Analyses of biomarkers for tremor using local field potentials recorded from deep brain stimulation electrodes in the thalamus.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) of the thalamus (TH) is an effective therapy for suppressing tremor. One of the critical challenges to optimizing VIM-DBS therapy is the lack of robust neural biomarkers that correlate well with tremor.

Objective: To quantify biomarkers for tremor using intraoperative TH local field potential (LFP) recorded from DBS electrodes.

Cerebral Blood Flow Responses to Extracranial Alternating Current Brain Stimulation in CVN Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease: A Pilot Study Determining Optimal Dose.

Introduction: Insufficient metabolic supply in response to neural demand is a key mechanism of degeneration in Alzheimer's disease [AD]. However, extracranial alternating current [AC] stimulation can increase cerebral blood flow [CBF] and metabolic substrate supply to the brain. In this work, we investigate in an initial, pilot study the optimal dosage of extracranial AC brain stimulation appropriate for long-term treatment to retard degeneration in a mouse AD model [CVN].

Corrigendum: Proceedings of the 12th annual deep brain stimulation think tank: cutting edge technology meets novel applications.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2025.

Low-Frequency Dual Target Deep Brain Stimulation May Relieve Parkinsonian Symptoms.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) reduces the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. The two most common targets are the subthalamic nucleus and the globus pallidus. Dual target deep brain stimulation may better reduce symptoms and minimize side effects, but the optimal parameters of dual target deep brain stimulation and their potential interactions are unknown.

Proceedings of the 12th annual deep brain stimulation think tank: cutting edge technology meets novel applications.

The Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Think Tank XII was held on August 21st to 23rd. This year we showcased groundbreaking advancements in neuromodulation technology, focusing heavily on the novel uses of existing technology as well as next-generation technology. Our keynote speaker shared the vision of using neuro artificial intelligence to predict depression using brain electrophysiology.

Potent and broad HIV-1 neutralization in fusion peptide-primed SHIV-infected macaques.

An antibody-based HIV-1 vaccine will require the induction of potent cross-reactive HIV-1-neutralizing responses. To demonstrate feasibility toward this goal, we combined vaccination targeting the fusion-peptide site of vulnerability with infection by simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV). In four macaques with vaccine-induced neutralizing responses, SHIV infection boosted plasma neutralization to 45%-77% breadth (geometric mean 50% inhibitory dilution [ID] ∼100) on a 208-strain panel.

Administration of anti-HIV-1 broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies with increased affinity to Fcγ receptors during acute SHIV infection.

Anti-HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) have the dual potential of mediating virus neutralization and antiviral effector functions through their Fab and Fc domains, respectively. So far, bNAbs with enhanced Fc effector functions in vitro have only been tested in NHPs during chronic simian-HIV (SHIV) infection. Here, we investigate the effects of administering in acute SHIV infection either wild-type (WT) bNAbs or bNAbs carrying the S239D/I332E/A330L (DEL) mutation, which increases binding to FcγRs.

Antibodies targeting the fusion peptide on the HIV envelope provide protection to rhesus macaques against mucosal SHIV challenge.

The fusion peptide (FP) on the HIV-1 envelope (Env) trimer can be targeted by broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). Here, we evaluated the ability of a human FP-directed bNAb, VRC34.01, along with two vaccine-elicited anti-FP rhesus macaque mAbs, DFPH-a.

At home adaptive dual target deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease with proportional control.

Continuous deep brain stimulation (cDBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or globus pallidus is an effective treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. The relative benefit of one region over the other is of great interest but cannot usually be compared in the same patient. Simultaneous DBS of both regions may synergistically increase the therapeutic benefit.

Hyaluronic acid-British anti-Lewisite as a safer chelation therapy for the treatment of arthroplasty-related metallosis.

Cobalt-containing alloys are useful for orthopedic applications due to their low volumetric wear rates, corrosion resistance, high mechanical strength, hardness, and fatigue resistance. Unfortunately, these prosthetics release significant levels of cobalt ions, which was only discovered after their widespread implantation into patients requiring hip replacements. These cobalt ions can result in local toxic effects-including peri-implant toxicity, aseptic loosening, and pseudotumor-as well as systemic toxic effects-including neurological, cardiovascular, and endocrine disorders.

Temporally non-regular patterns of deep brain stimulation (DBS) enhance assessment of evoked potentials while maintaining motor symptom management in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Background: Traditional deep brain stimulation (DBS) at fixed regular frequencies (>100 Hz) is effective in treating motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Temporally non-regular patterns of DBS are a new parameter space that may help increase efficacy and efficiency.

Objective: To compare the effects of temporally non-regular patterns of DBS to traditional regularly-spaced pulses.

Individual differences in memory disruption caused by simulated cellphone notifications.

People who read and dismiss distracting notifications while performing academic or professional tasks may pay a high cognitive price. Multimedia interruptions clearly impair comprehension and memory; however, their impact may depend on the individual's cognitive abilities and experiences. In a pilot study and two experiments, we explored the effects of three levels of distraction from cellphone notifications (no notifications, dismiss notifications and read notifications) on memory for categorised word lists.

A comparison of an implanted accelerometer with a wearable accelerometer for closed-loop DBS.

Sensing technology, as well as cloud communication, is enabling the development of closed-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease. The accelerometer is a practical sensor that can provide information about the disease/health state of the patient as well as physical activity levels, all of which in the long-term can provide feedback information to an adaptive closed-loop control algorithm for more effective and personalized DBS therapy. In this paper, we present for the first time, acceleration streamed from Medtronic's RC+S device in patients with Parkinson's disease while at home, and compare it to accel-eration acquired concurrently from the patient's Apple Watch.

Evoked potentials generated by deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease.

Background And Objectives: The goal of this review is to describe the general features, mechanisms, technical recording factors, and clinical applications of brain evoked potentials (EPs) generated by deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease (PD).

Results: Evoked potentials in response to DBS pulses occur on the timescale of milliseconds and are found both locally at the site of stimulation and remotely in the cortex. DBS evoked potentials arise from a complex integration of antidromic and orthodromic conduction pathway responses, and provide information valuable for understanding the mechanisms and circuits involved in symptom treatment.

Bone marrow endothelial dysfunction promotes myeloid cell expansion in cardiovascular disease.

Abnormal hematopoiesis advances cardiovascular disease by generating excess inflammatory leukocytes that attack the arteries and the heart. The bone marrow niche regulates hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and hence the systemic leukocyte pool, but whether cardiovascular disease affects the hematopoietic organ's microvasculature is unknown. Here we show that hypertension, atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction (MI) instigate endothelial dysfunction, leakage, vascular fibrosis and angiogenesis in the bone marrow, altogether leading to overproduction of inflammatory myeloid cells and systemic leukocytosis.

Safety and Immunogenicity of a Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine - An Interim Analysis.

Waning immunity after two SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations and the emergence of variants precipitated the need for a third dose of vaccine. We evaluated early safety and immunogenicity after a third mRNA vaccination in adults who received the mRNA-1273 primary series in the Phase 1 trial approximately 9 to 10 months earlier. The booster vaccine formulations included 100 mcg of mRNA-1273, 50 mcg of mRNA-1273.

mRNA-1273 or mRNA-Omicron boost in vaccinated macaques elicits similar B cell expansion, neutralizing responses, and protection from Omicron.

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is highly transmissible and has substantial resistance to neutralization following immunization with ancestral spike-matched vaccines. It is unclear whether boosting with Omicron-matched vaccines would enhance protection. Here, nonhuman primates that received mRNA-1273 at weeks 0 and 4 were boosted at week 41 with mRNA-1273 or mRNA-Omicron.

Initial Clinical Outcome With Bilateral, Dual-Target Deep Brain Stimulation Trial in Parkinson Disease Using Summit RC + S.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective therapy in advanced Parkinson disease (PD). Although both subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus (GP) DBS show equivalent efficacy in PD, combined stimulation may demonstrate synergism.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical benefit of stimulating a combination of STN and GP DBS leads and to demonstrate biomarker discovery for adaptive DBS therapy in an observational study.