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The adhesive systems of geckos have been widely studied and have been a great source of bioinspiration. Load-sharing (i.e. preventing stress concentrations through equal distribution of loads) is necessary to maximize the performance of an adhesive system, but it is not known to what extent load-sharing occurs in gecko toes. In this paper, we present in vivo measurements of the stress distribution and contact area on the toes of a tokay gecko (Gekko gecko) using a custom tactile sensor with 100 μm spatial resolution. We found that the stress distributions were nonuniform, with large variations in stress between and within lamellae, suggesting that load-sharing in the tokay gecko is uneven. These results may be relevant to the understanding of gecko morphology and the design of improved synthetic adhesive systems.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/10/1/016013 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
September 2025
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s), particularly those of microbial origin, are highly versatile biocatalysts capable of catalyzing a broad range of regio- and stere-oselective reactions. P450s derived from extremophiles are of particular interest due to their potential tolerance to high temperature, salinity, and acidity. This study aimed to identify and classify novel microbial P450 enzymes from extreme environments across Türkiye, including hydrothermal springs, hypersaline lakes, and an acid-mine drainage site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunct Integr Genomics
September 2025
Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China.
In this study, a comprehensive genome-wide identification and analysis of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) gene family was performed to explore the role of Gossypium hirsutumAKR40 under salt stress in cotton. A total of 249 AKR genes were identified with uneven distribution on the chromosomes in four cotton species. The diversity and evolutionary relationship of the cotton AKR gene family was identified using physio-chemical analysis, phylogenetic tree construction, conserved motif analysis, chromosomal localization, prediction of cis-acting elements, and calculation of evolutionary selection pressure under 300 mM NaCl stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmSphere
September 2025
Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Oxidative stress induces a wide range of cellular damage, often causing disease and cell death. While many organisms are susceptible to the effects of oxidative stress, haloarchaea have adapted to be highly resistant. Several aspects of the haloarchaeal oxidative stress response have been characterized; however, little is known about the impacts of oxidative stress at the translation level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin
September 2025
Department of Mathematics, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Accurate modeling of lung parenchymal biomechanics is critical for understanding respiratory function and improving diagnoses. Traditional hyperelastic models capture tissue deformation but miss essential physiological interactions. This study evaluates an experimentally informed poroelastic model (Birzle's formulation) against hyperelastic-only models within a finite element framework.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
September 2025
Microplastics Research Center, Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Veliky Novgorod 173003, Russia.
Microplastics, tiny fragments resulting from the degradation of plastic waste, are abundant in water, air, and soil and are currently recognized as a global environmental problem. There is also growing evidence that nanosized microplastics (nanoplastics) can be hazardous to living species. Unlike most experimental methods, computer modeling is particularly well suited to studying the effects of such nanoplastics.
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