Cognitive rehabilitation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: combining metacognitive strategy and direct training to improve daily cognitive functioning.

Objective: Approximately half of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors have enduring cognitive impairment. This study investigated the effectiveness of a combined cognitive rehabilitation approach, combining metacognitive strategy training with direct computerized-training, to improve cognitive functioning in daily life after OHCA.

Method: A single-case experimental design with a non-concurrent multiple baseline was used including five participants.

Caregiver burden and impact on COVID-19 patient participation and quality of life one year after ICU discharge - A prospective cohort study.

Objectives: to investigate changes in caregiver strain, mental health complaints and QoL in caregivers of COVID-19 ICU survivors in the first year after discharge, and their associations with patients' participation and quality of life.

Methods: Post-ICU COVID-19 survivors, needing inpatient rehabilitation and their informal caregivers were included. Caregiver self-administered questionnaires included quality of life, self-rated health, caregiver strain, anxiety and depression symptoms, post-traumatic stress and coping style.

Sex comparisons in the association of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes with cognitive function, depression, and quality of life: The Maastricht study.

Aims: There are sex differences in the excess risk of diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease. However, it is not clear whether these sex differences exist with regard to other complications like mental health aspects. Therefore, we investigated sex differences in the association of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) with cognitive function, depression, and quality of life (QoL).

Sex differences in body composition in people with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes as compared with people with normal glucose metabolism: the Maastricht Study.

Aims/hypothesis: Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes. However, body composition differs between women and men. In this study we investigate the association between diabetes status and body composition and whether this association is moderated by sex.

Life after COVID-19: the road from intensive care back to living - a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate recovery of participation in post-COVID-19 patients during the first year after intensive care unit (ICU) discharge. The secondary aim was to identify the early determinants associated with recovery of participation.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

A change of perspective? An explorative study on why patients may not subjectively report cognitive impairments after a cardiac arrest.

Aim: Cardiac arrest survivors are at risk of long-term cognitive impairment. Patients with cognitive impairments do not always have cognitive complaints and vice versa. Not reporting cognitive complaints could be caused by a lack of awareness.

Acute Traumatic Stress Screening Can Identify Patients and Their Partners at Risk for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms After a Cardiac Arrest: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent in patients who have had a cardiac arrest and their partners. Accordingly, acute traumatic stress screening is recommended, but its association with later PTSD symptoms has never been addressed in postresuscitation settings.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether acute traumatic stress is associated with PTSD symptoms in patients who have had a cardiac arrest and their partners.

Health burden in type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in The Maastricht Study.

Mortality in type 2 diabetes, is determined not only by classical complications, but also by comorbidities, and is linked to hyperglycaemia and apparent even in prediabetes. We aimed to comprehensively investigate, in a population-based cohort, health burden defined as the presence of comorbidities in addition to classical complications and cardiometabolic risk factors, in not only type 2 diabetes but also prediabetes. Such population-based study has not been performed previously.

Topical Imiquimod Treatment of High-grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (TOPIC-3): A Nonrandomized Multicenter Study.

Topical imiquimod could be an alternative, noninvasive, treatment modality for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). However, evidence is limited, and there are no studies that compared treatment effectiveness and side effects of topical imiquimod cream to standard large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) treatment. A multi-center, nonrandomized controlled trial was performed among women with a histologic diagnosis of CIN 2/3.

Peer Support to Enhance Social and Emotional Self-Management Following Acquired Brain Injury Rehabilitation: Design of a Pre-post Study With Process Evaluation.

Specialized rehabilitation following acquired brain injury provides intensive multidisciplinary treatment to individuals with complex disabilities for optimizing recovery and supporting a safe transition to the community. Post-specialist rehabilitation, patients and caregivers have reported a need for support. We present the design of an implementation study to evaluate a new self-management support service for individuals with acquired brain injury and their caregivers.

Low-grade inflammation and endothelial dysfunction predict four-year risk and course of depressive symptoms: The Maastricht study.

Background: Low-grade inflammation (LGI) and endothelial dysfunction (ED) might play a key role in the development of depression. We investigated the associations and mediation of LGI and ED with four-year incidence and course of depressive symptoms (remitted, recurrent or persistent).

Design, Setting, Participants, Measurements: In this prospective cohort study (mean age 59.

Sex differences in the association of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes with microvascular complications and function: The Maastricht Study.

Background: Women with type 2 diabetes are disproportionally affected by macrovascular complications; we here investigated whether this is also the case for microvascular complications and retinal microvascular measures.

Methods: In a population-based cohort study of individuals aged 40-75 years (n = 3410; 49% women, 29% type 2 diabetes (oversampled by design)), we estimated sex-specific associations, and differences therein, of (pre)diabetes (reference: normal glucose metabolism), and of continuous measures of glycemia with microvascular complications and retinal measures (nephropathy, sensory neuropathy, and retinal arteriolar and venular diameters and dilatation). Sex differences were analyzed using regression models with interaction terms (i.

Sex Disparities in Cardiovascular Risk Factor Assessment and Screening for Diabetes-Related Complications in Individuals With Diabetes: A Systematic Review.

Background: Insight in sex disparities in the detection of cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes-related complications may improve diabetes care. The aim of this systematic review is to study whether sex disparities exist in the assessment of cardiovascular risk factors and screening for diabetes-related complications.

Methods: PubMed was systematically searched up to April 2020, followed by manual reference screening and citations checks (snowballing) using Google Scholar.

Sex differences in cardiometabolic risk factors, pharmacological treatment and risk factor control in type 2 diabetes: findings from the Dutch Diabetes Pearl cohort.

Introduction: Sex differences in cardiometabolic risk factors and their management in type 2 diabetes (T2D) have not been fully identified. Therefore, we aimed to examine differences in cardiometabolic risk factor levels, pharmacological treatment and achievement of risk factor control between women and men with T2D.

Research Design And Methods: Cross-sectional data from the Dutch Diabetes Pearl cohort were used (n=6637, 40% women).

Sex differences in the risk of vascular disease associated with diabetes.

Diabetes is a strong risk factor for vascular disease. There is compelling evidence that the relative risk of vascular disease associated with diabetes is substantially higher in women than men. The mechanisms that explain the sex difference have not been identified.

Drug utilization in the Maastricht Study: A comparison with nationwide data.

Within the southern region of the Netherlands, the Maastricht Study is an on-going observational prospective population-based cohort study that focuses on the etiology of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Representativeness of the participating population is a crucial but often an unknown factor in population-based cohort studies such as the Maastricht Study. We therefore aimed to assess the representativeness of the study population by comparing drug utilization of the participants of the Maastricht Study with the general population of the Netherlands.

Adverse differences in cardiometabolic risk factor levels between individuals with pre-diabetes and normal glucose metabolism are more pronounced in women than in men: the Maastricht Study.

Objective: To investigate whether adverse differences in levels of cardiovascular risk factors in women than men, already established when comparing individuals with and without diabetes, are also present before type 2 diabetes onset.

Research Design And Methods: In a population-based cohort study of individuals aged 40-75 years (n=3410; 49% women, 29% type 2 diabetes (oversampled by design)), we estimated associations with cardiometabolic and lifestyle risk factors of (1) pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes (reference category: normal glucose metabolism) and (2) among non-diabetic individuals, of continuous levels of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Age-adjusted sex differences were analyzed using linear and logistic regression models with sex interaction terms.

Association of artificially sweetened and sugar-sweetened soft drinks with β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and type 2 diabetes: the Maastricht Study.

Purpose: Artificially sweetened and sugar-sweetened beverage consumptions have both been reported to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) risk. The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential underlying associations with dynamic pancreatic β-cell function (BCF) and insulin sensitivity.

Methods: We evaluated cross-sectional associations in 2240 individuals (mean ± SD age 59.

Sex differences in cardiovascular risk management for people with diabetes in primary care: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Diabetes is a stronger risk factor for cardiovascular complications in women than men.

Aim: To evaluate whether there are sex differences in cardiovascular risk management in patients with diabetes in primary care.

Design & Setting: A cross-sectional study was undertaken using data from 12 512 individuals with diabetes within the Dutch Julius General Practitioners Network (JGPN) from 2013.

Improved quantification of muscle insulin sensitivity using oral glucose tolerance test data: the MISI Calculator.

The Muscle Insulin Sensitivity Index (MISI) has been developed to estimate muscle-specific insulin sensitivity based on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) data. To date, the score has been implemented with considerable variation in literature and initial positive evaluations were not reproduced in subsequent studies. In this study, we investigate the computation of MISI on oral OGTT data with differing sampling schedules and aim to standardise and improve its calculation.

Metformin use in type 2 diabetic patients is not associated with lower arterial stiffness: the Maastricht Study.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with cardiovascular disease complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke. These complications are at least partially the consequence of diabetes-associated increased arterial stiffness. Metformin, a first choice oral glucose-lowering drug, has been associated with potential cardio-protective effects.

Prediabetes Is Associated With Structural Brain Abnormalities: The Maastricht Study.

Objective: Structural brain abnormalities are key risk factors for brain diseases, such as dementia, stroke, and depression, in type 2 diabetes. It is unknown whether structural brain abnormalities already occur in prediabetes. Therefore, we investigated whether both prediabetes and type 2 diabetes are associated with lacunar infarcts (LIs), white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and brain atrophy.

Consumption of dairy products in relation to the presence of clinical knee osteoarthritis: The Maastricht Study.

Purpose: Observational studies showed inverse associations between milk consumption and knee osteoarthritis (knee OA). There is lack of information on the role of specific dairy product categories. We explored the association between dairy consumption and the presence of knee osteoarthritis in 3010 individuals aged 40-75 years participating in The Maastricht Study.

Which is more important for cardiometabolic health: sedentary time, higher intensity physical activity or cardiorespiratory fitness? The Maastricht Study.

Aims/hypotheses: Our aim was to examine the independent and combined (cross-sectional) associations of sedentary time (ST), higher intensity physical activity (HPA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with metabolic syndrome and diabetes status.

Methods: In 1933 adults (aged 40-75 years) ST and HPA (surrogate measure for moderate to vigorous physical activity) were measured with the activPAL3. CRF was assessed by submaximal cycle-ergometer testing.