Burnout related factors of infection control nurses in long-term care hospitals.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the burnout and related factors of infection control nurses in long-term care hospitals.

Methods: An anonymous, self-administered survey was conducted among 177 nursing home infection control nurses. The questionnaire included stress levels, self-efficacy, social support, and burnout.

3C3 alleviates atopic dermatitis-like phenotypes through cyclophilin A and B-mediated inhibition of calcineurin-NFAT pathway.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) disrupts a patients' quality of life and is associated with other atopic disorders, such as food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. Although topical medications are widely used, they have undesirable side effects, suggesting the need for treatments with improved efficacy and safety. In this study, we identified 3C3 as a candidate compound for AD treatment using in vitro TNFα-treated HaCaT keratinocytes and a DNFB-induced AD mouse model.

The Role of Quantification Values in the Visual Interpretation of Dopamine Transporter PET Images.

Background: This study aimed to identify the quantified uptake values that can aid the visual interpretation of dopamine transporter (DAT) PET images.

Patients And Methods: A total of 155 patients (82 men, 73 women; mean age 67.7 y) who underwent [ 18 F]-N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2β-carboxymethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane ( 18 F-FP-CIT) PET scans for suspected Parkinson disease were included.

Comparative Outcomes of Direct Versus Mesh Repair and Timing of Repair for Traumatic Abdominal Wall Hernias: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Traumatic abdominal wall hernia (TAWH) refers to the disruption of the muscular layers of the abdominal wall following blunt traumatic injury. There is a lack of consensus in the management of TAWH, particularly when trauma laparotomy for concurrent visceral injury is required. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate recurrence outcomes with repair technique (mesh vs.

Safety of Live Attenuated ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔLVR Vaccination in Sows With Advanced Pregnancies.

African swine fever (ASF) causes severe disease in domestic pigs and wild boars and often results in 100% mortality. The use of attenuated strains in ASF vaccine development, based on the most recently studied ASF virus (ASFV)-Georgia (ASFV-G) strain, has proven effective. In July 2023, Vietnam became the first country in the world to have two indigenously developed ASF vaccines approved for commercial sale locally.

Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in disseminated tuberculosis with bone marrow involvement and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: A case report and literature review.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB)-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and potentially fatal condition characterized by a hyperinflammatory response. Bone marrow TB poses unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, often leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Here, we report a case of disseminated TB with bone marrow involvement, characterized by unexplained fever, pancytopenia, liver dysfunction, and associated hemophagocytosis.

The Arg/N-degron pathway mediates the secretion of apoptotic exosomes under oxidative stress in cancer cell.

Exosomes from cancer cells are versatile mediators of cell-to-cell communication, whose cargoes are dynamically loaded in response to various stress conditions. In this study, we demonstrate that under oxidative stress, cancer cells secrete exosomes that induce apoptosis in neighboring cells via the Arg/N-degron pathway. In this mechanism, Rab interacting lysosomal protein (RILP) is cleaved at Asp75 in response to oxidative stress which requires ATE1 R-transferase.

Identifying Health Care Access Gaps in Areas of Oregon at High Risk of Respiratory Hospitalization During Wildfires.

Objectives: Wildfire smoke causes respiratory health concerns. The study estimates respiratory hospitalization risk from wildfires, determines distance to a hospital, and identifies concentrations of smoke-sensitive groups far from a hospital to facilitate public health and emergency preparedness in Oregon using spatial analysis.

Methods: Statistically significant environmental factors were identified with regression and used with wildfire and pollution concentrations to predict respiratory hospitalizations.

Intrarenal reflux is linked to subsequent kidney scarring: a retrospective study.

Background: This study investigates whether intrarenal reflux (pyelotubular backflow) is associated with kidney scarring in children with urinary tract infection (UTI).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 441 children diagnosed with UTI who underwent voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and a technetium-99 m dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scan more than 3 months after the UTI. Intrarenal reflux was identified on VCUG.

Structural analysis of YcdY, a member of the redox-enzyme maturation protein family.

Proteins of the NarJ subfamily from facultatively or obligately anaerobic bacteria play key roles as chaperones in folding and cofactor insertion for complex iron-sulfur molybdoenzymes (CISMs), which mediate energy production under anaerobic conditions. YcdY was identified as a NarJ subfamily member but was proposed to increase the catalytic activity of the non-CISM enzyme YcdX phosphatase, presumably by inserting a zinc cofactor into YcdX. To elucidate the structural features of YcdY required for its chaperone function, we determined the crystal structure of Enterobacter cloacae YcdY (enYcdY).

Inhibitory effects of kukoamine B on adipogenesis and lipid accumulation in vitro and obesity in vivo.

Obesity, characterized by excessive adipose tissue accumulation, is an important risk factor for the development of several chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of kukoamine B (KB), a major component of the Lycii Radicis Cortex (LRC), on adipogenesis and lipid accumulation in vitro and further assess its role in obesity in vivo. For the in vitro experiments, 3T3-L1 cells and primary-cultured adipose-derived stem cells were used.

Giant lipoma in the anterior region of the neck: A case report of a rare condition and review of literature.

Lipomas are benign and very common subcutaneous tumors of adipose tissue, which may occur anywhere in the body. Lipomas in head and neck regions are extremely rare. A giant neck lipoma is classified as a lesion greater than 10 cm in one dimension or weighing more than 1000 g.

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Cutlassfish Head Peptone in RAW 264.7 Macrophages.

The rapid growth of the fisheries industry has resulted in numerous by-products, usually called waste, causing environmental and economic challenges. Recent advances in valorization techniques have highlighted the potential of these by-products as sources of bioactive compounds. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of cutlassfish head peptone (CP) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.

Harnessing native blueprints for designing bioinks to bioprint functional cardiac tissue.

Cardiac tissue lacks regenerative capacity, making heart transplantation the primary treatment for end-stage heart failure. Engineered cardiac tissues developed through three-dimensional bioprinting (3DBP) offer a promising alternative. However, reproducing the native structure, cellular diversity, and functionality of cardiac tissue requires advanced cardiac bioinks.

Metal-Phenolic Coordination mediated Nanoemulsions for All-in-One Drug Delivery.

Combination chemotherapy is a promising strategy for cancer treatment, enhancing antitumor efficacy while minimizing drug resistance and mitigating the risk of single-drug overdose toxicity. Polymeric drug delivery carriers for combination chemotherapy have been developed; however, the synthetic process of amphiphilic polymers is time-consuming and laborious. The polymer entanglement-based drug encapsulation has been limited in achieving a high multidrug encapsulation efficiency because of the intrinsic preference for encapsulation of drugs upon their polarity.

F-18 FDG PET-derived imaging biomarkers of airway inflammation and their clinical associations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Airway inflammation is believed to play a crucial role in the development and progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, no study has yet employed quantified imaging biomarkers to assess airway inflammation in patients with NSCLC. This study aimed to validate the hypothesis that airway inflammation is more pronounced in a large cohort of patients with NSCLC compared to controls, using airway imaging biomarkers derived from fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), as well as to explore their associations with clinical parameters.

African Swine Fever Vaccine Candidate ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔLVR Protects Against Homologous Virulent Challenge and Exhibits Long-Term Maintenance of Antibodies.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) has substantially spread worldwide, resulting in significant economic losses in the swine industry. Despite extensive research, no ASF vaccine has surpassed the effectiveness of live attenuated vaccines. For instance, the live attenuated vaccine ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔLVR has demonstrated good efficacy and safety, along with prolonged persistence of ASF antibodies after vaccination.

The Ubiquitin Code in Disease Pathogenesis and Progression: Composition, Characteristics and its Potential as a Therapeutic Target.

Conjugation of substrate proteins with ubiquitin (Ub), a 76 amino acid protein, was discovered as the first major translational modification responsible for protein degradation. Ubiquitination occurs as a cascade among ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), and ubiquitin ligases (E3) enzymes that transfer and covalently conjugate Ub to the lysine (Lys) residue and α-amino group in methionine (Met) residues of substrates. Following the initial conjugation, Ub itself then undergoes ubiquitination via its seven lysine residues (K6, K11, K27, K29, K33, K48, and K63) and N-terminal methionine (M1).

Drosophila ubiquitin-specific peptidase 14 stabilizes the PERIOD protein by regulating a ubiquitin ligase SLIMB.

The circadian clock orchestrates behavior and physiology through the oscillation of key clock proteins like PERIOD (PER). Here, we investigate the role of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 14 (USP14) in modulating PER stability and circadian rhythms in Drosophila. We find that overexpression of USP14 in clock cells reduces PER protein levels without altering its mRNA levels whereas USP14 knockdown increases PER protein levels, suggesting that USP14 regulates PER post-translationally.

Oxidative Stress and Risk of Dementia in Older Patients with Depression: A Longitudinal Cohort Study Using Plasma Biomarkers.

: While depression is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's dementia (AD), traditional AD-related biomarkers, such as amyloid-beta, have shown limited predictive value for late-life depression. Oxidative stress has emerged as a potential indicator given its shared role in both depression and dementia. This study investigated the longitudinal relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers and risk of dementia in patients with depression.

Establishing cutoff values for visual amyloid positivity in [F]flutemetamol PET.

Background: This study aimed to establish the optimal cutoff values for visual amyloid positivity using standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) in [F]flutemetamol (FMM) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Given the variability in amyloid assessment, our goal was to determine cutoff values that enhance diagnostic accuracy and assist clinicians in reliably identifying amyloid positivity.

Results: The identified cutoff values for visual amyloid positivity were > 1.

Automated Measurement of Effective Radiation Dose by F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography.

Background/objectives: Calculating the radiation dose from CT in F-PET/CT examinations poses a significant challenge. The objective of this study is to develop a deep learning-based automated program that standardizes the measurement of radiation doses.

Methods: The torso CT was segmented into six distinct regions using TotalSegmentator.

Evaluation of the Diagnostic Efficacy of the AI-Based Software INF-M01 in Detecting Suspicious Areas of Bladder Cancer Using Cystoscopy Images.

We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the artificial intelligence (AI)-based software INF-M01 in diagnosing suspected bladder tumors using cystoscopy images. Additionally, we aimed to assess the ability of INF-M01 to distinguish and mark suspected bladder cancer using whole cystoscopy images. : A randomized retrospective clinical trial was conducted using a total of 5670 cystoscopic images provided by three institutions, comprising 1890 images each (486 bladder cancer images and 1404 normal images).

Evaluation of the cardiotoxicity of Echinochrome A using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac organoids.

Echinochrome A (EchA), a marine-derived natural product, has shown promise in treating cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its cardiac safety remains underexplored. In this study, we utilized human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac organoids (hCOs) to validate their ability to model the cardiac safety profile of EchA in a human-relevant system.

Odd-Numbered Agaro-Oligosaccharides Produced by α-Neoagaro-Oligosaccharide Hydrolase Exert Antioxidant Activity in Human Dermal Fibroblasts.

Agarases produce agar oligosaccharides with various structures exhibiting diverse physiological activities. α-Neoagaro-oligosaccharide hydrolase (α-NAOSH) specifically cleaves even-numbered neoagaro-oligosaccharides, producing 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose (l-AHG) and odd-numbered agaro-oligosaccharides (OAOSs). In this study, α-NAOSH from the agar-degrading marine bacterium JEA5 (Gaa117) was purified and characterized using an expression system to produce OAOSs and determine their bioactivity.