periodontitis and CKD patients (CKD+CP=30 patients).

Inside The O2: the NHS Nightingale Hospital London education center.

As part of the response to COVID-19 in the United Kingdom (UK) the NHS Nightingale Hospital London was rapidly established in March 2020. Set up in the ExCel, an international conference center, it aimed to address the anticipated shortfall of intensive care beds in London. Whilst this hospital garnered huge amounts of publicity in the UK, less widely discussed is the Nightingale Education Center.

The use of simulation to prepare and improve responses to infectious disease outbreaks like COVID-19: practical tips and resources from Norway, Denmark, and the UK.

In this paper, we describe the potential of simulation to improve hospital responses to the COVID-19 crisis. We provide tools which can be used to analyse the current needs of the situation, explain how simulation can help to improve responses to the crisis, what the key issues are with integrating simulation into organisations, and what to focus on when conducting simulations. We provide an overview of helpful resources and a collection of scenarios and support for centre-based and in situ simulations.

History-dependent perturbation response in limb muscle.

Muscle mediates movement but movement is typically unsteady and perturbed. Muscle is known to behave non-linearly and with history-dependent properties during steady locomotion, but the importance of history dependence in mediating muscle function during perturbations remains less clear. To explore the capacity of muscles to mitigate perturbations during locomotion, we constructed a series of perturbations that varied only in kinematic history, keeping instantaneous position, velocity and time from stimulation constant.

Geckos Race Across the Water's Surface Using Multiple Mechanisms.

Acrobatic geckos can sprint at high speeds over challenging terrain [1], scamper up the smoothest surfaces [2], rapidly swing underneath leaves [3], and right themselves in midair by swinging only their tails [4, 5]. From our field observations, we can add racing on the water's surface to the gecko's list of agile feats. Locomotion at the air-water interface evolved in over a thousand species, including insects, fish, reptiles, and mammals [6].

Validation evidence of the paediatric Objective Structured Assessment of Debriefing (OSAD) tool.

Introduction: Debriefing is essential to maximise the simulation-based learning experience, but until recently, there was little guidance on an effective paediatric debriefing. A debriefing assessment tool, Objective Structured Assessment of Debriefing (OSAD), has been developed to measure the quality of feedback in paediatric simulation debriefings. This study gathers and evaluates the validity evidence of OSAD with reference to the contemporary hypothesis-driven approach to validity.

Interdisciplinary Laboratory Course Facilitating Knowledge Integration, Mutualistic Teaming, and Original Discovery.

Experiencing the thrill of an original scientific discovery can be transformative to students unsure about becoming a scientist, yet few courses offer authentic research experiences. Increasingly, cutting-edge discoveries require an interdisciplinary approach not offered in current departmental-based courses. Here, we describe a one-semester, learning laboratory course on organismal biomechanics offered at our large research university that enables interdisciplinary teams of students from biology and engineering to grow intellectually, collaborate effectively, and make original discoveries.

'The Diamond': a structure for simulation debrief.

Background: Despite debriefing being found to be the most important element in providing effective learning in simulation-based medical education reviews, there are only a few examples in the literature to help guide a debriefer. The diamond debriefing method is based on the technique of description, analysis and application, along with aspects of the advocacy-inquiry approach and of debriefing with good judgement. It is specifically designed to allow an exploration of the non-technical aspects of a simulated scenario.

Stress distribution and contact area measurements of a gecko toe using a high-resolution tactile sensor.

The adhesive systems of geckos have been widely studied and have been a great source of bioinspiration. Load-sharing (i.e.

Development of a tool to improve performance debriefing and learning: the paediatric Objective Structured Assessment of Debriefing (OSAD) tool.

Background: Simulation is an important educational tool to improve medical training and patient safety. Debriefing after simulation is crucial to maximise learning and to translate the lessons learnt to improve real clinical performance, and thus to reduce medical error. Currently there are few tools to improve performance debriefing and learning after simulations of serious paediatric situations.

Surgical correction of excessive gingival display in class I vertical maxillary excess: Mucosal strip technique.

There are several conditions that results in excessive gingival display. In case of class I vertical maxillary excess the reason for this excessive display is the hypermobile lip. Though orthodontic treatment is the choice of treatment, surgical repositioning along with the orthodontics gives more predictable and stable results.

Short-term effects of nonsurgical periodontal treatment with and without use of diode laser (980 nm) on serum levels of reactive oxygen metabolites and clinical periodontal parameters in patients with chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficiency of a diode laser as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis patients, and also to evaluate the changes in the clinical parameters such as clinical attachment level in teeth with periodontal pockets and blood reactive oxygen metabolites.

Method And Materials: A total of thirty patients (mean age 38.2 years) with chronic periodontitis were selected for this study.

A comparative clinical study of the efficacy of subepithelial connective tissue graft and acellular dermal matrix graft in root coverage: 6-month follow-up observation.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of subepithelial connective tissue graft and acellular dermal matrix graft associated with coronally repositioned flap in the treatment of Miller's class I and II gingival recession, 6 months postoperatively.

Settings And Design: Ten patients with bilateral Miller's class I or class II gingival recession were randomly divided into two groups using a split-mouth study design.

Materials And Methods: Group I (10 sites) was treated with subepithelial connective tissue graft along with coronally repositioned flap and Group II (10 sites) treated with acellular dermal matrix graft along with coronally repositioned flap.

Peri-implant esthetics assessment and management.

Providing an esthetic restoration in the anterior region of the mouth has been the basis of peri-implant esthetics. To achieve optimal esthetics, in implant supported restorations, various patient and tooth related factors have to be taken into consideration. Peri-implant plastic surgery has been adopted to improve the soft tissue and hard tissue profiles, during and after implant placement.

Simulation training for improving the quality of care for older people: an independent evaluation of an innovative programme for inter-professional education.

Introduction: This paper describes the evaluation of a 2-day simulation training programme for staff designed to improve teamwork and inpatient care and compassion in an older persons' unit.

Objective: The programme was designed to improve inpatient care for older people by using mixed modality simulation exercises to enhance teamwork and empathetic and compassionate care.

Methods: Healthcare professionals took part in: (a) a 1-day human patient simulation course with six scenarios and (b) a 1-day ward-based simulation course involving five 1-h exercises with integrated debriefing.

Development and implementation of centralized simulation training: evaluation of feasibility, acceptability and construct validity.

Unlabelled: WHAT'S KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? AND WHAT DOES THE STUDY ADD?: A competent urologist should not only have effective technical skills, but also other attributes that would make him/her a complete surgeon. These include team-working, communication and decision-making skills. Although evidence for effectiveness of simulation exists for individual simulators, there is a paucity of evidence for utility and effectiveness of these simulators in training programmes that aims to combine technical and non-technical skills training.

Simulation training for hyperacute stroke unit nurses.

National clinical guidelines have emphasized the need to identify acute stroke as a clinical priority for early assessment and treatment of patients on hyperacute stroke units. Nurses working on hyperacute stroke units require stroke specialist training and development of competencies in dealing with neurological emergencies and working in multidisciplinary teams. Educational theory suggests that experiential learning with colleagues in real-life settings may provide transferable results to the workplace with improved performance.

Tail-assisted pitch control in lizards, robots and dinosaurs.

In 1969, a palaeontologist proposed that theropod dinosaurs used their tails as dynamic stabilizers during rapid or irregular movements, contributing to their depiction as active and agile predators. Since then the inertia of swinging appendages has been implicated in stabilizing human walking, aiding acrobatic manoeuvres by primates and rodents, and enabling cats to balance on branches. Recent studies on geckos suggest that active tail stabilization occurs during climbing, righting and gliding.

Gliding saves time but not energy in Malayan colugos.

Gliding is thought to be an economical form of locomotion. However, few data on the climbing and gliding of free-ranging gliding mammals are available. This study employed an animal-borne three-dimensional acceleration data-logging system to collect continuous data on the climbing and gliding of free-ranging Malayan colugos, Galeopterus variegatus.