Assessing the association between household air pollution exposure and child heath in Mongolia: a birth-cohort study.

Children in Mongolia are exposed to harmful levels of household air pollution (HAP) due to a high reliance on coal for indoor cooking and heating. This study aims to assess the association between HAP and child health outcomes, in a birth cohort from Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. A composite HAP measure was created using information on cooking and heating fuels and behaviours collected as part of a randomised control trial assessing the impact of swaddling on child health.

Scaling Family Voices and Engagement to Measure and Improve Systems Performance and Whole Child Health: Progress and Lessons from the Child and Adolescent Health Measurement Initiative.

Background: The 1997 legislation authorizing the United States Child Health Insurance Program sparked progress to measure and publicly report on children's healthcare services quality and system performance. To meet the moment, the national Child and Adolescent Health Measurement Initiative (CAHMI) public-private collaboration was launched to put families at the center of defining, measuring and using healthcare performance information to drive improved services quality and outcomes.

Methods: Since 1996 the CAHMI followed an intentional path of collaborative action to (1) articulate shared goals for child health and advance a comprehensive, life-course and outcomes-based healthcare performance measurement and reporting framework; (2) collaborate with families, providers, payers and government agencies to specify, validate and support national, state and local use of dozens of framework aligned measures; (3) create novel public-facing digital data query, collection and reporting tools that liberate data findings for use by families, providers, advocates, policymakers, the media and researchers (Data Resource Center, Well Visit Planner); and (4) generate field building research and systems change agendas and frameworks (Prioritizing Possibilities, Engagement In Action) to catalyze prevention, flourishing and healing centered, trauma-informed, whole child and family engaged approaches, integrated systems and supportive financing and policies.

Toward Measurement for a Whole Child Health Policy: Validity and National and State Prevalence of the Integrated Child Risk Index.

Objective: To develop, validate and estimate national and across state prevalence on a multidimensional index that assesses the complex medical, social, and relational health risks experienced by United States children.

Methods: Data from the National Survey of Children's Health were used to construct the Integrated Child Risk Index (ICRI) which includes medical health risk (MHR), social health risk (SHR) and relational health risk (RHR) domains. Confirmatory factor analysis and logistic regression analyses were employed to assess construct and predictive validity.

Social and Relational Health Risks and Common Mental Health Problems Among US Children: The Mitigating Role of Family Resilience and Connection to Promote Positive Socioemotional and School-Related Outcomes.

Nearly 70% (67.6%) of US children with mental, emotional, and behavioral problems (MEB) experienced significant social health risks (SHR) and/or relational health risks (RHR). Shifts are needed in child mental health promotion, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment to address both RHR and SHR.

Physical Distancing With Social Connectedness.

In light of concerns over the potential detrimental effects of declining care continuity, and the need for connection between patients and health care providers, our multidisciplinary group considered the possible ways that relationships might be developed in different kinds of health care encounters.We were surprised to discover many avenues to invest in relationships, even in non-continuity consultations, and how meaningful human connections might be developed even in telehealth visits. Opportunities range from the quality of attention or the structure of the time during the visit, to supporting relationship development in how care is organized at the local or system level and in the use of digital encounters.

Positive Childhood Experiences and Adult Mental and Relational Health in a Statewide Sample: Associations Across Adverse Childhood Experiences Levels.

Importance: Associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and risks for adult depression, poor mental health, and insufficient social and emotional support have been documented. Less is known about how positive childhood experiences (PCEs) co-occur with and may modulate the effect of ACEs on adult mental and relational health.

Objective: To evaluate associations between adult-reported PCEs and (1) adult depression and/or poor mental health (D/PMH) and (2) adult-reported social and emotional support (ARSES) across ACEs exposure levels.

Family Resilience And Connection Promote Flourishing Among US Children, Even Amid Adversity.

The outcome of flourishing and its predictors have not been well documented among US children, especially those who face adversity. Using data for 2016 and 2017 from the National Survey of Children's Health, we determined the prevalence and predictors of flourishing among US children ages 6-17. A three-item index included indicators of flourishing: children's interest and curiosity in learning new things, persistence in completing tasks, and capacity to regulate emotions.

Methods to Assess Adverse Childhood Experiences of Children and Families: Toward Approaches to Promote Child Well-being in Policy and Practice.

Background: Advances in human development sciences point to tremendous possibilities to promote healthy child development and well-being across life by proactively supporting safe, stable and nurturing family relationships (SSNRs), teaching resilience, and intervening early to promote healing the trauma and stress associated with disruptions in SSNRs. Assessing potential disruptions in SSNRs, such as adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), can contribute to assessing risk for trauma and chronic and toxic stress. Asking about ACEs can help with efforts to prevent and attenuate negative impacts on child development and both child and family well-being.

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Resilience and Mindfulness-Based Approaches: Common Denominator Issues for Children with Emotional, Mental, or Behavioral Problems.

US children with emotional, mental, or behavioral conditions (EMB) have disproportionate exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). There are theoretic and empirical explanations for early and lifelong physical, mental, emotional, educational, and social impacts of the resultant trauma and chronic stress. Using mindfulness-based, mind-body approaches (MBMB) may strengthen families and promote child resilience and success.

Complementary and conventional medicine use among youth with recurrent headaches.

Objective: To identify prevalence and patterns of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among youth with recurrent headaches (HA) and evaluate associations with co-occurring health problems and limitations as well as with the use and expenditures for conventional medical care.

Methods: Variables were constructed for youth aged 10 to 17 by using linked data from the 2007 National Health Interview Survey and the 2008 Medical Expenditures Panel Survey. Bivariate, logistic, and 2-part regression analyses were used.

Factors promoting or potentially impeding school success: disparities and state variations for children with special health care needs.

School success predicts many pathways for health and well-being across the life span. Factors promoting or potentially impeding school success are critical to understand for all children and for children with special health care needs (CSHCN), whose life course trajectories are already impacted by their chronic health problems. The 2007 National Survey of Children's Health was used (1) to estimate national and state prevalence and within and across states disparities in factors promoting school success (engagement, participation, safety) or potentially impeding success (missing school, grade repetition, school identified problems) for all children and CSHCN and (2) to evaluate associations with CSHCN service need complexity and presence of emotional, behavioral or developmental problems (EBD) as well as with school case management policies in states.

National, state, and local disparities in childhood obesity.

New data from the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health show that the percentage of children ages 10-17 who are overweight (body mass index in the eighty-fifth to ninety-fourth percentiles) remained stable, while the national prevalence of obesity (BMI in the ninety-fifth percentile and higher) grew significantly, from 14.8 percent in 2003 to 16.4 percent in 2007.