Trends in sustainable dietary patterns in United States adults, 2007-2018.

Objectives: Adopting sustainable diets is essential for improving both human and planetary health, and such diets should be evaluated from a multidimensional perspective. We characterized trends in sustainable dietary patterns, quantified by the Sustainable Diet Index for US adults (SDI-US), along with trends in diet quality, diet-related environmental impacts, food affordability, and food practices.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2018) for adults aged ≥20 years (n = 25,543).

Interaction between chronotype and ultra-processed food intake on triglyceride-glucose index in Korean adults.

Background/objectives: Chronotype and ultra-processed food (UPF) intake are individually associated with metabolic risk, but their combined effect remains unclear. This study examined the interaction between chronotype and UPF intake in relation to insulin resistance, assessed by the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index.

Subjects/methods: Data were obtained from 542 adults in the Gangwon Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (GOMS) Study.

Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a beverage type-specific analysis using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent liver disease. Evidence indicates a relationship between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and MASLD development; however, the effects of specific SSB types on MASLD remain underexplored. This study investigated the association between consumption of 3 distinct types of SSBs and MASLD in Korean adults.

Potential misclassification of ultra-processed foods across studies and the need for a unified classification system: a scoping review.

The lack of a standardized classification system poses challenges for accurately assessing ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption in Korea. This scoping review compared the UPF consumption levels reported in Korean studies and analyzed the discrepancies to highlight the need for a unified UPF classification system tailored to Korea. Four online databases were searched to identify studies conducted in Korea.

The food insecurity-obesity paradox: a comparison of three obesity measures and sociodemographic disparities in Korean adults.

Objective: We explored the impact of food insecurity on three different measures of obesity, that is, estimated percentage body fat (PBF), BMI, and waist circumference (WC), and examined the presence of sociodemographic disparities.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019-2021 (n = 12,447, aged ≥30 years). Food insecurity was evaluated using an 18-item modified version of the US Household Food Security Survey Module.

Neutralizing Activity and T-Cell Responses Against Wild Type SARS-CoV-2 Virus and Omicron BA.5 Variant After Ancestral SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Booster Dose in PLWH Receiving ART Based on CD4 T-Cell Count.

Background: We evaluated severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific humoral and cellular responses for up to 6 months after the 3rd dose of ancestral coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in people living with HIV (PLWH) and healthy controls (HCs) who were not infected with COVID-19.

Methods: Anti-spike receptor-binding domain IgG (anti-RBD IgG) concentrations using chemiluminescence immunoassay and neutralizing antibodies using focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT) were assessed at 1 week after each dose of vaccination, and 3 and 6 months after the 3rd dose in 62 PLWH and 25 HCs. T-cell responses using intracellular cytokine stain were evaluated at 1 week before, and 1 week and 6 months after the 3rd dose.

Lean diabetes: 20-year trends in its prevalence and clinical features among Korean adults.

Background: We investigated the prevalence and clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus in lean Korean adults.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2021 among adults aged ≥ 19 years. Trend analyses between 2001 and 2019-2021 (n = 89,720) and comparative analyses of multiple clinical characteristics between patients with type 2 diabetes with and without overweight/obesity were conducted (n = 2,284).

Comparison and validation of several scoring systems for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a retrospective study.

Various scoring systems have been developed to predict outcomes in patients with non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB). However, their accuracy remains unclear. This study aimed to compare and validate the predictive performance of several established scoring systems in patients with NVUGIB: Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS) and the age, blood tests, and comorbidities (ABC), mental status-anesthesiologist score-pulse-albumin-systolic blood pressure-hemoglobin (MAP(ASH)), Japanese, and Charlson comorbidity index-in-hospital onset-albumin-mental status-Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status-steroids (CHAMPS) scores.

Association of the dietary inflammatory index with sarcopenic obesity and frailty in older adults.

Objectives: This study examined whether a higher dietary inflammatory index (DII) is associated with the risk of sarcopenic obesity (SO) and frailty among Korean older adults.

Methods: A total of 950 participants aged 70-84 years, who completed the baseline nutrition survey of the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study, were included in the analysis. The DII, quantifying the dietary inflammatory potential, was calculated using 23 foods and nutrients as assessed by a 24-h dietary recall.

The associations of adherence to the Mediterranean diet with chronic dizziness and imbalance in community-dwelling adults: KNHANES 2019-2021.

Background: Dizziness and vertigo rank among the top 10 reasons for emergency and clinical referrals to neurologists. Chronic dizziness and imbalance not only reduce quality of life, but also increase mortality. While the Mediterranean diet has long been considered beneficial for human and planetary health, its effects on chronic dizziness or imbalance are understudied.

Impact of Omicron-Variant SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Depression and Anxiety: A Community-Based Study in Korea.

Objective: This study seeks to evaluate the association between the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the severity of depression and anxiety in the Korean community during the period dominated by the Omicron variant.

Methods: We used data from the 2022 Daejeon Mental Health Survey, involving data of 985 participants aged 19-69 years. The data collected included SARS-CoV-2 infection experience, days post-infection, and depression and anxiety symptoms evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-7, respectively.

Development of a sustainable diet index in US adults.

Background: A transformation towards healthy diets through a sustainable food system is essential to enhance both human and planet health. Development of a valid, multidimensional, quantitative index of a sustainable diet would allow monitoring progress in the US population. We evaluated the content and construct validity of a sustainable diet index for US adults (SDI-US) based on data collected at the individual level.

Associations of Ultra-Processed Food Intake with Body Fat and Skeletal Muscle Mass by Sociodemographic Factors.

Backgruound: The effects of excessive ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption on body composition measures or sociodemographic disparities are understudied in Korea. We aimed to investigate the association of UPF intake with percent body fat (PBF) and percent appendicular skeletal muscle mass (PASM) by sociodemographic status in adults.

Methods: This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011 (n=11,123 aged ≥40 years).

Sustainable dietary patterns and all-cause mortality among US adults.

Background: Sustainable dietary patterns that incorporate multiple dimensions may have benefits for both human health and the environment. We examined the association between sustainable dietary patterns assessed by using the Sustainable Diet Index-US (SDI-US) and mortality in US adults.

Methods: This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-18 (N = 22 414 aged ≥20 years).

Eating patterns in Korean adults, 1998-2018: increased energy contribution of ultra-processed foods in main meals and snacks.

Purpose: Unfavorable changes in eating patterns over time may contribute to upward trends in chronic diseases, such as obesity. We examined 20-year trends in the percentage of energy from main meals and snacks and the food sources of each eating occasion among Korean adults.

Methods: This study used nationally representative data from the 1st, 4th, and 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1998, 2007-2009, and 2016-2018) among adults aged 20-69 years (n = 29,389).

Rosen-Type Piezoelectric Transformers Based on 0.5Ba(ZrTi)O-0.5(BaCa)TiO Ceramic and Doped with SbO.

In this study, the characteristics in the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic 0.5Ba(ZrTi)O-0.5(BaCa)TiO (0.

Higher energy consumption in the evening is associated with increased odds of obesity and metabolic syndrome: findings from the 2016-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (7th KNHANES).

Objectives: Chrono-nutrition emphasizes meal timing in preventing obesity and metabolic disorders. This study explores the impact of temporal dietary patterns (TDPs) on obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean adults aged 20 years to 65 years.

Methods: We utilized dynamic time warping method and Kernel k-means clustering to investigate diet quality and the odds ratios (ORs) of obesity and MetS with different TDPs using data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

The cross-sectional association between a sustainable diet index and obesity among US adults.

Objective: Adopting multidimensional sustainable dietary patterns may be beneficial to human and planetary health. The cross-sectional association between a multidimensional sustainable diet index-US (SDI-US) and obesity in US adults was examined.

Methods: This study used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2007 to 2018 (n = 25,262).

Positive association of unhealthy plant-based diets with the incidence of abdominal obesity in Korea: a comparison of baseline, most recent, and cumulative average diets.

Objectives: Different approaches for analyzing repeated dietary measurements may yield differences in the magnitude and interpretation of findings. We aimed to compare 3 dietary measurements (baseline, most recent, and cumulative average) in terms of the association between plant-based diet indices (PDIs) and incident abdominal obesity in Korean adults aged 40-69 years.

Methods: This study included 6,054 participants (54% women) free of abdominal obesity (defined as waist circumference ≥90 cm for men and ≥85 cm for women) at baseline.

The role of nutritional status in the relationship between diabetes and health-related quality of life.

Background/objectives: The association between nutritional status and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is not fully understood. This study was conducted to understand the role of nutritional status on HRQoL among people with and without T2DM.

Subjects/methods: Structured survey and direct measurement of anthropometric data were conducted among people with and without T2DM.

Comparison of dietary share of ultra-processed foods assessed with a FFQ against a 24-h dietary recall in adults: results from KNHANES 2016.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of an FFQ for estimating dietary contributions of NOVA groups to individuals' diets with a specific focus on ultra-processed foods (UPF) compared with a single 24-h dietary recall (24HR).

Design: All consumed foods and beverages assess with both a 109-item FFQ and a single 24HR were classified into one of four NOVA groups: natural or minimally processed foods (MPF), processed culinary ingredients (PCI), processed foods (PF) and UPF. The contributions of each NOVA group to daily intakes of energy, protein, fat, saturated fat, carbohydrate, fibre and Na were expressed as crude intake, energy-adjusted intake and percentage intake.

Cumulative average nut consumption in relation to lower incidence of hypertension: a prospective cohort study of 10,347 adults.

Purpose: Maintaining optimal blood pressure (BP) levels can be an effective preventive strategy for reducing disease burden. Nut consumption may play a preventive role against hypertension, which is a lifelong condition. We aimed to prospectively examine the association between cumulative average nut consumption and the incidence of hypertension in Korean adults aged 40 years and older.

The longitudinal associations between trajectory of and quantity of alcohol consumption and subsequent changes in blood pressure levels among non-hypertensive adults.

Given the dynamic characteristic of an individual's drinking behaviours, comprehensive consideration of alcohol consumption variation using repeated measures may improve insight into the nature of its association with blood pressure (BP) change. We examined the association between longitudinal alcohol consumption (trajectory and quantity) and changes in BP and pulse pressure (PP) among Korean aged ≥ 40 years living in rural areas. Totally, 1682 hypertension-free participants who completed all three health examinations (median, 5·3 years) were included.