Integrative taxonomy uncovers four novel species of Drawida Michaelsen, 1900 (Clitellata: Moniligastridae) revealing untapped earthworm diversity in India.

Background: The earthworm fauna of India remains inadequately documented, despite its pivotal ecological importance, and there is a pressing need to address this gap. Recognizing this lack of comprehensive documentation, the present study was undertaken to explore and characterize the diversity in previously under-surveyed regions. During systematic surveys in Madhya Pradesh (Central India) and Manipur (North-Eastern India), four novel species of the genus Drawida Michaelsen, 1900 were discovered: D.

Estimating the effect of tissue- and blood-derived cell reference matrices on deconvolving bulk transcriptomic datasets.

Cell deconvolution is a widely used method to characterize the composition of the mixed cell population in bulk transcriptomic datasets. While tissue- and blood-derived cell reference matrices (CRMs) are commonly used, their impact on deconvolution accuracy has yet to be systematically evaluated. In this study, we developed tissue- and blood-derived CRMs using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Cyrene: A Novel Geroprotective Compound that Extends Lifespan and Healthspan in and .

As aging is the primary risk factor for many chronic diseases, geroscience aims to target aging to delay age-related decline. Here, we identify Cyrene (dihydrolevoglucosenone), a sustainable, biocompatible solvent, as a novel geroprotective compound. Cyrene extends lifespan and healthspan in , improving locomotor function and resistance to oxidative, thermal, osmotic, genotoxic, and proteotoxic stress.

An insulin-sensitive Drosophila insulin-like receptor mutant remodels methionine metabolism to extend lifespan.

Insulin/insulin growth factor signaling is a conserved pathway that regulates lifespan across many species. Multiple mechanisms are proposed for how this altered signaling slows aging. To elaborate these causes, we recently developed a series of Drosophila insulin-like receptor (dInr) mutants with single amino acid substitutions that extend lifespan but differentially affect insulin sensitivity, growth and reproduction.

Ultrasound-assisted isolation, quality characterization of finger millet () starch, and comparison with conventional isolation methods.

Unlabelled: Starch has many applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Finger millet is an underutilized cereal crop and a potentially viable source of starch. The conventional methods of starch isolation result in contamination and starch degradation.

Dietary methionine restriction started late in life promotes healthy aging in a sex-specific manner.

Aging is associated with dysregulated methionine metabolism and increased levels of enzymes in the tyrosine degradation pathway (TDP). To investigate the efficacy of targeting either methionine metabolism or the TDP for healthspan improvement in advanced age, we initiated dietary MetR or TDP inhibition in 18-month-old C57BL/6J mice. MetR significantly improved neuromuscular function, metabolic health, lung function, and frailty.

Retraction notice to "Ecotoxicity assessment for environmental risk and consideration for assessing the impact of silver nanoparticles on soil earthworms" [Heliyon 8 (2022) e11167].

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Discovery of a novel species of the genus Perionyx Perrier, 1872 (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Manipur, North-Eastern Region, India.

The study introduces a new species, Perionyx browantlerus Tiwari & Yadav sp. nov. identified in the north-eastern region of India, particularly in Manipur State.

Three Novel Species of Earthworms of Genus Metaphire Sims and Easton, 1972 from Manipur, India.

The systematics of pheretimoids have been hindered by limited diagnostic traits and extensive homoplasy. This study utilized an integrative taxonomic approach, combining morpho-anatomical traits and mitochondrial COI data, to delineate species and clarify phylogenetic relationships among Indian pheretimoids. Three new species of Metaphire (Megascolecidae) were identified: Metaphire manipurensis Tiwari & Yadav sp.

Electronic panel for sensory assessment of food: A review on technologies integration and their benefits.

Sensory assessment of food has been the measure for the acceptance or rejection of it in the market. However, the methods employed require human panels which are expensive. They have also been associated with various psychological and physiological biases being reported.

Mutation of an insulin-sensitive insulin-like receptor mutant requires methionine metabolism reprogramming to extend lifespan.

Insulin/insulin growth factor signaling is a conserved pathway that regulates lifespan across many species. Multiple mechanisms are proposed for how this altered signaling slows aging. To elaborate these causes, we recently developed a series of insulin-like receptor () mutants with single amino acid substitutions that extend lifespan but differentially affect insulin sensitivity, growth and reproduction.

Metagenomic insights of microbial functions under conventional and conservation agriculture.

Agricultural practices such as conventional (CN) and conservation agriculture (CA) influence the composition and structure of soil microorganisms. We used short reads and genome-resolved metagenomic-based dual sequencing approaches to create a profile of bacterial and archaeal communities in hyperthermic Typic Haplustepts soil after seven years of CA and CN. The most differences in the physico-chemical and biological properties of soil were higher pH, organics carbon, available nitrogen and microbial biomass contents, activities of dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, and arylsulfatase, found in CA soil.

Biosynthesis of a range of ZnO nanoparticles utilising Salvia hispanica L. seed extract and evaluation of their bioactivity.

Zinc deficiency precipitates considerable health problems in developing countries, affecting development, growth, and immunological function. The main issue is that zinc exhibits limited bioavailability in diets, sometimes compounded by the high concentration of phytate molecules in staple foods, which impedes zinc absorption. Nanoparticles offer a promising approach to improve zinc bioavailability and address deficiency through the application of advanced agricultural techniques.

Tissue-specific modulation of NADH consumption as an anti-aging intervention in Drosophila.

Aging is characterized by extensive metabolic dysregulation. Redox coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) can exist in oxidized (NAD) or reduced (NADH) states, which together form a key NADH/NAD redox pair. Total levels of NAD decline with age in a tissue-specific manner, thereby playing a significant role in the aging process.

Immunotherapy for Type 1 Diabetes: Mechanistic Insights and Impact of Delivery Systems.

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells, leading to hyperglycemia and various complications. Despite insulin replacement therapy, there is a need for therapies targeting the underlying autoimmune response. This review aims to explore the mechanistic insights into T1D pathogenesis and the impact of delivery systems on immunotherapy.

An Annotated Checklist of Earthworms (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta) of Indo-Gangetic Plains of India.

A checklist of earthworm species hitherto known from Indo-Gangetic Plains of India is presented. In total, 98 species and subspecies are recorded, belonging to 33 genera spread over 9 families. Of these, 38 species are recognized as endemics and 34 as exotics.

Biological monitoring of soil pollution caused by two different zinc species using earthworms.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are commonly used in both commercial and agricultural sectors. As a result, ZnO-NPs are extensively discharged into soil ecosystems, creating a significant environmental issue. Therefore, it is crucial to assess their influence on the soil ecology to ensure its secure and enduring utilization in the future.

Optimization of spray-drying process for the microencapsulation of (MCC 2974) in ultrasound hydrated finger millet milk.

Spray drying process was optimized for the development of probiotic finger millet milk powder. The independent parameters considered were inlet air temperature, maltodextrin content, and feed rate depending upon the preliminary trials. The major dependent quality parameters considered in the current work were moisture content, water activity, powder yield, encapsulation efficiency, and viability reduction.

Unique tau- and synuclein-dependent metabolic reprogramming in neurons distinct from normal aging.

Neuronal cells are highly specialized cells and have a specific metabolic profile to support their function. It has been demonstrated that the metabolic profiles of different cells/tissues undergo significant reprogramming with advancing age, which has often been considered a contributing factor towards aging-related diseases including Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases. However, it is unclear if the metabolic changes associated with normal aging predispose neurons to disease conditions or a distinct set of metabolic alterations happen in neurons in AD or PD which might contribute to disease pathologies.

Complex Hygroscopic Behavior of Ambient Aerosol Particles Revealed by a Piezoelectric Technique.

Understanding the complex interactions between atmospheric aerosols and water vapor in subsaturated regions of the atmosphere is crucial for modeling and predicting aerosol-cloud-radiation-climate interactions. However, the microphysical mechanisms of these interactions for ambient aerosols remain poorly understood. For this study, size-resolved samples were collected from a high-altitude, relatively clean site situated in the Western Ghats of India during the monsoon season, in order to study background and preindustrial processes as a baseline for climate functioning within the context of the most polluted region of the world.

IBDTransDB: a manually curated transcriptomic database for inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) therapies are ineffective in at least 40% patients, and transcriptomic datasets have been widely used to reveal the pathogenesis and to identify the novel drug targets for these patients. Although public IBD transcriptomic datasets are available from many web-based tools/databases, due to the unstructured metadata and data description of these public datasets, most of these tools/databases do not allow querying datasets based on multiple keywords (e.g.

An open-hardware community ice nucleation cold stage for research and teaching.

Aerosol particles with rare specific properties act as nuclei for ice formation. The presence of ice nucleating particles in the atmosphere leads to heterogeneous freezing at warm temperatures and thus these particles play an important role in modulating microphysical properties of clouds. This work presents an ice nucleation cold stage instrument for measuring the concentration of ice nucleating particles in liquids.

A Novel RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Vilanterol Trifenatate, Umeclidinium Bromide and Fluticasone Furoate in Inhalation Dry Powder Formulation.

The dry powder inhalation formulation containing vilanterol trifenatate, umeclidinium bromide and fluticasone furoate intended for the therapy of bronchospasm related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma was selected for the development and validation of a novel, selective, accurate, precise, quick and cost-efficient reversed-phase, high-performance liquid chromatography method. Neither an official monograph nor a single method has yet been published for the simultaneous estimation of these three compounds, which makes this method novel. The stationary phase of an ACE-C18-PFP column (250 mm × 4.

Mechanism of action of certain medicinal plants for the treatment of asthma.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Asthma is often treated and prevented using the pharmacological properties of traditional medicinal plants. These healthcare systems are among the most well-known, conveniently accessible, and economically priced in India and several other Asian countries. Traditional Indian Ayurvedic plants have the potential to be used as phyto-therapeutics, to create novel anti-asthmatic drugs, and as a cost-effective source of pharmaceuticals.