Long-term impact of computer-aided adenoma detection: a prospective observational study.

Computer-aided detection (CADe) systems have improved the adenoma detection rate (ADR); however, concerns about its long-term effect on endoscopists' performance without CADe and potential deskilling remain unaddressed. This study evaluated the impact of CADe on the learning curve of endoscopists for adenoma detection.This propensity score-matching, prospective, single-center, observational study was conducted from January 2021 to December 2023.

Development of a rapid and novel diagnostic technique for cardiac amyloidosis using Raman spectroscopy.

Although the prognosis of cardiac amyloidosis has improved with the development of therapies, the time required for disease typing remains a critical issue. We investigated the potential of Raman spectroscopy for the more rapid diagnosis and typing of cardiac amyloidosis. Heart biopsies were collected from patients with the AL (4) and ATTR (4) types of cardiac amyloidosis, and tissue sections were subjected to Raman microscopy.

Imaging in plasma cell disorders-consensus recommendations of the Asian myeloma network bone imaging workgroup.

The role of imaging in accurate classification and management of plasma cell disorders is substantial with the increasing evidence in the ability of cross-sectional imaging to identify disease related manifestations. International myeloma working group and nation-wide guidelines provide recommendations for guiding practice. However, there are remarkable variations in practice globally and in particular, adoption of incorrect imaging techniques due to lack of awareness/education, lack of equipment or personnel and resource constraints.

Candida auris clade I isolates from ear discharge in Japan demonstrated comparable virulence to invasive clade I isolates against Galleria mellonella.

Introduction: Candida auris is one of the most serious fungal pathogens in the world due to its characteristics of multidrug resistance and causing outbreaks in hospitals. Based on genetic analysis through whole-genome sequencing, C. auris has been classified into four major clades.

Whole-Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomic Analysis of Three Clinical Bloodstream Infection Isolates of .

is a recently described yeast species related to and exclusively isolated from clinical specimens. However, its genomic features and pathogenic potential remain poorly understood. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing on three blood-derived isolates from patients with invasive fungal infections and comparative analyses with 13 related species.

Usefulness of the Bridge Formation Method for Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Propensity Score-Matched Study.

Aims: Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become a standard treatment for superficial colorectal neoplasms worldwide. However, challenges remain in achieving dissection at the precise layer. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a novel ESD technique involving natural traction, referred to as the bridge formation method (BFM).

Microbiological characteristics and drug resistance rates of Candida auris isolates in Japan.

Candida auris (C. auris) was initially isolated from a Japanese patient, and this species is an emerging fungus nowadays owing to its long-term colonization capabilities and high resistance to antifungal drugs. However, accurate domestic epidemiology of C.

Detection of Hematological Malignancies Using N-NOSE (Nematode-NOSE).

Hematological malignancies often lack defined risk factors and present with non-specific symptoms, underscoring the urgent need for simple and reliable detection methods. To address this challenge, Hirotsu et al. innovated N-NOSE, a novel, non-invasive cancer screening test that utilizes the chemotaxis response of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to detect tumor-related odors in urine.

Gastrointestinal anaerobes and Enterococcus faecalis promote Candida glabrata gastrointestinal colonization and organ dissemination.

Background: Candida glabrata is a common causative pathogen of endogenous candidiasis. It is assumed that the gastrointestinal flora affects C. glabrata gastrointestinal colonization and organ dissemination in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).

Elotuzumab-mediated ADCC with Th1-like Vγ9Vδ2 T cells to disrupt myeloma-osteoclast interaction.

Multiple myeloma (MM) cells and osteoclasts (OCs) activate with each other to cause drug resistance. Human Th1-like Vγ9Vδ2 (γδ) T cells, important effectors against tumors, can be expanded and activated ex vivo by the aminobisphosphonate zoledronic acid in combination with IL-2. We previously reported that the expanded γδ T cells effectively targeted and killed OCs as well as MM cells.

Quality of skeletal muscles during allogeneic stem-cell transplantation: a pilot study.

Objectives: This study investigated the muscle fat fraction (FF) and muscle-related parameters before and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Methods: Fat and water signals were derived from the in-phase and out-of-phase MR signal intensities of the pelvis and thigh using the two-point Dixon technique. They were analysed using Synapse Vincent, and muscle quality was evaluated using the FF.

Progressive Severe Hemophagocytic Syndrome due to Disseminated Histoplasmosis in a Patient with HIV-1 Infection.

Histoplasmosis is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum and is prevalent in areas of the world where H. capsulatum is endemic. We herein report a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) who developed histoplasmosis from a non-H.

Basic Research on Candida Species.

Candida species are common human pathogens that cause a wide range of diseases ranging from superficial to invasive candidiasis. However, basic studies focusing on the mechanisms underlying these diseases are limited. This article reviews our previous research on the mechanisms of superficial and invasive candidiasis, the virulence of Candida species, and Candida species fitness to hosts.

Gold-Catalyzed Heteroannulation of Anthranilic Acids with Alkynes: Synthesis of 3,1-Benzoxazin-4-ones.

We demonstrated a rapid and facile approach for the synthesis of various 3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones via a gold-catalyzed heteroannulation of readily available nonprotected anthranilic acids and simple aryl alkynes. Our preliminary mechanistic investigation indicated that the double incorporation of alkynes into anthranilic acids occurs through the formation of bisenamine intermediates.

Palladium-Catalyzed Heteroannulation of Salicylamides with Propargyl Carbonates: Synthesis of 1,4-Benzoxazepin-5-ones.

Herein, we report a palladium-catalyzed method to synthesize 1,4-benzoxazepin-5-ones using salicylamides and propargyl carbonates. The heteroannulation provides a wide range of products in good to excellent yields with broad functional group tolerance. In addition, HO is used as a low-cost, abundant, and safe solvent, which is important in terms of sustainability.

Inflammatory Cytokine-Induced Muscle Atrophy and Weakness Can Be Ameliorated by an Inhibition of TGF-β-Activated Kinase-1.

Chronic inflammation causes muscle wasting. Because most inflammatory cytokine signals are mediated via TGF-β-activated kinase-1 (TAK1) activation, inflammatory cytokine-induced muscle wasting may be ameliorated by the inhibition of TAK1 activity. The present study was undertaken to clarify whether TAK1 inhibition can ameliorate inflammation-induced muscle wasting.

Toxoplasmic encephalitis with high Tl uptake and retention mimicking malignant lymphoma in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Various opportunistic infections develop during immunodeficiency due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The treatment options for malignant lymphoma (ML) and toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) are completely different; therefore, their discrimination is critical. A 25-year-old female of foreign nationality had been experiencing headaches for several weeks and suddenly developed convulsions.

Ex vivo expansion and activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells by CELMoDs in combination with zoledronic acid.

As multiple myeloma (MM) progresses, immune effector cells decrease in number and function and become exhausted. This remains an insurmountable clinical issue that must be addressed by development of novel modalities to revitalize anti-MM immunity. Human Vγ9Vδ2 T (Vδ2 γδ T) cells serve as the first line of defense against pathogens as well as tumors and can be expanded ex vivo from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) upon treatment with amino-bisphosphonates in combination with IL-2.