Medical Thoracoscopy-assisted Thoracographic Fibrin Glue Sealing Method for Intractable Pneumothorax: A Case-based Proposal.

We herein report a case of refractory pneumothorax in a patient with interstitial lung disease that was successfully treated using medical thoracoscopy-assisted thoracographic fibrin glue sealing (MTS-TGF). This novel hybrid technique enables accurate leak localization and safe delivery of fibrin glue under direct visualization and fluoroscopic guidance. The procedure achieved substantial leak reduction followed by complete resolution without surgical intervention.

Eventual resolution of pulmonary cavities following septic pulmonary embolism secondary to right-sided infective endocarditis.

Septic pulmonary embolism (SPE) is characterised by embolisation of infectious thrombi into the pulmonary circulation and often leads to the formation of nodules and cavities. Although right-sided infective endocarditis (RIE) is a major cause of SPE, reports on the long-term outcomes of pulmonary cavities following SPE remain limited. This report presents the case of a previously healthy early adolescent woman who developed SPE secondary to RIE caused by methicillin-sensitive Pulmonary cavities persisted in this patient despite appropriate antibiotic therapy and surgical resection of a vegetation on the tricuspid valve, which attenuated the acute phase of SPE.

Effect of Hydrostatic Pressure on the Tensor and Hyperfine Coupling Constants of the Nitroxide Radical Characterized by Calculations.

We present a computational study characterizing the effect of hydrostatic pressure on magnetic spin parameters that are used to analyze the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra. Site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) in combination with EPR spectroscopy is a powerful tool for investigating the structure and dynamics of biological molecules. In studies using SDSL-based EPR spectroscopy, it is essential to know the spin parameters, such as the factor and the hyperfine constants, precisely.

A strong association between TTF-1 expression and interstitial lung disease in predicting the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor for nonsquamous NSCLC patients.

Background: Thyroid transcriptional factor-1 (TTF-1) is associated with the development of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and is a mutational target in lung adenocarcinoma with ILD. TTF-1 expression is also associated with the efficacy of pemetrexed-based chemotherapy for nonsquamous nonsmall cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC). However, the relationship between TTF-1 expression and the efficacy of immunotherapy using programmed cell death 1 inhibitor (PD-1i), especially in lung cancer patients with ILD, remains unclear.

vmTracking enables highly accurate multi-animal pose tracking in crowded environments.

In multi-animal tracking, addressing occlusion and crowding is crucial for accurate behavioral analysis. However, in situations where occlusion and crowding generate complex interactions, achieving accurate pose tracking remains challenging. Therefore, we introduced virtual marker tracking (vmTracking), which uses virtual markers for individual identification.

Mapping spatial memory in teleosts: a new Frontier in neural logging techniques.

Recent advancements in microelectromechanical system technology have significantly enhanced our ability to monitor neuronal activity in free-swimming fish without disrupting their natural movement, thereby greatly improving the capabilities of neural logging using "neurologger" technology. In this review, we compiled the findings from studies applying neurologgers to teleost fish, emphasizing the discovery of various spatial-cognition cells in regions of the telencephalon analogous to the mammalian hippocampus that are deeply involved in spatial navigation. We detailed how different fish species, such as goldfish and salmonids, correlate their neural activity with environmental boundaries, head direction, speed, and other navigational cues for spatial memory and navigation strategies.

Accurate measurement of the bond stress between rebar and concrete in reinforced concrete using FBG sensing technology.

Recent earthquakes in several developing countries have shown that reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with improper structural detailing experience severe damage under seismic motions. Using low-quality construction materials such as brick aggregates, resulting in low-strength concrete, significantly impacts the bond between rebar and concrete. Accurate evaluation of the bond performance of such low-strength concrete is one of the key issues for seismic safety assessment of RC buildings, especially in Bangladesh; thus, the bond performance is usually evaluated through laboratory tests.

P1 Center Electron Spin Clusters Are Prevalent in Type Ib Diamonds.

Understanding the spatial distribution of the P1 centers is crucial for diamond-based sensors and quantum devices. P1 centers serve as polarization sources for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) quantum sensing and play a significant role in the relaxation of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers. Additionally, the distribution of NV centers correlates with the distribution of P1 centers, as NV centers are formed through the conversion of P1 centers.

Optogenetic activation of the ventral tegmental area-hippocampal pathway facilitates rapid adaptation to changes in spatial goals.

Animal adaptation to environmental goals to pursue rewards is modulated by dopamine. However, the role of dopamine in the hippocampus, involved in spatial navigation, remains unclear. Here, we studied dopaminergic inputs from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the hippocampus, focusing on spatial goal persistence and adaptation.

Vasculitis mimicking immunoglobulin-G4-related disease with involvement of the submandibular and lacrimal glands and periaortitis: A case report.

Introduction: Vasculitis does not usually induce glandular tissue lesions. Herein, we present a case of vasculitis with a distribution similar to that of immunoglobulin-G4-related disease (IgG4-RD), including that of the submandibular and lacrimal glands, and periaortitis.

Case Report: A 70-year-old man presented with shortness of breath.

The neural representation of time distributed across multiple brain regions differs between implicit and explicit time demands.

Animals appear to possess an internal timer during action, based on the passage of time. However, the neural underpinnings of the perception of time, ranging from seconds to minutes, remain unclear. Herein, we considered the neural representation of time based on mounting evidence on the neural correlates of time perception.

Airway disorders associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: Two case reports and a systematic review.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are widely used for the treatment of various malignant neoplasms. Interstitial lung disease is a well-known immune-related adverse event, however, ICI-induced airway disease remains under-recognized. Herein, we report two similar cases of pembrolizumab-induced tracheobronchitis presenting as persistent chronic cough and dyspnea.

Utilizing a Reconfigurable Maze System to Enhance the Reproducibility of Spatial Navigation Tests in Rodents.

Several maze shapes are used to test spatial navigation performance and behavioral phenotypes. Traditionally, each experiment requires a unique maze shape, thus requiring several separate mazes in different configurations. The maze geometry cannot be reconfigured in a single environment to accommodate scalability and reproducibility.

Comparison of Lumbar Artery and Superior Gluteal Artery Perforator Flaps for Breast Reconstruction: Multislice CT-Based Anatomical Study.

Background: Although the deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap is the criterion standard for autologous breast reconstruction, lumbar artery perforator (LAP) and superior gluteal artery perforator (SGAP) flaps are recent trends as alternatives. The purpose of our study was to clarify differences of these flaps based on multislice CT findings of the same patient.

Methods: Retrospective study was conducted on 58 patients who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced multislice CT for breast reconstruction using deep inferior epigastric artery perforator.

Large Room Temperature Bulk DNP of C via P1 Centers in Diamond.

We use microwave-induced dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) of the substitutional nitrogen defects (P1 centers) in diamond to hyperpolarize bulk C nuclei in both single crystal and powder samples at room temperature at 3.34 T. The large (>100-fold) enhancements demonstrated correspond to a greater than 10 000-fold improvement in terms of signal averaging of the 1% abundant C spins.

A Review of Neurologgers for Extracellular Recording of Neuronal Activity in the Brain of Freely Behaving Wild Animals.

Simultaneous monitoring of animal behavior and neuronal activity in the brain enables us to examine the neural underpinnings of behaviors. Conventionally, the neural activity data are buffered, amplified, multiplexed, and then converted from analog to digital in the head-stage amplifier, following which they are transferred to a storage server via a cable. Such tethered recording systems, intended for indoor use, hamper the free movement of animals in three-dimensional (3D) space as well as in large spaces or underwater, making it difficult to target wild animals active under natural conditions; it also presents challenges in realizing its applications to humans, such as the Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMI).

Head direction cells in a migratory bird prefer north.

Animals exhibit remarkable navigation abilities as if they have an internal compass. Head direction (HD) cells encoding the animal's heading azimuth are found in the brain of several animal species; the HD cell signals are dependent on the vestibular nuclei, where magnetic responsive cells are present in birds. However, it is difficult to determine whether HD cell signals drive the compass orientation in animals, as they do not necessarily rely on the magnetic compass under all circumstances.

Cross-species behavior analysis with attention-based domain-adversarial deep neural networks.

Since the variables inherent to various diseases cannot be controlled directly in humans, behavioral dysfunctions have been examined in model organisms, leading to better understanding their underlying mechanisms. However, because the spatial and temporal scales of animal locomotion vary widely among species, conventional statistical analyses cannot be used to discover knowledge from the locomotion data. We propose a procedure to automatically discover locomotion features shared among animal species by means of domain-adversarial deep neural networks.

False-positive cases in multiple sleep latency test by accumulated sleep debt.

Purpose: Multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) is performed as objective assessment of sleepiness, on the following day after polysomnography (PSG). In most clinics, patients are required to stay for 2 days. However, if patients have chronic sleep debt before the examination, even if they get adequate nocturnal sleep during the initial PSG, their sleep debt would not be fully resolved, affecting MSLT results.

Microwave AC Resonance Induced Phase Change in SbTe Nanowires.

Scaling information bits to ever smaller dimensions is a dominant drive for information technology (IT). Nanostructured phase change material emerges as a key player in the current green-IT endeavor with low power consumption, functional modularity, and promising scalability. In this work, we present the demonstration of microwave AC voltage induced phase change phenomenon at ∼3 GHz in single SbTe nanowires.

Deep learning-assisted comparative analysis of animal trajectories with DeepHL.

A comparative analysis of animal behavior (e.g., male vs.

The Reconfigurable Maze Provides Flexible, Scalable, Reproducible, and Repeatable Tests.

Multiple mazes are routinely used to test the performance of animals because each has disadvantages inherent to its shape. However, the maze shape cannot be flexibly and rapidly reproduced in a repeatable and scalable way in a single environment. Here, to overcome the lack of flexibility, scalability, reproducibility, and repeatability, we develop a reconfigurable maze system that consists of interlocking runways and an array of accompanying parts.

Motor cortex can directly drive the globus pallidus neurons in a projection neuron type-dependent manner in the rat.

The basal ganglia are critical for the control of motor behaviors and for reinforcement learning. Here, we demonstrate in rats that primary and secondary motor areas (M1 and M2) make functional synaptic connections in the globus pallidus (GP), not usually thought of as an input site of the basal ganglia. Morphological observation revealed that the density of axonal boutons from motor cortices in the GP was 47% and 78% of that in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) from M1 and M2, respectively.

Health economic evaluation of peritoneal dialysis based on cost-effectiveness in Japan: a preliminary study.

Background: In Japan, the medical expenditures associated with dialysis have garnered considerable interest; however, a cost-effectiveness evaluation of peritoneal dialysis (PD) is yet to be evaluated. In particular, the health economics of the "PD first" concept, which can be advantageous for clinical practice and healthcare systems, must be evaluated.

Methods: This multicenter study investigated the cost-effectiveness of PD.