Cobalt-nickel metal-organic frameworks (CNMs) as drug delivery agents for triple-negative breast cancer.

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) representing a particularly aggressive subtype, making it difficult to treat, and is associated with a poor prognosis. However, chemotherapy is associated with challenges such as drug resistance, off-target toxicity, and limited efficacy, highlighting the need for more effective therapies. Nanocarriers, including liposomes, micelles, and dendrimers, offer improved drug delivery efficacy and reduced toxicity but face challenges in terms of stability and scalability.

Diesel exhaust particles modulate bone remodeling and worsen osteoporosis: and investigations.

Air pollution poses significant risks to public health, with diesel exhaust particles (DEP) contributing to a variety of systemic effects, including potential impacts on bone metabolism. This study investigates DEP's osteogenic and bone toxic effects using both pre-osteoblast models and Zebrafish models under healthy and osteoporotic conditions. Pre-osteoblasts treated with DEP exhibited enhanced calcium deposition and upregulated osteogenic markers, including Runx2 and type I collagen, at 25-50 μg ml concentrations.

Leveraging cancer microenvironment pH shift for actuation-induced multidrug release from chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose bilayer film.

In this work, we leverage the pH shift of the tumor microenvironment to achieve controlled, multidrug release from an implantable, pH-responsive bilayer film composed of chitosan (CS) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Drug release is driven by out-of-plane actuation, where curvature is induced in response to acidic pH, serving as a physiological stimulus. The kinetics of release are modulated by the degree of curvature and the rate of actuation at a given pH.

Shell-Derived CS/GO Composite Incorporated into a Biomimetic PAN Nanofiber Membrane for Enhanced Bone Tissue Regeneration.

Bone regeneration is a process that aims to restore the structure and function of damaged bone tissues. Modern approaches for bone regeneration involve a combination of strategies, including tissue engineering and biomaterials, to promote healing. In this study, electrospun nanofibers were developed by using biosynthesized chitosan (CS)- and graphene oxide (GO)-loaded polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers.

Protein bioactive complexes promote osteogenesis under microgravity environment.

The space microgravity environment and cosmic radiation pose a significant threat to musculoskeletal health, particularly bone mass. However, the critical mechanism underlying space-induced bone loss and its relation to cellular oxidative stress remains unclear. Currently used bone-loss-reversing drugs face limitations like poor efficacy and metabolic defects.

Protein Nano Coop Complexes Promote Fracture Healing and Bone Regeneration in a Zebrafish Osteoporosis Model.

Nanotherapeutic techniques are becoming increasingly important in the treatment of bone disorders owing to their targeted drug delivery. This study formulates zein nano coop composites containing chimeric antioxidants (ascorbic acid, luteolin, resveratrol, and coenzyme Q) (AZN) and evaluates its application in bone regeneration using osteoblasts and a Zebrafish osteoporosis model. In vitro experiments with human osteoblast-like MG63 cells showed enhancement of bone mineralization and regeneration.

Therapeutic potential of 18-β-glycyrrhetinic acid-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles on cigarette smoke-induced in-vitro model of COPD.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is strongly linked to cigarette smoke, which contains toxins that induce oxidative stress and airway inflammation, ultimately leading to premature airway epithelial cell senescence and exacerbating COPD progression. Current treatments for COPD are symptomatic and hampered by limited efficacy and severe side effects. This highlights the need to search for an optimal therapeutic candidate to address the root causes of these conditions.

Direct measurement of self-diffusiophoretic force generated by active colloids of different patch coverage using optical tweezers.

Hypothesis: Synthetic micro/nanomotors are gaining extensive attention for various biomedical applications (especially in drug delivery) due to their ability to mimic the motion of biological micro/nanoscale swimmers. The feasibility of these applications relies on tight control of propulsion speed, direction, and type of motion (translation, circular, etc.) along with the exerted self-propulsive force.

Development of Hematite Nano Ellipsoids/Pectin Composite Films for Green Packaging Applications.

Synthetic packaging materials are known to cause serious environmental and human health problems. Among the eco-friendly biopolymers from nonfood sources that are suitable for packaging applications, pectin is a promising candidate. However, native pectin films (NPF) exhibit poor mechanical strength, high hydrophilicity, and poor gas diffusion barrier properties.

A review of the physiological effects of microgravity and innovative formulation for space travelers.

During the space travel mission, astronauts' physiological and psychological behavior will alter, and they will start consuming terrestrial drug products. However, factors such as microgravity, radiation exposure, temperature, humidity, strong vibrations, space debris, and other issues encountered, the drug product undergo instability This instability combined with physiological changes will affect the shelf life and diminish the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of the drug product. Consequently, the physicochemical changes will produce a toxic degradation product and a lesser potency dosage form which may result in reduced or no therapeutic action, so the astronaut consumes an additional dose to remain healthy.

Drying-Induced Flash Nanoprecipitation in a Sessile Drop: A Route to Synthesize Polymeric Nanoparticles.

Flash nanoprecipitation is a simple and scalable method to produce nanoparticles by rapid mixing of a polymer solution with an antisolvent. High-speed mixing devices for the continuous synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles and drug-encapsulated nanoparticles have been designed. In this work, we demonstrate a different approach to induce flash nanoprecipitation using the differential evaporation of solvents in a sessile drop.

Doxorubicin loaded thermostable nanoarchaeosomes: a next-generation drug carrier for breast cancer therapeutics.

Breast cancer has a poor prognosis due to the toxic side effects associated with high doses of chemotherapy. Liposomal drug encapsulation has resulted in clinical success in enhancing chemotherapy tolerability. However, the formulation faces severe limitations with a lack of colloidal stability, reduced drug efficiency, and difficulties in storage conditions.

18-β-glycyrrhetinic acid-loaded polymeric nanoparticles attenuate cigarette smoke-induced markers of impaired antiviral response in vitro.

Tobacco smoking is a leading cause of preventable mortality, and it is the major contributor to diseases such as COPD and lung cancer. Cigarette smoke compromises the pulmonary antiviral immune response, increasing susceptibility to viral infections. There is currently no therapy that specifically addresses the problem of impaired antiviral response in cigarette smokers and COPD patients, highlighting the necessity to develop novel treatment strategies.

Elucidating shape-mediated drug carrier mechanics of hematite nanomaterials for breast cancer therapeutics.

Metallic nanomaterials have gained significant attention in cancer therapy as potential nanocarriers due to their unique properties at the nanoscale. However, nanomaterials face several drawbacks, including biocompatibility, stability, and cellular uptake. Hematite (α-FeO) nanoparticles are emerging as promising nano-carriers to reduce adverse outcomes of conventional chemotherapeutics.

Graphene: A Multifaceted Carbon-Based Material for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications.

Tissue engineering is an emerging technological field that aims to restore and replace human tissues. A significant number of individuals require bone replacement annually as a result of skeletal abnormalities or accidents. In recent decades, notable progress has been made in the field of biomedical research, specifically in the realm of sophisticated and biocompatible materials.

Chitosan derived chito-oligosaccharides promote osteoblast differentiation and offer anti-osteoporotic potential: Molecular and morphological evidence from a zebrafish model.

This study delves into the potential of chito-oligosaccharides (COS) to promote osteoblast differentiation and prevent osteoporosis, utilizing experiments with mouse MSCs and the zebrafish model. The preliminary biocompatibility study affirms the non-toxic nature of COS across various concentrations. In the osteoblast differentiation study, COS enhances ALP activity and calcium deposition at the cellular level.

Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation (LLPS)-Driven Fibrilization of Amyloid-β Protein.

Amyloid-β [Aβ(1-40)] aggregation into a fibrillar network is one of the major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, a few studies reported that polyphosphate (polyP), an anionic biopolymer that participates in various cellular physiological processes in humans, induces fibrilization in many amyloidogenic proteins [ ; John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2020; Tanzi, R.

Synthesis of Germanium Nanospheres as High-Precision Optical Tweezers Probes.

Force spectroscopy on single molecular machines generating piconewton forces is often performed using optical tweezers. Since trapping forces scale with the particle volume, piconewton-force measurements so far required micron-sized probes practically limiting the spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we have overcome this limit by developing high-refractive index germanium nanospheres as ultraresolution trapping probes.

Kinetics of aggregation of amyloid β under different shearing conditions: Experimental and modelling analyses.

Amyloid β (Aβ40) is a class of amyloidogenic proteins known to aggregate into a fibrillar network. The rate of aggregation and fibril yield is sensitive to external energy input, such as shear. In this work, simple shear and shaking experiments are performed on Aβ40 solution using a Couette cell and an orbital shaker, respectively.

Anisotropic and Amphiphilic Mesoporous Core-Shell Silica Microparticles Provide Chemically Selective Environments for Simultaneous Delivery of Curcumin and Quercetin.

Porous silica materials are often used for drug delivery. However, systems for simultaneous delivery of multiple drugs are scarce. Here we show that anisotropic and amphiphilic dumbbell core-shell silica microparticles with chemically selective environments can entrap and release two drugs simultaneously.

Single depolymerizing and transport kinesins stabilize microtubule ends.

Microtubules are highly dynamic cellular filaments and an accurate control of their length is important for many intracellular processes like cell division. Among other factors, microtubule length is actively modulated by motors from the kinesin superfamily. For example, yeast kinesin-8, Kip3, motors depolymerize microtubules by a cooperative, force- and length-dependent mechanism.