Clinical impact of combination of lesion-border findings and pit patterns for identifying invasive versus non-invasive neoplastic lesions in ulcerative colitis.

Background And Aims: Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) have a high incidence of colorectal neoplasia. Kudo's pit pattern is useful for assessing the depth of colorectal neoplasia in the general population; however, its application in UC-associated neoplasia is limited. Inaccurate preoperative depth diagnosis may lead to positive resection margins and perforation.

Long-term impact of computer-aided adenoma detection: a prospective observational study.

Computer-aided detection (CADe) systems have improved the adenoma detection rate (ADR); however, concerns about its long-term effect on endoscopists' performance without CADe and potential deskilling remain unaddressed. This study evaluated the impact of CADe on the learning curve of endoscopists for adenoma detection.This propensity score-matching, prospective, single-center, observational study was conducted from January 2021 to December 2023.

Usefulness of the Bridge Formation Method for Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Propensity Score-Matched Study.

Aims: Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become a standard treatment for superficial colorectal neoplasms worldwide. However, challenges remain in achieving dissection at the precise layer. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a novel ESD technique involving natural traction, referred to as the bridge formation method (BFM).

Combination of white-light imaging-based and narrow-band imaging-based artificial intelligence models during colonoscopy in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Background And Aims: The long-term treat-to-target (T2T) approach in ulcerative colitis (UC) aims for endoscopic remission, but variability among endoscopists and a lack of precision in relapse prediction both limit its clinical usefulness. A recently reported white-light imaging (WLI) artificial intelligence (AI) model helps standardize diagnosis, although challenges remain. Therefore, we attempted to combine a narrow-band imaging (NBI) AI model with the WLI AI model to determine whether these challenges can be overcome.

High pyrethroid resistance is associated with high frequencies of 1014F and 1014S kdr mutations in Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Malaria remains a major public health threat in Burkina Faso, as in most sub-Saharan Africa countries. Malaria control relies mainly on long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying. In Burkina Faso, an escalating of insecticide resistance has been observed over the last decades.

Three years of insecticide resistance evolution and associated mechanisms in Aedes aegypti populations of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Background: Resistance to insecticides is spreading among populations of Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of important human arboviruses. The escalating insecticide resistance poses a significant threat to dengue vector control, with an expanding number of countries affected by the disease. To gain a deeper insight into the evolution of insecticide resistance, it is essential to have longitudinal surveillance results, which are currently lacking, particularly from African Ae.

Impact of computer-aided characterization for diagnosis of colorectal lesions, including sessile serrated lesions: Multireader, multicase study.

Objectives: Computer-aided characterization (CADx) may be used to implement optical biopsy strategies into colonoscopy practice; however, its impact on endoscopic diagnosis remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the additional diagnostic value of CADx when used by endoscopists for assessing colorectal polyps.

Methods: This was a single-center, multicase, multireader, image-reading study using randomly extracted images of pathologically confirmed polyps resected between July 2021 and January 2022.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal neoplasms: Risk factors for local recurrence and long-term surveillance.

Objectives: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an effective procedure for the en bloc resection of colorectal neoplasms. However, risk factors for local recurrence after ESD have not been identified. This study aimed to evaluate such risk factors after ESD for colorectal neoplasms.

Association of 410L, 1016I and 1534C kdr mutations with pyrethroid resistance in Aedes aegypti from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, and development of a one-step multiplex PCR method for the simultaneous detection of 1534C and 1016I kdr mutations.

Background: Since 2000, Burkina Faso has experienced regular dengue cases and outbreaks, making dengue an increasingly important health concern for the country. Previous studies in Burkina Faso reported that resistance of Aedes aegypti to pyrethroid insecticides was associated with the F1534C and V1016I kdr mutations. The current study reports high resistance of Ae.

Effectiveness of Rapid Antigen Testing in Forensic Cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection, Including Delta Variant.

The polymerase chain reaction is indispensable for diagnosing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in forensic cases. However, studies regarding the effectiveness of rapid antigen testing (RAT) in forensic cases remain limited. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy of RAT compared with reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for confirming SARS-CoV-2 infection (including the delta variant).

Changes in halitosis value before and after Helicobacter pylori eradication: A single-institutional prospective study.

Background And Aim: Although patients report either improved or worsened halitosis after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy, such complaints are subjective. Only a few studies have objectively evaluated reports of changes in halitosis after H. pylori eradication; thus, this study aimed to investigate these changes after a successful H.

A method of sequential liquid dispensing for the multiplexed genetic diagnosis of viral infections in a microfluidic device.

In this study, we introduce polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based microfluidic devices capable of sequential dispensing of samples into multiple reaction microchambers in a single operation to provide a fast and easy sample-to-answer platform for multiplexed genetic diagnosis of multiple viral infectious diseases. This approach utilizes the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method to amplify and detect specific nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) targets. We present a microfluidic flow control theory for sequential liquid dispensing phenomena, which provides design guidelines for device optimization.

Safety and tolerability of medicinal parasite ova (Trichuris suis) in healthy Japanese volunteers: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Trichuris suis ova (TSO), with the potential to modulate the human immune system, have been tested for therapeutic application in autoimmune and allergic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Previous clinical studies were limited to European and American participants, whereas Asian populations have not been well documented. In this study, a clinical trial was conducted to examine the safety and tolerability of TSO administration among a healthy Japanese population.

Trends of sulfur and nitrogen deposition from 2003 to 2017 in Japanese remote areas.

Emissions of sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) compounds in East Asia has drastically changed over the last two decades. To assess the influence of the drastic changes in air pollution on ecosystems in Japan, we investigated the trends of S and N deposition during 2003-2017 at remote sites of Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET). We measured wet deposition and inferentially estimated dry deposition of S and N using monitoring data from 2003 to 2017 at eight sites.

Nitrogen burden from atmospheric deposition in East Asian oceans in 2010 based on high-resolution regional numerical modeling.

East Asian oceans are possibly affected by a high nitrogen (N) burden because of the intense anthropogenic emissions in this region. Based on high-resolution regional chemical transport modeling with horizontal grid scales of 36 and 12 km, we investigated the N burden into East Asian oceans via atmospheric deposition in 2010. We found a high N burden of 2-9 kg N ha yr over the Yellow Sea, East China Sea (ECS), and Sea of Japan.

Intensive diagnostic management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in academic settings in Japan: challenge and future.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), first emerged in Wuhan, China, and has spread globally to most countries. In Japan, the first COVID-19 patient was identified on January 15, 2020. By June 30, the total number of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 reached 18,000.

Endocytoscopic intramucosal capillary network changes and crypt architecture abnormalities can predict relapse in patients with an ulcerative colitis Mayo endoscopic score of 1.

Objectives: Recent studies have suggested the necessity of therapeutic intervention for patients with ulcerative colitis at high risk of clinical relapse with a Mayo endoscopic score (MES) of 1. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to demonstrate the impact of intramucosal capillary network changes and crypt architecture abnormalities to stratify the risk of relapse in patients with an MES of 1.

Methods: All included patients had an MES of ≤1 and confirmed sustained clinical remission between October 2016 and April 2019.

High frequencies of F1534C and V1016I mutations and association with pyrethroid resistance in from Somgandé (Ouagadougou), Burkina Faso.

Background: Resistance to pyrethroid insecticides involving mutations is widespread in (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) and potentially could impact control efforts in endemic countries. Dengue cases had been sporadic in Burkina Faso for over a decade prior to the 2016-2017 outbreak that resulted in 15,074 suspected cases and 36 deaths, mainly in Ouagadougou.

Clinicopathological features of T1 colorectal carcinomas with skip lymphovascular invasion.

With recent advances in endoscopic treatment, many T1 colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) are resected endoscopically with a negative margin. However, some lesions exhibit skip lymphovascular invasion (SLVI), which is defined as the discontinuous foci of the tumor cells within the colon wall. The aim of the present study was to reveal the clinicopathological features of T1 CRCs with SLVI and validate the Japanese guidelines regarding SLVI.

Management and risk factor of stenosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal neoplasms.

Background And Aim: Although endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) enables en bloc removal of large colorectal neoplasms, the incidence of stenosis after ESD and its risk factors have not been well described. This study aimed to determine the risk factors of stenosis and verify the surveillance and treatment of stenosis.

Methods: This retrospective study included 822 patients, with a total of 912 consecutive colorectal lesions, who underwent ESD from September 2003 to May 2015.

Molecular survey of Babesia infections in cattle from different areas of Myanmar.

Cattle babesiosis is one of the most important tick-borne diseases worldwide. The present study reports a molecular survey of Babesia infections in cattle in Myanmar. Nested PCR assays based on the Babesia bigemina apical membrane antigen-1 gene (AMA-1) and B.

A TeGM6-4r antigen-based immunochromatographic test (ICT) for animal trypanosomosis.

Animal trypanosomosis is a disease that is distributed worldwide which results in huge economic losses due to reduced animal productivity. Endemic regions are often located in the countryside where laboratory diagnosis is costly or inaccessible. The establishment of simple, effective, and accurate field tests is therefore of great interest to the farming and veterinary sectors.

Molecular prevalence and genetic diversity of bovine Theileria orientalis in Myanmar.

Theileria orientalis is a causative agent of benign theileriosis in cattle and distributed in mainly Asian countries. In the present study, we examined the prevalence of T. orientalis infection by PCR based on the major piroplasm surface protein gene (MPSP) sequences in cattle in Myanmar, followed by phylogenetic analysis of the MPSP genes.