Targeting immunosenescence and inflammaging: advancing longevity research.

Here we examine the crucial role of the immune system in aging, with a particular focus on two interconnected processes: immunosenescence and inflammaging, which contribute to age-related decline. Our goal is to provide a thorough overview of the various factors that lead to immune aging while introducing therapeutic approaches that can partially restore immune function. Additionally, we discuss recent strategies that go beyond localized immune improvement to actively modulate immune balance, influencing systemic aging and extending healthspan.

The Impact of Toll-Like Receptor 5 on Liver Function in Age-Related Metabolic Disorders.

Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) plays a critical role beyond its traditional function in innate immunity, significantly impacting metabolic regulation and liver health. Previously, we reported that TLR5 activation extends the healthspan and lifespan of aging mice. This study demonstrates that TLR5 deficiency leads to pronounced metabolic abnormalities with age, primarily affecting liver metabolic functions rather than intestinal inflammation.

The composition of chemicals and anti-osteogenic properties in the volatile extracts from Homalomena gigantea rhizome.

In this study, the anti-osteogenic properties of the volatile oil extracted from Homalomena gigantea rhizome using ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanol (MeOH) were examined. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed for the identification of volatile components. Following this, bioassays were performed to evaluate their effects on osteogenesis, encompassing parameters like cell viability, osteoblast differentiation, collagen synthesis and mineralization.

Bio-guided isolation of alpha-glucosidase inhibitory compounds from Vietnamese liverwort : and studies.

Bio-guided isolation was applied to Vietnamese L. to find alpha-glucosidase inhibition. Fifteen compounds were isolated and structurally determined, including two new compounds, marchatoside (7) and marchanol (8), along with thirteen known compounds: marchantin A (1), isoriccardin C (2), riccardin C (3), marchantin K (4), lunularin (5), 3-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-5,7-dimethoxyphthalide (6), vitexilactone (9), 12-oleanene-3-one (10), 3,11-dioxoursolic acid (11), ursolic acid (12), artemetin (13), kaempferol (14), and quercetin (15).

Implementation of point-of-care testing of C-reactive protein concentrations to improve antibiotic targeting in respiratory illness in Vietnamese primary care: a pragmatic cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Background: In previous trials, point-of-care testing of C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations safely reduced antibiotic use in non-severe acute respiratory infections in primary care. However, these trials were done in a research-oriented context with close support from research staff, which could have influenced prescribing practices. To better inform the potential for scaling up point-of-care testing of CRP in respiratory infections, we aimed to do a pragmatic trial of the intervention in a routine care setting.

Assessment of pesticide use and pesticide residues in vegetables from two provinces in Central Vietnam.

Pesticide residue in food, especially in vegetables, is one of the important parameters to assess food safety. This study evaluates the pesticide use in vegetables from two provinces in Central Vietnamand and present data on pesticides detected in vegetables sampled from the sites. The potential health risk associated with the contamination of four commonly used pesticides in different vegetables is also discussed.

Berberine-loaded liposomes for oral delivery: Preparation, physicochemical characterization and in-vivo evaluation in an endogenous hyperlipidemic animal model.

Berberine (BBR) is a plant-origin quaternary isoquinoline alkaloid presenting exogenous cholesterol lowering and anti-hyperlipidemia therapeutic effects. The aim of this study was to design and generate BBR-loaded proliposomes (PLs) as solid templates for high-dose liposomes and consequently, to enhance the oral bioavailability and therapeutic effect of BBR. An air-suspension coating (layering) method was used for generating BBR-loaded PLs.

Indicuen, a new hopane from Hale growing in Vietnam.

One new hopane-type triterpene, indicuen (), along with eight known compounds () were isolated from the -hexane extract of the lichen Hale. The chemical structures of isolated compounds were identified by interpretation of their spectroscopic data (1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS) combined with DFT-NMR chemical shift calculations and subsequent assignment of DP4+ probabilities and by comparison with the literature. Indicuen represents for a rare hopane bearing a 1-carboxyethyl substituent at C-21 in lichens.

Lasibidoupins A and B, two new compounds from the stems of V.S. Dang & Naiki.

From the stems, two new compounds, including one new 9,10-anthraquinone, lasibidoupin A (), and one new 6,7-benzocoumarin, lasibidoupin B (), together with one known compound, 11--methyldamnacanthol () were isolated using chromatographic method. Their structures were determined by extensive HRMS, and NMR assignments. Compound was reported for the first time from this species.

Two new phenolic compounds from the lichen growing in Vietnam.

Two new phenolic compounds, cristiferides A-B () together with six known compounds, 2,4-dihydroxyphthalide (), lecanoric acid (), orsellinic acid (), 5-chloroorsellinic acid (), methyl haematommate (), and methyl β-orsellinate () were isolated from the lichen (Taylor) Hale (Parmeliaceae). The structures of isolated compounds were identified from its spectroscopic data and by comparison with the literatures. Compounds - and were evaluated for alpha-glucosidase inhibition.