Non-invasive visualisation of long-lasting brain metabolic alterations in murine pseudo-infection model using parahydrogen-polarised [1-C] pyruvate MRI.

Long-lasting neurological issues, including cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depression, that persist after recovery from acute inflammatory diseases, such as infections, have become a significant social problem, particularly following the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Various diagnostic techniques and biomarkers have been explored to objectively evaluate brain symptoms associated with infection-induced local or systemic inflammatory responses (i.e.

Liver function effects of SGLT2 inhibitor and GLP-1 receptor agonist combination treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes (post hoc analysis of RECAP study).

Aim: The favor effect on liver disease by odium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor (SGLT2i) and GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP1Ra) was reported; however, the effect of the combination treatment of these drugs was not well known.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data for 643 patients with type 2 diabetes receiving SGLT2i + GLP1Ra combination treatment for at least 1 year (331 and 312 patients in the GLP1Ra- and SGLT2i-preceding groups, respectively). Propensity score (PS) matching was used to compare the effects of the preceding drugs on liver function.

Glucagon change rate after glucose load: a potential key for tailoring treatment in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Unlabelled: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a known risk factor for both maternal and fatal complications. Glycemic control in pregnant women is important for preventing these complications. However, the need for insulin therapy in pregnant women is difficult to determine.

Influence of Combination Therapy with Dulaglutide or Liraglutide and SGLT2 Inhibitors on Renal Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Post-hoc Analysis of the RECAP Study.

Objective: We report that the effect of combination therapy with SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1Ra) on renal composite outcomes is not affected by the preceding drug in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we performed a post-hoc analysis of dulaglutide and liraglutide users and investigated the differences between GLP1Ra.

Methods: We analyzed 266 patients treated with an SGLT2i followed by dulaglutide or liraglutide and 194 treated with dulaglutide or liraglutide followed by an SGLT2i.

Third Liver Resection for Re-recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Assessment of the Prognostic Factors of Long-term Survival.

Background/aim: Second hepatic resection is a well-established and effective treatment for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite this, the recurrence rate of HCC remains high. The efficacy of third liver resection for re-recurrent HCC is uncertain, and prognostic factors affecting survival after third hepatectomy have not been comprehensively evaluated.

[A Case of Anterior Pituitary Hypofunction and Central Diabetes Insipidus That Occurred after the Extended Right Hepatectomy for Cystic Duct Cancer].

We report a case of anterior pituitary hypofunction and central diabetes insipidus after extended right hepatectomy for cystic duct cancer. A 77-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of abdominal fullness and anorexia. Cholangiocarcinoma of the hepatic hilum was suspected on CT, and extended right hepatectomy and extrahepatic bile duct resection were performed after portal vein embolization.

Association Between the Effectiveness and Magnitude of Foot Microcirculation Assessed by Radionuclide Angiography and One Year Limb Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Limb Threatening Ischaemia.

Objective: Microcirculation focused evaluations may provide physiological insights that complement those of the established clinical criteria for patients with chronic limb threatening ischaemia (CLTI), since complex treatments are needed in this high risk population. However, current methods for quantitatively assessing foot microcirculation are limited. Thus, in this study, the aim was to demonstrate a proof of concept non-invasive method with novel parameters for assessing foot microcirculation.

Size-Dependency of Electrochemically Grown Copper Nanoclusters Derived from Single Copper Atoms for the CO Reduction Reaction.

Electrochemically grown copper nanoclusters (CuNCs: <3 nm) from single-atom catalysts have recently attracted intensive attention as electrocatalysts for CO and CO reduction reaction (CORR/CORR) because they exhibit distinct product selectivity compared with conventional Cu nanoparticles (typically larger than 10nm). Herein, we conducted a detailed investigation into the size dependence of CuNCs on selectivity for multicarbon (C) production in CORR. These nanoclusters were electrochemically grown from single Cu atoms dispersed on covalent triazine frameworks (Cu-CTFs).

Verification of the Reliability of an Automated Urine Test Strip Colorimetric Program Using Colorimetric Analysis: Survey Study.

Background: One method for noninvasive and simple urinary microalbumin testing is urine test strips. However, when visually assessing urine test strips, accurate assessment may be difficult due to environmental influences-such as lighting color and intensity-and the physical and psychological influences of the assessor. These complicate the formation of an objective assessment.

Application of Cas9-Based Gene Editing to Engineering of Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetases.

Engineering of nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) could transform the production of bioactive natural product derivatives. A number of recent reports have described the engineering of NRPSs without marked reductions in yield. Comparative analysis of evolutionarily related NRPSs can provide insights regarding permissive fusion sites for engineering where recombination may occur during evolutionary processes.

Interactive segmentation with curve-based template deformation for spatiotemporal computed tomography of swallowing motion.

Repeating X-ray computed tomography (CT) measurements over a short period of time allows for obtaining a spatiotemporal four-dimensional (4D) volume image. This study presents an interactive method for segmenting a 4DCT image by fitting a template model to a target organ. The template consists of a three-dimensional (3D) mesh model and free-form-deformation (FFD) cage enclosing the mesh.

Japanese living donor liver transplantation criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma: nationwide cohort study.

Background: Validating the expanded criteria for living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma using national data is highly significant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of the new Japanese criteria for living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma patients and identify factors associated with a poor prognosis using the Japanese national data set.

Methods: The study population comprised patients who underwent living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma at 37 centres in Japan between 2010 and 2018.

Absolute Lymphocyte Count Predicts Bypass Surgery Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia.

: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and outcomes of infrainguinal bypass surgery for chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). : From 2004 to 2020, 209 limbs of 189 patients who underwent infrainguinal bypass surgery for CLTI and whose ALCs were available were included. Patients with survival >2 years and limb salvage >2 years were considered discriminant groups, and an ALC cut-off value was calculated.

Bound star clusters observed in a lensed galaxy 460 Myr after the Big Bang.

The Cosmic Gems arc is among the brightest and highly magnified galaxies observed at redshift z ≈ 10.2 (ref. ).

Retrogradation inhibition and intragranular distribution in cooked rice by addition of α-glucosidase (AG) and branching enzyme (BE).

The effect of inhibiting retrogradation and changes in chain length distribution by AG and BE, which are texture-modifying enzymes, has been clarified. To ascertain in which part of the rice grain retrogradation occurs and which enzymes is most effective, the degree of retrogradation in each part of the rice grain was measured from the surface to the core of the same rice grain using a synchrotron radiation X-ray beam with a beam size of 100 μm. Retrogradation was effectively suppressed at all measurement sites by enzyme addition, although the effect of enzymes was greater at the surface.

Effect of preceding drug therapy on the renal and cardiovascular outcomes of combined sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease.

Aim: To conduct a post hoc subgroup analysis of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from the RECAP study, who were treated with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) combination therapy, focusing only on those patients who had chronic kidney disease (CKD), to examine whether the composite renal outcome differed between those who received SGLT2 inhibitor treatment first and those who received a GLP-1RA first.

Methods: We included 438 patients with CKD (GLP-1RA-first group, n = 223; SGLT2 inhibitor-first group, n = 215) from the 643 T2D patients in the RECAP study. The incidence of the composite renal outcome, defined as progression to macroalbuminuria and/or a ≥50% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), was analysed using a propensity score (PS)-matched model.

Cyclic CO absorption/desorption property of LiNaSiO under the partial pressure of CO for practical applications.

The temperature for realizing the cyclic CO absorption/desorption property of LiNaSiO by repetition of switching a CO/N gas mixture and N with a partial pressure of CO, (CO), of 0.1 bar was optimized using the pseudo van't Hoff plot of LiNaCO + LiSiO ↔ LiNaSiO + CO prepared by thermogravimetry at various (CO) values.

Real-world clinical decisions of physicians in the management of Takayasu arteritis and giant cell arteritis in Japan: A cross-sectional web questionnaire survey.

Objectives: The aim is to access the real-world clinical management of physicians who treat Takayasu arteritis (TAK) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) after the publication of the Japanese Circulation Society (JCS) 2017 Guidelines for the Management of Vasculitis Syndrome.

Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study utilized self-administered electronic questionnaires, which were answered in February 2022 by physicians treating TAK or GCA and registered with Macromill Inc.

Results: The 329 survey respondents were enrolled.

Pirogoff amputation is a viable option to maintain ambulation in chronic limb-threatening ischemia with extensive midfoot tissue loss: a report of two cases.

Eliminating necrotic and infected tissues is crucial for limb salvage in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). However, extensive lesions that involve the midfoot frequently result in transtibial amputation, restricting ambulation and independent life. The Modified Pirogoff amputation, which includes a 90° rotation of the calcaneus and fixation with the tibia, has good functional outcomes in trauma cases.

Parahydrogen-Induced C Hyperpolarizer Using a Flow Guide for Magnetic Field Cycling to Evoke H-C Spin Order Transfer Toward Metabolic MRI.

Objective: The pair-wise addition of parahydrogen, the singlet form of molecular hydrogen, to unsaturated precursors evokes the hyperpolarization of two parahydrogen-derived H nuclear spins through a process known as parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP). Subsequent spin order transfer (SOT) from the H to the surrounding C nuclear spins via magnetic field cycling (MFC) results in substantial signal enhancement in C magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Here, we report the development of a unique PHIP C hyperpolarizer system using a flow guide for MFC.

In Vitro Module Editing Of NRPS Enables Production Of Highly Potent G -Signaling Inhibitor FR900359 Derived From Unculturable Plant Symbiont.

Heterotrimeric G proteins are key mediators in the signaling of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) that are involved in a plethora of important physiological processes and thus major targets of pharmaceutical drugs. The cyclic depsipeptides YM-254890 and FR900359 are strong and selective inhibitors of the G subfamily of G proteins. FR900359 was first reported to be produced by unculturable plant symbiont, however, a culturable FR900359 producer was discovered recently by the standard strategy, screening of the producing strain from the environment.

Body mass index and characteristics of coronary plaque in younger patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background And Aims: The association between the body mass index (BMI) and the characteristics of coronary plaque in younger type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains to be elucidated.

Methods And Results: A total of 138 consecutive younger (<65 years) T2D patients with CAD, who underwent optical coherence tomography imaging of the culprit lesion were included. The patients were classified into either the higher BMI group (n = 68) or the lower BMI group (n = 70) according to the median of BMI (25.