Geospatial analysis of climate-induced land cover changes and vegetation trends in western Jharkhand, India.

Understanding how climate variability and anthropogenic activities reshape ecosystems is essential for sustainable development in environmentally sensitive regions. This study analyses land use changes and vegetation trends in western Jharkhand, India, using multi-source satellite data from 2000 to 2020. The findings reveal that agricultural land expanded from 53.

Concise, Atom-Economical, and Enantiodivergent Total Synthesis of β-Lycorane via Organocatalyzed [4+2] Cycloaddition Reaction.

We report an enantiodivergent total synthesis of β-lycorane, accomplished in three steps, achieving an overall yield of 28% and an atom economy of 78% via cycloaddition catalyzed by a chiral -2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidine organocatalyst. Following successful reaction optimization, a broad substrate scope was explored, affording the corresponding cycloadducts in up to 80% yield, 15:1 dr, and 94% ee. This scalable methodology is also compatible with the branched 2,4-dienals.

Building Palliative Care Capacity - A Rapid Evaluation of Services in Eleven Hospitals in Northern India.

This study aimed to evaluate palliative care capacity across eleven northern Indian hospitals whose physicians and nurses had undergone training as part of the Cancer Treatment Centers (CTC) program. An online rapid evaluation using The "Standards audit tool for Indian palliative care programs" developed by the Indian Association of Palliative Care (IAPC) was done to audit specific aspects of palliative care delivery including staff training, recordkeeping, availability of morphine, and continuing professional development programs. A descriptive analysis of the data was conducted.

Health insurance coverage and its associated factors amongst households of an urban village in Delhi.

Context: Urban poor households mostly comprising of migrants from small towns and villages are prone to residing in overcrowded, unplanned settlements, bearing a higher risk of healthcare ailments and expenditure. There is a need to assess health insurance amongst them to better understand insurance coverage, as well as their experience and attitude towards it.

Aims: To find out the prevalence of health insurance and its associated factors amongst households of an urban village in Delhi.

Radical-Trapping and Hydroperoxide-Decomposing Benzoselenazole Antioxidants with Potential Biological Applications against Oxidative Stress.

The synthesis of phenolic benzoselenazoles has been described. These were synthesized from their corresponding diselenides and aldehydes using acetic acid as a catalyst. All compounds have been tested for glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like antioxidant activity in thiophenol assay.

Overexpression, purification and biochemical studies of Sortase A from Enterococcus faecalis (Ef) and its inhibition studies with Aloenin.

Sortase A (SrtA) is a bacterial transpeptidase that garnishes the bacterial surface by adding various virulent factors or proteins by cleaving the LPXTG-specific motif between T and G amino acids. These virulence factors assist in the attachment of host cells, which are essential for bacterial virulence. Enterococcus species are among the multidrug-resistant bacteria that cause nosocomial infections; they have drawn a lot of attention recently.

Investigation of Mode-Induced Spin Wave Transmission Blockage by In Situ Nanoscale Grooves.

In the pursuit of advancing spin-wave optics, the propagation of magnetostatic surface spin-waves is investigated in a uniform permalloy waveguide with in-situ nanopatterned grooves created through Atomic Force Microscopy nanolithography and Focused Ion Beam etching. The study unveils that the introduction of narrow constrictions and grooves leads to a non-monotonic reduction of the transmitted spin-wave signal intensity as the spin-wave pathway is shrinked. The remarkable feature that a stronger signal extinction is obtained for a narrow groove compared to a spin-waveguide interrupted by a full gap, where only inefficient transport through dipolar coupling is allowed, is highlighted.

Chronic Cavitary Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Complication of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Pulmonary Aspergillosis is a fungal infection of the lungs that can lead to invasive disease and the formation of cavities, especially in the immunocompromised population. The most common clinical features are no symptoms at all to fever, cough, nondescript chest discomfort, trivial hemoptysis, and shortness of breath. Most patients respond well to Itraconazole therapy.

Synthesis and application of chiral -2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidine organocatalysts.

The first synthesis of chiral -2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidine organocatalysts is described. Their application for the enantioselective Michael addition of nitromethane to α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with excellent yield (up to 91%) and enantioselectivity (up to >99% ee) is demonstrated. Another catalytic application for the reaction of 2,4-hexadienal with nitrostyrene is also showcased.

Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Arylcyclohexenones Catalyzed by Diphenylprolinol Silyl Ether.

A general methodology for the asymmetric synthesis of α-arylcyclohexeneones from arylacetones and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes catalyzed by diphenylprolinol silyl ether followed by -TSA-mediated cyclization is developed. A variety of arylacetones and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes were successfully converted to α-arylcyclohexeneones in 34-67% yield, 10:1-100:0 , and 81-99% . The scalability of this methodology by a gram-scale synthesis and their utility by converting the product to the corresponding epoxide, alcohol, and diol are demonstrated.

Delineating dengue risk zones in Jaipur: An interdisciplinary approach to inform public health strategies.

Dengue fever (DF) is a pervasive public health concern in tropical climates, with densely populated regions, such as India, disproportionately affected. Addressing this issue requires a multifaceted understanding of the environmental and sociocultural factors that contribute to the risk of dengue infection. This study aimed to identify high-risk zones for DF in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, by integrating physical, demographic, and epidemiological data in a comprehensive risk analysis framework.

Composition of heavy metals in sediment, water, and fish of the Ganga and Yamuna Rivers in two major cities of India.

The rapid industrial development in the Indian capital region has led to significant waste generation, which, despite undergoing treatment prior to disposal, contributes substantially to water body contamination. Given the diverse nature of these wastes and their potential repercussions across the food chain, a study was conducted to evaluate heavy metal contamination levels in the Ganga and Yamuna Rivers of two major cities. Six heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg, Cu, Cr, and Zn) were analyzed in fish, water, and sediment samples by utilizing flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Avanta Σ) from March 2019 to February 2020.

Derivation and Characterization of Novel Cytocompatible Decellularized Tissue Scaffold for Myoblast Growth and Differentiation.

The selection of an appropriate scaffold is imperative for the successful development of alternative animal protein in the form of cultured meat or lab-grown meat. Decellularized tissues have been suggested as a potential scaffold for cultured meat production owing to their capacity to support an optimal environment and niche conducive to cell proliferation and growth. This approach facilitates the systematic development of 3D tissues in the laboratory.

Nihilism, Neurocognition, and the Novel Coronavirus: A Case of Acute Onset Cotard's Syndrome.

Introduction: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness that may cause neuropsychiatric sequelae, including persistent psychotic symptoms.

Case Presentation: A 70-year-old White man with no prior psychiatric history presented with altered mental status, Cotard's syndrome, and rigid delusions of poverty and homelessness 6 weeks after recovering from a mild case of COVID-19. After extensive medical workup revealed no organic etiology, he was treated for psychotic symptoms with an atypical antipsychotic, an antidepressant, and electroconvulsive therapy, with improvement over time.

Flood susceptibility assessment of the Agartala Urban Watershed, India, using Machine Learning Algorithm.

Frequent floods are a severe threat to the well-being of people the world over. This is particularly severe in developing countries like India where tropical monsoon climate prevails. Recently, flood hazard susceptibility mapping has become a popular tool to mitigate the effects of this threat.

Development and Validation of Total Pain Scale for Evaluation of Total Pain in Cancer Patients.

Objectives: Cancer pain has all the components of total pain such as physical, social, psychological, and spiritual. These components contribute to the overall pain experience in cancer patients. Many instruments have been developed till date to assess the effect of pain in cancer patients but none of the instruments include all components of total pain.

Satisfaction among patients seeking services at an urban health training center during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Delhi, India.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed challenges to the provision of routine health services. As we continue providing non-COVID services, it is essential that the community perceives them to be satisfactory and safe to ensure optimum uptake. The objective of the study was to determine the satisfaction and perceived safety among patients availing services at an urban health training center (UHTC) during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Delhi.

Non-Invasive Objective Markers to Measure Pain: A Direction to Develop a Pain Device - A Narrative Review.

Objective: To review the literature regarding non-invasive objective measurements of pain. Measuring pain is of uttermost importance, but it can be an inconvenient task, especially in terms of the interpretation of patient's information. Reiterating, there is no "standard" that provides the physician with a method to objectively quantify this problem of patient's pain.

Erratum: [Corrigendum] Differential regulation of mitochondrial complex I and oxidative stress based on metastatic potential of colorectal cancer cells.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.

Recent trends and advances in type 1 diabetes therapeutics: A comprehensive review.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, leading to insulin deficiency. Insulin replacement therapy is the current standard of care for T1D, but it has significant limitations. However, stem cell-based replacement therapy has the potential to restore β-cell function and achieve glycaemic control eradicating the necessity for drugs or injecting insulin externally.

Omphalocele, Exstrophy of Cloaca, Imperforate Anus, and Spinal Defects Complex: A Case Report.

Unlabelled:  Omphalocele, exstrophy of cloaca, imperforate anus, and spinal defects complex is a rare malformation complex that includes omphalocele, cloacal exstrophy, imperforate anus and spinal defects with the incidence of 1 in 200,000 to 400,000 pregnancies and is even rarer in twin gestation. The etiology of this complex is still unclear. Most cases are sporadic.

Intussusception among Children Admitted in a Department of Pediatric Surgery of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Intussusception is the second most common cause of acute abdominal pain in infants and preschool children. The aetiology for intussusception is idiopathic at this age. Hydrostatic reduction and exploratory laparotomy with proceed are the options for the management of intussusception.