Police Contact and Mental Health Among Adolescents With Autism: Findings From the UK Millennium Cohort Study.

Purpose: The present study examines differences in police contact and mental health outcomes between autistic and nonautistic youth in the United Kingdom.

Methods: Data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study-a nationally representative cohort study that follows youth born between September 2000 and January 2002-were analyzed in 2024 (n = 11,859). Prior police contact, engagement in self-harm behaviors, and assessments of well-being and mental health were compared at age 14 (Sweep 6, 2015) and age 17 (Sweep 7, 2018) between autistic and nonautistic youth.

Early Life Violent Victimisation and Dental Care Use From Adolescence Through Adulthood.

Objectives: This study examined the relationship between early-life violent victimisation and dental care utilisation patterns from adolescence to middle adulthood (ages 11-43).

Methods: Data were from Waves I through V of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). Group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM) was used to examine patterns of dental care use across five waves, spanning ages 11-43.

Prior incarceration and food insecurity trajectories through older adulthood: findings from the Health and Retirement Study.

Introduction: Prior cross-sectional research has identified incarceration as a risk factor for food insecurity across the life course. However, there is a lack of longitudinal studies on the relationship between prior incarceration and food insecurity over time.

Methods: This study uses biennial data across 10 time points from the Health and Retirement Study (years 2012-2022) to examine the association between prior incarceration and longitudinal trajectories of food insecurity among adults aged 55 and older in the USA (N=8229).

Police Avoidance and Depressive Symptoms Among Black Youth.

Objective: Police violence is a public health crisis that disproportionately impacts Black youth, worsens their mental health, and potentially heightens their efforts to circumvent police surveillance (ie, police avoidance). Even so, the link between Black youths' police avoidance and depressive symptoms has yet to be empirically examined. The present study examined this association, adjusting for police violence stress and diverse police exposures.

Trends and Disparities in Firearm Injuries Among Emerging Adults: A 15-Year Analysis of Emergency Department Admissions in the U.S.

Introduction: Firearm injuries in the U.S. are rising, with emerging adults (aged 18-24 years) experiencing disproportionately high rates of fatal and nonfatal incidents.

Violent victimization trajectories over the life course and past year dental care use in adulthood in the United States.

Objectives: Exposure to violence has been linked to poorer health outcomes and reduced healthcare utilization. Yet research has not assessed how patterns of violent victimization over the life course are associated with dental care use. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the relationship between violent victimization trajectories from adolescence to adulthood and dental care use in adulthood.

Firearm Violence and Dental Health: A Neighborhood Analysis in 100 U.S. Cities, 2014-2022.

Introduction: This study examined the relationship between community-level firearm violence and dental health, focusing on dental care utilization and edentulism (i.e., total tooth loss) .

Dental care trajectories among formerly incarcerated older adults in the United States.

A growing body of research has documented an association between prior incarceration and lower dental care use, yet the longitudinal impact of prior incarceration on dental care patterns over time among older adults remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate whether prior incarceration is associated with differing trajectories of dental care use among older adults in the United States. Data were drawn from the 2012-2020 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative longitudinal survey of older adults in the United States (n =  5,893).

When youth record police: Investigating officer intrusion and mental health repercussions among Black youth in Baltimore City, Maryland.

Rationale: Recording the police is a high-stakes racial justice issue for minoritized youth and communities. No studies to date have explored youths' efforts to record police and the mental health impacts of these experiences for youth.

Objective: This study examined the features and mental health repercussions of in-person stops where youth attempted to record police.

Criminal Legal System Experiences Among Families Receiving Home Visiting Services: A Scoping Review of the Literature.

Each year, millions of families with children in the United States (US) come into contact with the criminal legal system (CLS), the deleterious consequences of which are well documented. Families exposed to the CLS often face many stressors and may benefit from supports and services designed to enhance parent-child relationships and connect them to health-promoting resources and services. Early childhood family home visiting (FHV) is a two-generation strategy to support pregnant women and families with infants and young children, many of whom encounter the CLS.

Historical redlining and criminal offending trajectories from adolescence to adulthood.

Purpose: Area-level research finds higher contemporary crime rates in historically redlined communities. However, there is a lack of multilevel research assessing the relationship between living in a historically redlined area, individual patterns of criminal offending over time, and whether this relationship varies for different racial-ethnic groups.

Methods: Data are from Waves I, III, IV, and V of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n = 7843; ages 11-44), including recently digitized 1930s redlining maps from the Home Owners' Loan Corporation.

Police Contact and the Mental Health of Young Adults in the United States.

Purpose: This study investigated mental health outcomes among young adults who experienced direct police contact - including unfair or aggressive policing - in the past year.

Methods: Data came from 2019 participants enrolled in the nationally representative 2021 Transition to Adulthood Supplement of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Descriptive analyses provided population-based prevalence estimates of police contact measures (including being stopped unfairly, being frisked or searched, and officer verbal or physical aggression) in the overall sample and stratified by key sociodemographic factors.

Adverse childhood experiences and firearm storage patterns.

This study investigates the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and firearm storage practices among adults in firearm-owning households using data from the 2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) across Nevada, New Jersey, Oregon, and Virginia. Findings from multiple logistic regression analyses reveal that relative to respondents with 0 ACEs, 2-3 ACEs (Adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 1.48, 95 % Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.

Self-Directed Violence Among Black Young Adults with Negative Police Experiences.

The current study assessed associations between negative experiences with police and self-directed violence (SDV) among a United States (US) sample of Black young adults ages 18-29 reporting lifetime police stops. Data come from the "INtervening on Self-Harm and Policing to Increase Racial Equity" (INSPIRE) survey (N = 672) and were collected between December 2023 and March 2024. This high-risk sample exhibited elevated rates of self-harm ideation or NSSI (27.

Adverse childhood experiences and defensive gun use: The indirect role of threat sensitivity and depressive symptoms.

Background/purpose: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked to various detrimental life outcomes, including an increase in threat sensitivity and depressive symptoms. Studies have also found an association between ACEs and firearm ownership. To date, no study has assessed whether ACEs have direct or indirect effects on defensive gun use (DGU) through these risk factors.

Family criminal legal system exposure and early adolescents' pubertal development: The mediating role of family strain.

Pubertal trends, wherein adolescents today are experiencing puberty earlier than prior generations, have coincided with the expansion of the criminal legal system, which is disproportionately impacting communities of color. However, whether pubertal development and criminal legal system exposure among adolescents are inter-related is unknown. We tested whether family members' criminal legal system exposure predicted adolescents' pubertal development, whether family strain explained the relation between criminal legal system exposure and pubertal development, and whether race/ethnicity moderated our results.

The Role of "The Talk" and Its Themes in Black Youths' Anticipatory Stress of Police Brutality.

Background And Objectives: Research on conversations between caregivers and their children about how to prepare or conduct themselves when stopped by police (ie, "the talk") has grown in recent years. However, little is known about how having "the talk" may influence youths' stress about future experiences of police brutality (ie, anticipatory stress of police brutality). The objective of the present study is to examine how youths' anticipatory stress regarding police brutality varies by whether they have had "the talk" with their caregivers.

The Impact of Prior Incarceration on Cognitive Trajectories Among Older Adults: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study.

Objectives: This study examines the association between prior incarceration and cognition trajectories among older adults in the United States.

Methods: Data are from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative longitudinal survey of older adults in the United States. The analysis included respondents aged 55 and older who participated in the 2012-2020 HRS surveys and had valid responses on Langa-Weir cognition scores, incarceration history, and covariates (n = 5,663).

Juvenile Injuries and Deaths From Shootings by Police in the United States, 2015-2020.

Purpose: The present study describes juveniles injured in fatal and nonfatal shootings by the police from 2015 to 2020, compares characteristics of juvenile victimizations to adult victimizations, and estimates the odds of a shooting victim being a juvenile v. adult, given known characteristics.

Methods: From July 2021 to April 2023, we manually reviewed publicly available records on all 2015-2020 injurious shootings by the US police, identified from Gun Violence Archive.

Social and policy characteristics associated with injurious shootings by police in US counties: A multilevel analysis, 2015-2020.

From 2015 to 2020, shootings by police injured or killed 1769 people annually in the United States, disproportionately harming members of minoritized groups. Prior studies of the structural determinants of these inequities have largely examined state-level aggregations and fatal outcomes. This study aimed to: 1) describe state and county variation in fatal and nonfatal injurious shootings by police, and 2) analyze the relationship between state and county context and differences in county rates of injurious shootings by police.

Police Avoidance Among Black Youth.

Objectives: Police violence is a public health crisis that disproportionately impacts youth of color, particularly Black youth. These disparities may also compel Black youth to engage in police avoidance (ie, efforts to circumvent police contact and surveillance). Even so, research on Black youths' engagement in police avoidance is lacking.

Prior incarceration length and edentulism among formerly incarcerated older adults in the United States.

Background: This study investigated the association between prior incarceration length and edentulism among US adults 55 years and older. Analyses explored indirect factors such as wealth, smoking status, mental health, and chronic health conditions that may explain this relationship. In addition, the study analyzed how associations between incarceration and edentulism vary by race and ethnicity.

Screen time, problematic screen use, and eating disorder symptoms among early adolescents: findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.

Purpose: Emerging research evidence suggests positive relationships between higher screen time and eating disorders. However, few studies have examined the prospective associations between screen use and eating disorder symptoms in early adolescents and how problematic screen use may contribute to symptom development.

Methods: We analyzed prospective cohort data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 10,246, 2016-2020, ages 9-14).