Feasibility of Ipsilateral Revision Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion for Adjacent Segment Disease After Primary Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion: A Retrospective Case Series.

Background:  Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is a minimally invasive procedure widely used to treat various lumbar spinal disorders. Although OLIF is an effective salvage procedure for adjacent segment disease (ASD) after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) or posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), the feasibility of revision OLIF (re-OLIF) for ASD after primary OLIF remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of re-OLIF in patients with ASD after primary OLIF.

Staging Lumbar Spondylolysis in Adolescents: Can MR Bone Imaging Replace CT?

Study Design: Retrospective, single-center, observational study.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic reliability of magnetic resonance (MR) Bone Imaging in stage classification of adolescent lumbar spondylolysis, assessing its clinical applicability as an alternative to computed tomography (CT).

Summary Of Background Data: The diagnosis of adolescent lumbar spondylolysis typically requires CT; however, concerns regarding medical radiation exposure have been raised.

Comparison of the O-arm-based navigation system with conventional fluoroscopy for percutaneous screw fixation in patients with fragility fractures of the pelvis.

Purpose: Fragility fractures of the pelvis (FFPs) are increasingly common owing to aging populations of several countries and the increasing osteoporosis incidence. Surgical interventions, including percutaneous screw fixation, are performed to avoid complications associated with prolonged bed rest for FFP management. However, conventional fluoroscopy for surgical navigation is difficult owing to issues such as insufficient tissue imaging, difficulty achieving accurate screw placement, and high radiation exposure to surgeons.

Enhancing segmentation accuracy of the common iliac vein in OLIF51 surgery in intraoperative endoscopic video through gamma correction: a deep learning approach.

Purpose: The principal objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a deep learning model for segmenting the common iliac vein (CIV) from intraoperative endoscopic videos during oblique lateral interbody fusion for L5/S1 (OLIF51), a minimally invasive surgical procedure for degenerative lumbosacral spine diseases. The study aimed to address the challenge of intraoperative differentiation of the CIV from surrounding tissues to minimize the risk of vascular damage during the surgery.

Methods: We employed two convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures: U-Net and U-Net++ with a ResNet18 backbone, for semantic segmentation.

Screening system for assessing suitability of cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic low back pain.

An objective method to evaluate patient suitability for cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for chronic low back pain (LBP) is currently lacking. Inappropriate application can result in prolonged hospital visits and increased medical costs. Therefore, identifying an objective biomarker for evaluating suitability is crucial.

Mechanical Analysis of Romosozumab's Effects on Bone Strength in a Rat Posterolateral Lumbar Fusion Model.

Purpose:  This study aimed to evaluate the effects of romosozumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody, on bone healing and mechanical strength in a rat posterolateral lumbar fusion (PLF) model. The primary objective was to determine its potential in promoting bone union and enhancing the structural integrity of graft sites, addressing challenges such as pseudarthrosis and hardware failure in spinal surgeries. These complications are particularly common in osteoporotic patients, where compromised bone quality and reduced healing capacity significantly increase the risk of surgical failure.

Retrieval-augmented generation enhances large language model performance on the Japanese orthopedic board examination.

Introduction: Large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in medical applications. However, their effectiveness in specialized medical domains remains underexplored. The integration of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been proposed to improve these models by reducing hallucinations and enhancing domain-specific information access.

Optimizing S1 nerve root block using three-dimensional computed tomography imaging: Identifying the ideal fluoroscopic angle and predicting S1 neural foramen position.

Background: S1 nerve root block (S1NRB) is frequently used to diagnose and treat lumbosacral and lower limb pain. However, the visibility of the S1 neural foramen can be obscured by factors including intestinal gas, increasing the procedure's technical difficulty. This study identified the optimal fluoroscopic angle for S1NRB and standardized the technique using three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) images.

Predictive Factors for Increased Bone Density Following Romosozumab Administration Based on Pre-Administration Blood Test Results.

Purpose: Romosozumab reportedly increases bone density in patients with severe osteoporosis; however, data on its clinical effects are limited. We conducted a multicenter retrospective survey to study the bone density-increasing effects of romosozumab and blood test-based predictive factors in patients with severe osteoporosis, examining its effects in clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective observational study.

A Study on Subjective Symptoms and Plantar Temperature Imbalance in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Preliminary Study.

Background Symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) are associated with changes in blood flow to lower limbs. These changes in blood flow can be perceived as temperature variations, which can be visualized using thermography. We compared the relationship between the subjective symptoms of LSS and temperature variations before and after surgical intervention and investigated the associated patient factors.

Predicting Postoperative Neurological Outcomes in Metastatic Spinal Tumor Surgery Using Machine Learning.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of data collected across multiple centers.

Objective: To develop machine learning models for predicting neurological outcomes one month postoperatively in patients with metastatic spinal tumors undergoing surgery, and to identify key factors influencing neurological recovery.

Summary Of Background Data: The increasing prevalence of spinal metastases has led to a growing need for surgical intervention to address mechanical instability and neurological deficits.

Quantitative assessment of lumbar dural mater pulsations using granger causality testing for spinal dynamics.

Spinal disorders lead to paralysis, numbness, pain, etc., due to nerve compression within the spinal canal, affecting quality of life (QOL). Identifying nerve compression is vital for accurate diagnosis.

Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Long-Term Postoperative Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: MRI Evaluation 34-51 Years after Surgery and its Changes during Middle and Older Age for an Average of 6.9 Years.

Introduction: This study aimed to identify factors associated with intervertebral disc degeneration (DD) in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients who reached middle and older age after surgery.

Methods: A total of 252 AIS patients who underwent spinal fusion surgery between 1968 and 1988 were included in this survey-based study. Patients with a mean follow-up period of 40.

Machine learning algorithms for predicting future curve using first and second visit data in female adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients.

Purpose: This study was designed to develop a machine learning (ML) model that predicts future Cobb angle in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) using minimal radiographs and simple questionnaires during the first and second visits.

Methods: Our study focused on 887 female patients with AIS who were initially consulted at a specialized scoliosis center from July 2011 to February 2023. Patient data, including demographic and radiographic data based on anterior-posterior and lateral whole-spine radiographs, were collected at the first, second, and final visits.

Development of a machine learning model and a web application for predicting neurological outcome at hospital discharge in spinal cord injury patients.

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition with profound physical, psychological, and socioeconomic consequences. Despite advances in SCI treatment, accurately predicting functional recovery remains a significant challenge. Conventional prognostic methods often fall short in capturing the complex interplay of factors influencing SCI outcomes.

Efficacy and Limitations of Continuous Local Antibiotic Perfusion in Treating Surgical Site Infections Following Instrumented Spinal Surgery: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Introduction: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most serious postoperative complications following instrumented spinal surgery. We previously reported the potential of continuous local antibiotic perfusion (CLAP) to retain implants for patients with SSI following instrumented spinal surgery. We conducted a retrospective multicenter study to elucidate the efficacy and limitations of CLAP for patients with SSI following instrumented spinal surgery.

The Analgesic and Side Effects of Tramadol Hydrochloride Immediate-Release and Extended-Release Tablets in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain.

Overview Of Literature:  There are no established treatments for low back pain. Conventional treatments include physiotherapy and pharmacological treatments, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Recently, analgesics with mechanisms of action different from those of NSAIDs have emerged.

Radiographic Predictors of Lateral Translation in Patients With Residual Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Thoracolumbar/Lumbar Curves: A Focus on L3 Lateral Translation.

Background: Patients with residual adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and thoracolumbar/lumbar curves may present with progression after cessation of growth, with lateral translation as a major risk factor. Nonetheless, radiographic predictors and underlying mechanisms remain indefinite. This study aimed to determine these radiographic predictors and structural mechanisms in patients with residual AIS.

Comparison of effects of intra-articular diclofenac etalhyaluronate and hyaluronic acid in a monoiodoacetate rat osteoarthritis model.

Diclofenac etalhyaluronate (DF-HA) sustained diclofenac release with the effects of hyaluronic acid (HA), offering long-term analgesia in osteoarthritis. In this study, the effects of DF-HA on pain improvement and osteoarthritis were evaluated in a rat knee monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis model compared to HA. Eight rats per group had been injected with monoiodoacetate (2.

Osteogenic effects and safety of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived megakaryocytes and platelets produced on a clinical scale.

Introduction: Platelet-rich plasma obtained by centrifuging peripheral blood can promote osteogenesis owing to its abundant growth factors but has drawbacks, including rapid growth factor loss and inconsistent effects depending on donor factors. To overcome these issues, we were the first in the world to use freeze-dried human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived megakaryocytes and platelets (S-FD-iMPs) and found that they have osteogenesis-promoting effects. Since turbulence was found to activate platelet biogenesis and iPS cell-derived platelets can now be produced on a clinical scale by a device called VerMES, this study examined the osteogenesis-promoting effect and safety of clinical-scale FD-iMP (V-FD-iMPs) for future human clinical application.

Analgesic effects of co-administration of mirogabalin and diclofenac sodium on neuropathic pain in rats.

Co-administration of mirogabalin besylate and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is effective for neuropathic pain; however, mechanism of its action remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the mechanism of this synergistic effect of the concomitant administration for neuropathic pain using chronic constriction injury model rats. Fifty male Wister rats of 7-week-old were used.

Automatic generation of diffusion tensor imaging for the lumbar nerve using convolutional neural networks.

【PURPOSE】: Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) with tractography is useful for the functional diagnosis of degenerative lumbar disorders. However, it is not widely used in clinical settings due to time and health care provider costs, as it is performed manually on hospital workstations. The purpose of this study is to construct a system that extracts the lumbar nerve and generates tractography automatically using deep learning semantic segmentation.