An enhancement of fluorescence and anticancer efficiency of coumarin-substituted thiosemicarbazone and its Cu therapeutic sensing.

Background: Recent advancements in cancer therapeutics have catalyzed the development of noninvasive treatment modalities, including the utilization of fluorescent chemotherapeutic agents. These agents offer dual functionality, enabling targeted drug delivery, real-time tumor imaging, and personalized therapy monitoring. Such capabilities are instrumental in the progression toward more precise and effective cancer interventions.

Microplastic and microcystin in tropical drinking water reservoir: pollution characteristics and human health risk assessment.

The presence of microplastics (MPs) and cyanobacterial toxins (microcystin, MC) in drinking water is a growing public health concern. This study investigated their occurrence and distribution in a tropical reservoir from June 2023 to May 2024. MPs were found at all sites, with an abundance ranging from 1.

Modular helix stabilization via alkenyl butylcarbamate staples: effects of staple length, stereochemistry, and directionality.

Peptide stapling is a widely used approach for stabilizing α-helical peptides, improving their structural integrity, proteolytic resistance, and therapeutic potential. Here, we present a novel stapling strategy employing alkenyl butylcarbamate cross-links formed via ring-closing metathesis (RCM). This platform enables fine control over staple length, stereochemistry, and directionality.

Hyperthermia Augments the H1-Histamine Receptor-Mediated Force in the Human Atrium.

It was unknown whether hyperthermia increased the efficacy of histamine to raise the force of cardiac contractions via human H1-histamine receptors. To that end, we measured the force in isolated human atrial preparations (HAPs) excised from the right atrium of patients who underwent cardiac surgery due to severe two- or three-vessel coronary heart disease. For comparison, we also measured the force in paced (1 Hz) left and spontaneously beating right atrial preparations of transgenic mice overexpressing cardiac human H1-histamine receptors (H1-TG).

BOPAM's Bright and Dark Excited States: Insight from Structural, Photophysical, and Quantum Chemical Investigations.

BOPAM exhibits high fluorescence quantum yields, along with exceptional photostability, rendering it a promising platform for applications as fluorescence sensors. However, the development of BOPAM-based fluorophores with extended emission wavelengths remains limited, and the underlying mechanisms of fluorescence quenching via the population of dark twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) excited states are not yet fully understood. To address these gaps, we synthesized a series of BOPAM derivatives by incorporating electron-donating groups at the boron atoms and the phenyl rings of the BOPAM core.

Silver Nanoparticles-Decorated Porous Silicon Microcavity as a High-Performance SERS Substrate for Ultrasensitive Detection of Trace-Level Molecules.

In this study, we present a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate based on porous silicon microcavities (PSiMCs) decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for ultra-sensitive molecule detection. This substrate utilizes a dual enhancement mechanism: the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of AgNPs and the optical resonance of the PSiMC structure, which together create intense electromagnetic hot spots and prolong photon-molecule interactions. The porous architecture provides a large surface area for uniform nanoparticle distribution and efficient analyte adsorption.

Burnout Syndrome and Sexual Disorders Among Vietnamese Female Nurses and Midwives at Tu Du Hospital: A Frontline Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Burnout syndrome has become a great concern worldwide in recent decades. It can also lead to a negative effect on quality of work, life, and sexual dysfunction. This study assesses the prevalence of burnout syndrome and its association with sexual dysfunction among female nurses and midwives at a frontline hospital.

Academic motivation in association with mental health and quality of life among medical and health science students: a survey in Vietnam.

Introduction: Academic motivation is crucial in education, it was also found to be associated with various health-relating factors, but it has yet to be well-applied in the admission process of most Vietnamese medical universities. This study aimed to describe students’ academic motivation and investigate the association between it and depression, anxiety, and quality of life at Hanoi Medical University.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on first and final year students of doctor and bachelor programs from October to November 2018 via a computer-based questionnaire.

Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in Children: Prevalence and Risk Factors From a Cross-Sectional Study in Dong Thap, Vietnam.

Background Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a common developmental enamel defect affecting the first permanent molars and incisors. It presents a range of clinical challenges, including hypersensitivity, enamel breakdown, and an increased risk of caries. In recent years, MIH has gained attention as a research topic, covering various aspects such as epidemiology, risk factors, impact on quality of life, and prevention and treatment guidelines.

Personalized mutation tracking in circulating-tumor DNA predicts recurrence in patients with high-risk early breast cancer.

The clinical utilization of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in breast cancer (BC) management is not well-defined. In this prospective study, 168 patients with early-stage BC were recruited, serial blood samples were collected before and after surgery. Tumor-informed ctDNA testing was performed, which sequenced tumors for 95 genes followed by bespoke mPCR to track 1-9 mutations in the plasma.

Heterogeneous 2D/2D MnO/MXene catalyst for nitrate-to-ammonia electrochemical reduction and Zn-nitrate battery behavior.

Ambient temperature electrochemical ammonia synthesis via nitrate reduction reaction (NORR) is a promising alternative to the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process but lacks effective electrocatalysts for practical applications. In this work, MnO 2D-nanoflakes are anchored onto 2D-MXene TiCT, forming a heterogeneous catalyst for NORR with an ammonia yield of 14.06 ± 0.

Eco-friendly and effectively glyphosate removal using novel banana peel-derived biopolymer-supported CoFeO activated peroxydisulfate: kinetic and mechanism insights.

In this work, an eco-friendly and novel heterogeneous catalyst deriving biopolymer extracted from banana peel for supporting CoFeO (CoFeO@BP-BiP) was successfully developed to activate peroxydisulfate (PDS) for mineralization removal of glyphosate (GP) herbicide from wastewater. GP mineralization performance, evaluating via COD removal efficiency, in CoFeO@BP-BiP/PDS system was compared with that in CoFeO/PDS system under various operational conditions. The chemical-physical properties were systematically analyzed to explore the mineralization mechanisms of GP.

Factors Associated With Intention to Quit Among Male Smokers in Vietnam: Results From the Vietnam Population-Based Provincial Global Adult Tobacco Survey in 2022-2023.

This study seeks to extensively examine the intentions of Vietnamese male smokers to quit, delving into key factors associated with their inclination toward smoking cessation to gain insights to inform and enhance tobacco control initiatives in the country. The data in this cross-sectional study was informed by the Vietnam Provincial Global Adult Tobacco Survey (PGATS) 2022-2023. A total of 35 974 male smokers aged 15 years and older from 30 provinces and cities in Vietnam were surveyed regarding their intentions to quit.

Temperature alters the inotropic and chronotropic effect of D-dopamine receptor stimulation in the mammalian atrium.

We studied how hypothermia and hyperthermia may change the efficacy and/or potency of dopamine to augment the force of contraction in atria of mice with cardiac overexpression of the human D-dopamine receptor (D-TG). We measured the force of contraction on paced (1 Hz) left atria and spontaneously beating right atria of these D-TG mice in vitro. The intrinsic heart beat in the right atria from D-TG mice lowered when we reduced the temperature (24 °C, hypothermia) and elevated when we raised the temperature (42 °C, hyperthermia) in the organ baths.

Contractile Effects of Histamine in Mice Overexpressing H1-Histamine and H2-Histamine Receptors in the Atrium.

To identify the functional roles of human H1-histamine and H2-histamine receptors when they coexist in the heart, we crossbred mice that overexpressed human H1-histamine receptors only in the heart (H1-TG) with mice that overexpressed human H2-histamine receptors only in the heart (H2-TG) to obtain double transgenic mice (H1xH2-TG) and compared them with wild type (WT) mice. We measured the force of contraction (FOC) in isolated, electrically stimulated left atrial (LA) preparations and spontaneously beating right atrial (RA) preparations. We noted that when cumulatively applied (1 nM - 30 µM), histamine did not affect the force of contraction in the LA of WT mice.

The Dark State, Vibronic Coupling, and Viscosity Sensing of Methoxylated Benzoyl Coumarins.

The 8/6-methoxylated 3-benzoyl coumarins (BC8 and BC6) are synthesized and demonstrated potential as a viscosity-sensitive fluorescent probe. To date, the mechanism of viscosity sensing has predominantly been attributed to a twisted intramolecular charge transfer effect. However, the observed fluorescence quenching is better ascribed to the presence of a dark charge transfer (CT) state.

Parkinson's disease and metabolic disorders, understanding their shared co-morbidity through the autonomic nervous system.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and nonmotor dysfunctions. Its pathological hallmark is the aggregation of ɑ-synuclein in the central nervous system (CNS), leading to widespread loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Interestingly, metabolic disorders localized in the periphery, such as diabetes mellitus, frequently co-occur with PD.

Multigenerational ecotoxicity of tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate to the tropical water flea Ceriodaphnia cornuta and probabilistic ecological risk assessment in freshwater environments.

The widespread use of the organophosphorus flame retardant tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) and its presence in aquatic environments pose a hazard to wildlife. This study investigates the chronic ecotoxicity of TBOEP at environmentally relevant concentrations (6 ± 0.7 µg L) in the tropical water flea Ceriodaphnia cornuta over seven generations.

Multigenerational testing reveals delayed chronic toxicity of bisphenol A to Daphnia magna: A common characteristic of endocrine-disrupting chemicals?

Bisphenol A (BPA) poses longstanding environmental concerns due to its widespread presence and recognized toxicity; however, its multigenerational ecotoxicity, in aquatic models such as water fleas, remains incompletely understood. This study examined the impact of sublethal BPA exposure on Daphnia magna across six generations, tracking changes in both life-history and population traits. Over the first five generations, BPA exposure produced minor and inconsistent effects on age at first oogenesis, age at first offspring production, growth rate, and fertility.

Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complex and D-Dimer Concentrations Between Patients at Low and High Risk of Venous Thromboembolism Before Delivery According to RCOG Score Assessment: An Observational Study Among 100 Third-Trimester Vietnamese Pregnancies.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is related to maternal mortality, especially after the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (RCOG) guidelines' risk assessment score has been established to reduce thrombotic complications during pregnancy. Recently, it was found that the soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC) could be an alternative to D-dimer (DD), which has been used to assess the risk of VTE.

HC-Pro inhibits HEN1 methyltransferase activity, leading to autophagic degradation of AGO1.

Helper-component proteinase (HC-Pro), encoded by potyviruses, function as viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs). Despite their conserved role, HC-Pros share approximately 40% similarity, implying potential differences in VSR efficiency, particularly in their ability to inhibit HEN1 methyltransferase activity. This study investigated the inhibitory potential of HC-Pros from different potyviruses in transgenic plants.

HSV-1 UL56 protein recruits cellular NEDD4-family ubiquitin ligases to suppress CD1d expression and NKT cell function.

Unlabelled: Herpesviruses, including α-herpesvirus and herpes simplex virus (HSV-1), are masters of immune evasion. Previously we demonstrated that CD1d-restricted NKT cells are required for optimal anti-HSV-1 immune responses and HSV-1 efficiently downregulates CD1d to suppress NKT cell function. To delineate how the virus evades NKT cell function and establishes infection , we screened an HSV-1 expression library to identify the viral gene(s) downregulating CD1d and discovered that a leaky late gene, UL56, most efficiently suppresses CD1d expression by degrading the protein, apparently via both proteasome- and lysosome-dependent pathways.

Effect of cooking temperature and time on the quality and safety of hemp seed oil.

Hemp seed oil, known for its abundance in polyunsaturated fatty acids, is considered an emerging nutritious alternative to conventional edible oils available in the market. However, the knowledge about the oil quality and stability during cooking is limited. The impact of different cooking temperatures (170 °C, 190 °C, 210 °C, 230 °C) and times (15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h) on the fatty acid profiles and physicochemical properties (peroxide and acid values) of three types of hemp seed oil (original hemp oil, garlic infused hemp oil, chili infused hemp oil) were investigated in this study.

Heteroaryl-Fused Triazapentalenes: Synthesis and Aggregation-Induced Emission.

A pyridine-fused triazapentalene shows weak fluorescence in solution and is readily accessible via nitrene-mediated cyclization. In this study, a modified Cadogan reaction was used to synthesize . Palladium-catalyzed reactions have been used as post-functionalization methods.