Resistance to organophosphate and pyrethroid and their underlying mechanism in Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) from dengue endemic sub-Himalayan West Bengal, India.

Dengue cases are increasing every year in the sub-Himalayan part of West Bengal, where Aedes albopictus (Skuse 1894) has emerged as a predominant dengue vector. Dengue management heavily relies on the recurrent application of chemical insecticides such as temephos (larvicide) and deltamethrin (adulticide). However Ae.

Supramolecular Gelators Derived from Fmoc-Amino Acid Conjugates of Mafenide for Treating Melanoma: Toward Developing Vehicle-Free Drug Delivery.

This study presents the development of supramolecular topical gels derived from Fmoc-amino acid conjugates of mafenide, a sulfonamide-containing drug, for plausible vehicle-free drug delivery (VFDD) against melanoma. Four conjugates─FmocV-M, FmocL-M, FmocI-M, and FmocF-M─were synthesized to balance hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity, promoting gelation via directional hydrogen bonding. These conjugates formed gels in DMSO/water and organic solvents such as methyl salicylate.

Designing anti-bacterial supramolecular gels from primary ammonium dicarboxylate (PAD) salts for self-delivery applications.

Primary ammonium dicarboxylate (PAD) salts often display 2D columnar hydrogen bonded networks known as the PAD supramolecular synthon in the context of crystal engineering. The PAD synthon is known to play an effective role in supramolecular gelation. Vehicle-free drug delivery (VFDD) vis-à-vis conventional drug delivery (CDD), is advantageous as it does not require any vehicle to deliver the drug.

Biomarker-driven drug repurposing for NAFLD-associated hepatocellular carcinoma using machine learning integrated ensemble feature selection.

The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), encompassing the more severe non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is rising alongside the surges in diabetes and obesity. Increasing evidence indicates that NASH is responsible for a significant share of idiopathic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases, a fatal cancer with a 5-year survival rate below 22%. Biomarkers can facilitate early screening and monitoring of at-risk NAFLD/NASH patients and assist in identifying potential drug candidates for treatment.

Axial chirality-induced rigidification in aminoboranes enhances persistent room-temperature phosphorescence and circularly polarized luminescence.

Long-lived triplet exciton harvesting materials are of immense interest for applications in bioimaging, optoelectronics, anticounterfeiting, and sensing. However, achieving persistent room-temperature phosphorescence (pRTP) in metal-free systems remains a significant challenge. Herein, we present purely organic axially chiral aminoboranes (R/S-(BN)₂) with enhanced pRTP properties and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL).

Unveiling the mechanism of amelioration of adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis by Drynaria quercifolia rhizome extract using network pharmacology and gene expression-based studies.

Rhizomes of Drynaria quercifolia have long been traditionally used to manage rheumatic pain. However, there is limited research supporting this traditional practice and insufficient evidence demonstrating the molecular mechanisms of action of plant-derived bioactives in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The current study aims to identify the effective components in Drynaria quercifolia methanol rhizome extract (DME) and their probable pharmacological mechanisms in alleviating Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) using network-pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular-dynamics simulations, and gene expression-based validation.

Tumor Microenvironment Dynamics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Under Radiation Therapy.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the absence of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and HER2 expression. While TNBC is relatively less common, accounting for only 10-15% of initial breast cancer diagnosis, due to its aggressive nature, it carries a worse prognosis in comparison to its hormone receptor-positive counterparts. Despite significant advancements in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer, TNBC remains an important public health burden.

Breast cancer stem cells convert anti-tumor CD4 T cells to pro-tumor T regulatory cells: Potential role of exosomal FOXP3.

Cancer progression and its treatment-response are regulated by the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-initiating cancer stem cells (CSCs) remain in constant communication with the TME, and modulate it through several mechanisms. Here, from in-silico findings and analyzing breast cancer patient tissue-derived data, CSCs and Tregs were found to be positively correlated.

From cell to organ: Exploring the toxicological correlation of organophosphorus compounds in living system.

Malathion is an organophosphate compound widely used as an insecticide in the agriculture sector and is toxic to humans and other mammals. Although several studies have been conducted at different levels in different animal models. But there is no work has been conducted on the toxicological correlation from cellular to behavioral level in surviving species model.

C1-inhibitor to prevent intracerebral hemorrhage-related secondary brain injury.

Background: Preclinical studies indicate that the systemic application of C1-inhibitor, clinically used to treat hereditary angioedema, reduces secondary brain injury after ischemic stroke. This study assessed the effect of C1-inhibitor on secondary brain injury after hemorrhagic stroke.

Methods: We used an established striatal whole-blood injection mouse model to mimic intracerebral hemorrhage-related secondary brain injury.

Systemic Codelivery of Thymoquinone and Doxorubicin by Targeted Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle Sensitizes Doxorubicin-Resistant Breast Cancer by Interfering between the MDR1/P-gp and miR 298 Crosstalk.

Multi drug resistance (MDR) in breast carcinoma still poses a significant impairment to successful chemotherapy. As the arsenal of anticancer agents increases with improved preclinical methods, the growth of therapeutic drug combinations is now unprecedented. The malignancies addressed by mono drugs often fail to limit cancer progression, resulting in resistant cancer, thereby offering combinatorial therapies a terrific edge over monodrug regimes.

Electronic Noise Spectroscopy of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Antiferromagnetic Semiconductors.

We investigated low-frequency current fluctuations, i.e., electronic noise, in FePS van der Waals layered antiferromagnetic semiconductor.

Structurally Dynamic Monocyte-Liposome Hybrid Vesicles as an Anticancer Drug Delivery Vehicle: A Crucial Correlation of Microscopic Elasticity and Ultrafast Dynamics.

A biomimetic cell-based carrier system based on monocyte membranes and liposomes has been designed to create a hybrid "Monocyte-LP" which inherits the surface antigens of the monocytes along with the drug encapsulation property of the liposome. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and polarization gated anisotropy measurements show the stiffness of the vesicles obtained from monocyte membranes (Mons), phosphatidylcholine membranes (LP), and Monocyte-LP to follow an increasing order of Mons > Monocyte-LP > LP. The dynamics of interface bound water molecules plays a key role in the elasticity of the vesicles, which in turn imparts higher delivery efficacy to the hybrid Monocyte-LP for a model anticancer drug doxorubicin than the other two vesicles, indicating a critical balance between flexibility and rigidity for an efficient cellular uptake.

Pyrrole C-B-N Fused Porphyrins: Molecular Structures and Opto-Electrochemical Studies.

Herein, we report the design, synthesis, structure, and electrochemical study of doubly C-B-N fused Ni(II) porphyrins (1-trans, 1-cis, 2-trans, and 2-cis). These compounds have been synthesized from AB type dipyridyl Ni(II) porphyrins (Ar=Ph for 1 a; Ar=CF for 2 a) via Lewis base-directed electrophilic aromatic borylation reactions. The solution state structures of these compounds have been established using H NMR, B NMR, H-H COSY, H-C HSQC, and F-C HSQC NMR techniques.

Characterisation of Lipoma-Preferred Partner as a Novel Mechanotransducer in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.

In arteries and arterioles, a chronic increase in blood pressure raises wall tension. This continuous biomechanical strain causes a change in gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) that may lead to pathological changes. Here we have characterised the functional properties of lipoma-preferred partner (LPP), a Lin11-Isl1-Mec3 (LIM)-domain protein, which is most closely related to the mechanotransducer zyxin but selectively expressed by smooth muscle cells, including VSMCs in adult mice.

A pilot phase Ib study to evaluate tadalafil to overcome immunosuppression during chemoradiotherapy for IDH-wild-type glioblastoma.

Background: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are critical regulators of immunosuppression and radioresistance in glioblastoma (GBM). The primary objective of this pilot phase Ib study was to validate the on-target effect of tadalafil on inhibiting MDSCs in peripheral blood and its safety when combined with chemoradiotherapy in GBM patients.

Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed IDH-wild-type GBM received radiation therapy (RT) and temozolomide (TMZ) combined with oral tadalafil for 2 months.

SCCA1/SERPINB3 suppresses antitumor immunity and blunts therapy-induced T cell responses via STAT-dependent chemokine production.

Patients with cancer who have high serum levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1 (SCCA1, now referred to as SERPINB3) commonly experience treatment resistance and have a poor prognosis. Despite being a clinical biomarker, the modulation of SERPINB3 in tumor immunity is poorly understood. We found positive correlations of SERPINB3 with CXCL1, CXCL8 (CXCL8/9), S100A8, and S100A9 (S100A8/A9) myeloid cell infiltration through RNA-Seq analysis of human primary cervical tumors.

High-Affinity Fluorescent Probes for the Detection of Soluble and Insoluble Aβ Deposits in Alzheimer's Disease.

The overproduction and deposition of the amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates are accountable for the genesis and development of the neurologic disorder Alzheimer's disease (AD). Effective medications and detection agents for AD are still deficient. General challenges for the diagnosis of Aβ aggregates in the AD brain are (i) crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and (ii) selectivity to Aβ species with (iii) emission maxima in the 500-750 nm region.

Vanillin Benzothiazole Derivative Reduces Cellular Reactive Oxygen Species and Detects Amyloid Fibrillar Aggregates in Alzheimer's Disease Brain.

The misfolding of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides into Aβ fibrillary aggregates is a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which responsible for the excess production of hydrogen peroxide (HO), a prominent reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the molecular oxygen (O) by the reduction of the Aβ-Cu(I) complex. The excessive production of HO causes oxidative stress and inflammation in the AD brain. Here, we have designed and developed a dual functionalized molecule VBD by using π-conjugation (C═C) in the backbone structure.

Radiation-induced circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells induce systemic lymphopenia after chemoradiotherapy in patients with glioblastoma.

Severe and prolonged lymphopenia frequently occurs in patients with glioblastoma after standard chemoradiotherapy and has been associated with worse survival, but its underlying biological mechanism is not well understood. To address this, we performed a correlative study in which we collected and analyzed peripheral blood of patients with glioblastoma ( = 20) receiving chemoradiotherapy using genomic and immune monitoring technologies. RNA sequencing analysis of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) showed an elevated concentration of myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) regulatory genes in patients with lymphopenia when compared with patients without lymphopenia after chemoradiotherapy.

A potent estrogen receptor and microtubule specific purine-benzothiazole-based fluorescent molecular probe induces apoptotic death of breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and is a heterogeneous disease at molecular level. Early detection and specificity are the key prerequisite for the treatment of this deadly cancer. To address these issues attention on the breast cancer specific receptor protein(s) is the most realistic option.

Sialylation-dependent pharmacokinetics and differential complement pathway inhibition are hallmarks of CR1 activity in vivo.

Human Complement Receptor 1 (HuCR1) is a potent membrane-bound regulator of complement both in vitro and in vivo, acting via interaction with its ligands C3b and C4b. Soluble versions of HuCR1 have been described such as TP10, the recombinant full-length extracellular domain, and more recently CSL040, a truncated version lacking the C-terminal long homologous repeat domain D (LHR-D). However, the role of N-linked glycosylation in determining its pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties is only partly understood.