Redlining, gentrification, and Black American mental health: A scoping review.

Racialized housing discrimination has important implications for the mental health of Black American populations. This scoping review, conducted from May to December 2022, summarized key definitions and measurement approaches relevant to redlining and gentrification and their impact on the mental health of Black adults in the United States. Interdisciplinary research databases were searched (PudMed, SCOPUS, Sociological Abstracts, PsycINFO), and a two-stage review of articles was conducted in Covidence.

Police Avoidance and Depressive Symptoms Among Black Youth.

Objective: Police violence is a public health crisis that disproportionately impacts Black youth, worsens their mental health, and potentially heightens their efforts to circumvent police surveillance (ie, police avoidance). Even so, the link between Black youths' police avoidance and depressive symptoms has yet to be empirically examined. The present study examined this association, adjusting for police violence stress and diverse police exposures.

Longitudinal study of adolescent stress, critical consciousness and resilience trajectories in the context of structural racism: the RISE Baltimore study protocol.

Introduction: Systemic racism exposes Black and Latinx adolescents to a range of traumatic stressors that increase the risk for long-term emotional and behavioural health (EBH) problems. Researchers have theorised that -awareness of societal inequities and engagement in action to promote social justice-may serve as a protective factor that promotes youth well-being. There are few rigorous longitudinal research studies, however, that examine the development of CC among adolescents, the association over time of CC with EBH and the potential of CC to protect against harmful effects of race-related stress.

When youth record police: Investigating officer intrusion and mental health repercussions among Black youth in Baltimore City, Maryland.

Rationale: Recording the police is a high-stakes racial justice issue for minoritized youth and communities. No studies to date have explored youths' efforts to record police and the mental health impacts of these experiences for youth.

Objective: This study examined the features and mental health repercussions of in-person stops where youth attempted to record police.

Police Avoidance Among Black Youth.

Objectives: Police violence is a public health crisis that disproportionately impacts youth of color, particularly Black youth. These disparities may also compel Black youth to engage in police avoidance (ie, efforts to circumvent police contact and surveillance). Even so, research on Black youths' engagement in police avoidance is lacking.

The Voices on Vax Campaign: Lessons Learned from Engaging Youth to Promote COVID Vaccination.

Background: The Voices on Vax campaign was a collaborative effort that engaged youth to create an interactive website and social media presence to increase COVID vaccine confidence and uptake among African American families in Baltimore, Maryland.

Objectives: To describe lessons learned and offer recommendations for future health communication campaigns involving youth ambassadors and virtual platforms.

Methods: We collected website analytics and limited data from pop-up surveys on the Voices on Vax website, as well as reflections from the youth ambassadors about their experiences.

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Video Group Psychoeducational Intervention with Latina Immigrant Mothers to Enhance Infant Primary care.

Standard models of well-child care may not sufficiently address preventive health needs of immigrant families. To augment standard individual well-child care, we developed a virtual group-based psychoeducational intervention, designed to be delivered in Spanish as a single, stand-alone session to female caregivers of 0-6 month-olds. The intervention included a video testimonial of an individual who experienced perinatal depression followed by a facilitated discussion by the clinic social worker and an orientation to relevant community resources by a community health worker.

Police Violence Exposure and Traumatic Stress Among Youth: A Systematic Review.

Youth exposure to violence increases the risk of poor mental and physical health outcomes lasting into adulthood. Traumatic stress is an outcome of particular concern as the physiological stress response impacts the developing brain. Recently, youth exposure to police violence has been conceptualized as an adverse childhood experience that may impact traumatic stress.

A greening theory of change: How neighborhood greening impacts adolescent health disparities.

Neighborhoods are one of the key determinants of health disparities among young people in the United States. While neighborhood deprivation can exacerbate health disparities, amenities such as quality parks and greenspace can support adolescent health. Existing conceptual frameworks of greening-health largely focus on greenspace exposures, rather than greening interventions.

An Online Mindfulness Program for Teachers: A Feasibility Study of the DeStress Monday at School Program.

Objectives: Stress has deleterious effects on teachers' well-being and interactions with students. While in-person mindfulness programs have demonstrated benefits for teachers' mental health, in-person classes are often not feasible due to teachers' busy schedules. This study assessed four components of feasibility (implementation, demand, acceptability, and limited-efficacy testing) for an online mindfulness intervention for teachers.

Using Smartphone Survey and GPS Data to Inform Smoking Cessation Intervention Delivery: Case Study.

Background: Interest in quitting smoking is common among young adults who smoke, but it can prove challenging. Although evidence-based smoking cessation interventions exist and are effective, a lack of access to these interventions specifically designed for young adults remains a major barrier for this population to successfully quit smoking. Therefore, researchers have begun to develop modern, smartphone-based interventions to deliver smoking cessation messages at the appropriate place and time for an individual.

Perceived Benefits of Mindfulness and Health Education Programs for Minoritized Adolescents: A Qualitative Analysis.

Objectives: In the context of adverse social conditions, adolescents may not progress to adulthood with the emotional and behavioral skills needed to effectively navigate inevitable life challenges. Appropriately timed, evidence-based interventions have the potential to improve youth developmental trajectories. This qualitative study explored adolescents' perceptions of two different types of school-based programs designed to promote healthy development and decision-making: mindfulness and health education.

Exploring the Influence of a Mindfulness Intervention on the Experiences of Mothers with Infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Units.

Objectives: Mothers with infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are at increased risk of psychological distress, which can have lasting negative impacts on both mother and infant. However, few interventions are available to promote these mothers' mental health and wellbeing. In the context of a pilot randomized controlled trial testing a mindfulness intervention for mothers with infants in the NICU, we explore the experiences of the mothers participating in the mindfulness-based intervention, with mothers in the control group as comparison, and the ways they felt it influenced their time in the NICU.

Implementing Adolescent Wellbeing and Health Programs in Schools: Insights from a Mixed Methods and Multiple Informant Study.

Determining the factors that influence implementation of school-based wellbeing and health programs is essential for achieving desired program effects. Using a convergent mixed-methods, multiple informant design, this study considered factors that influence implementation of health programs for ninth grade students and in what ways implementation is differentially perceived by multiple informants (i.e.

Anticipation of Racially Motivated Police Brutality and Youth Mental Health.

Purpose: Exposure to police brutality is a significant risk to adolescent mental health. This study extends this literature by exploring connections between anticipation of racially motivated police brutality and multiple facets of adolescent mental health.

Methods: Students ages 14 to 18 ( = 151) were recruited from a study administered in Baltimore City public schools.

Examining Processes of Care Redesign: Direct Observation of Group Well-Child Care.

We sought to describe processes of psychosocial screening and discussion with immigrant Latino families in the context of group well-child care. We conducted longitudinal direct observations of the 1-, 2-, 4-, and 6-month visits of 7 group well-child care cohorts at an academic pediatric clinic using unstructured observations of visit and group processes as well as structured observations to code facilitators' behavior. A range of psychosocial and social determinants of health topics were incorporated into discussions.

Group well-child care model for Latino children in immigrant families: Adapting to and learning from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) context.

Introduction: Group well-child care (GWCC) is an alternative to traditional pediatric well-child care designed to increase parental social support and peer learning. This mixed methods study explored the adaptation and implementation of GWCC to a virtual format during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 pandemic) among Spanish-speaking Latino immigrant families.

Method: Interviews were conducted with eight providers and 10 mothers from May through September 2020.

Social and Relational Health Risks and Common Mental Health Problems Among US Children: The Mitigating Role of Family Resilience and Connection to Promote Positive Socioemotional and School-Related Outcomes.

Nearly 70% (67.6%) of US children with mental, emotional, and behavioral problems (MEB) experienced significant social health risks (SHR) and/or relational health risks (RHR). Shifts are needed in child mental health promotion, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment to address both RHR and SHR.

Specifying and Reporting Implementation Strategies Used in a School-Based Prevention Efficacy Trial.

Background: Implementation strategies used to enhance the implementation of interventions during efficacy and effectiveness studies are rarely reported. Tracking and reporting implementation strategies during these phases has potential to improve future research studies and real-world implementation. We present an exemplar of how this might be executed by specifying and reporting the implementation strategies that were used during a school-based efficacy trial, Project POWER, which tested a trauma-informed prevention program delivered by a university research team, community members, and school staff facilitators in 29 schools.

Confirming Profiles of Comorbid Psychological Symptoms in Urban Youth: Exploring Gender Differences and Trait Mindfulness.

Prior work has identified the need for replication of psychological research; however, validation efforts are rare. The purpose of the current study was to confirm latent profiles of comorbid psychological symptoms in an urban adolescent sample and examine differences in gender and trait mindfulness across these profiles. Cross-sectional data from 201 eighth grade students (63% female; M = 13.

Addressing Psychosocial Topics in Group Well-Child Care: A Multi-Method Study With Immigrant Latino Families.

Objective: Group Well-Child Care (GWCC) has been described as providing an opportunity to enhance well-being for vulnerable families experiencing psychosocial challenges. We sought to explore benefits and challenges to the identification and management of psychosocial concerns in Group Well-Child Care (GWCC) with immigrant Latino families.

Methods: We conducted a case study of GWCC at an urban academic general pediatric clinic serving predominantly Limited English Proficiency Latino families, combining visit observations, interviews, and surveys with Spanish-speaking mothers participating in GWCC, and interviews with providers delivering GWCC.

Changing the paradigm: Using strategic communications to promote recognition of child sexual abuse as a preventable public health problem.

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is common, severe, and substantively contributes to the global burden of disease through its impact on physical, mental, and behavioral health problems. While CSA is preventable through non-justice system response efforts, the vast majority of resources support criminal justice efforts to identify, prosecute, punish and monitor offenders after CSA has already occurred. Policy makers have not supported CSA prevention efforts in part because the public does not view CSA as a preventable public health problem.