Development of a Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Oxylipin Analysis and Its Application to Children's Plasma.

Oxylipins, a family of oxygenated natural products derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), play crucial roles in various physiological processes. Evaluating their levels in vivo helps to reveal their roles in health and disease. Because of the numerous isomers of oxylipins, it is essential to develop efficient and precise analytical methods for their identification and quantification.

Lipidomic Profiling of Edible Japanese Sea Urchins by LC-MS.

Sea urchins () are marine echinoderms commonly consumed as seafood in East Asia. To date, various metabolic components of sea urchins have been analyzed, and their health benefits for humans have also been attracting attention. Lipids are the major biomolecules present in sea urchins.

Inhibition of Triacylglycerol Accumulation and Oxidized Hydroperoxides in Hepatocytes by (Bulb).

Recent studies have demonstrated that dietary plant extracts can inhibit the development of lipid droplets (LDs) and oxidized LDs (oxLDs) in hepatic cells. These findings suggest that such extracts may be beneficial in combating metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and its more advanced stage, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). We examined nine extracts (ALs: AL1-9) to assess their capacity to decrease lipid droplet accumulation (LDA) and oxidative stress by suppressing lipid formation and oxidation in liver cells.

Vitamin K2 Attenuates Mitochondrial Damage in Renal Proximal Tubular Cells.

Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels cause oxidative stress, which can lead to various diseases. Renal failure is associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and K2 (menaquinone) are essential for blood coagulation and bone formation.

Application of Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Quantitative Analysis of Plasmalogens in Preadolescent Children-The Hokkaido Study.

: Plasmalogens (Pls) are phospholipids with a unique structure, abundant in the brain and heart. Due to their chemical instability and analytical difficulties, less information is available compared to other phospholipids. The importance of Pls in several cellular processes is known, one of which is their protective effect against oxidative damage.

Discovering Novel Short- and Medium-Chain Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Human Fecal Samples Using Untargeted Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry.

Rationale: Exploring novel metabolites produced by host gut microbiome communication is crucial for understanding their roles in various disease pathologies. We previously uncovered a novel class of lipids, short-chain fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (SFAHFAs), in mouse fecal samples and demonstrated their promising physiological functions in mammals. However, the discovery of SFAHFAs in human samples remains unexplored.

Plasma Lipidomics of Preadolescent Children: A Hokkaido Study.

Lipids are the most abundant biomolecules of human plasma, and their balance plays a significant role in health and disease management. Despite the importance of lipids, the studies focused on the comprehensive determination of the plasma lipidome in children are limited. In this study, we investigated the sex, age, and weight-specific changes in the plasma lipidome of nonfasting preadolescent children aged 9-12 years ( = 342) using a nontargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique.

Long-term survival and durable recovery of heart failure in patients with triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy treated with tricaprin.

Heart disease is a major global threat. Triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy (TGCV) is an emerging, noncommunicable, adult-onset heart disease, first identified in Japanese patients with heart failure (HF) requiring cardiac transplantation. In TGCV, defective intracellular lipolysis of long-chain triglycerides (TGs) results in cellular steatosis and energy failure mainly in cardiomyocytes and smooth muscle cells, leading to HF, diffuse coronary artery disease with TG deposition and ventricular arrhythmias with high mortality.

Targeted circulating lipid mediators and immune cell gene transcripts after ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Residual inflammation drives atherogenesis to atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction, which triggers acute inflammation. In preclinical studies, polyunsaturated fatty acids-derived specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) have been shown to promote recovery after myocardial infarction (MI), in contrast to proinflammatory lipid mediators (PIMs). However, the dynamic changes of lipid mediators after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), particularly after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and respective gene transcripts, are poorly understood.

Integration of lipidomics with targeted, single cell, and spatial transcriptomics defines an unresolved pro-inflammatory state in colon cancer.

Background: Over a century ago, Virchow proposed that cancer represents a chronically inflamed, poorly healing wound. Normal wound healing is represented by a transitory phase of inflammation, followed by a pro-resolution phase, with prostaglandin (PGE2/PGD2)-induced 'lipid class switching' producing inflammation-quenching lipoxins (LXA4, LXB4).

Objective: We explored if lipid dysregulation in colorectal cancers (CRCs) is driven by a failure to resolve inflammation.

Inhibition of Accumulation of Neutral Lipids and Their Hydroperoxide Species in Hepatocytes by Bioactive Extract.

Our ongoing research suggests that extracts from plant-based foods inhibit the accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs) and oxidized lipid droplets (oxLDs) in liver cells. These findings suggest their potential use in the alleviation of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and its most severe manifestation, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). extracts (ALs: AL1-AL9) were used to assess their ability to reduce lipid droplet accumulation (LDA) and oxidized lipid droplet accumulation (oxLDA) by inhibiting neutral lipid accumulation and oxidation in LD.

Nontargeted Lipidomics of Sorghum Grain Reveals Novel Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids and Cultivar Differences in Lipid Profiles.

Sorghum, a globally grown gluten-free cereal, is used mainly as an animal feed in developed countries regardless of its potential for human consumption. In this study, we utilized nontargeted lipidomics to thoroughly analyze, compare, and characterize whole-grain lipids in six sorghum cultivars (cv) grown in a single field trial in Australia: Buster, Bazley, Cracker, Liberty, MR43, and Tiger. In total, 194 lipid molecular species representing five major lipid classes were identified.

Determination of plasma lysophosphatidylethanolamines (lyso-PE) by LC-MS/MS revealed a possible relation between obesity and lyso-PE in Japanese preadolescent children: The Hokkaido study.

Background: Lysophosphatidylethanolamines (lyso-PEs) are the partial hydrolysis products of phosphatidylethanolamine. Although lyso-PEs are important biomarkers in various diseases, their determination is limited by the lack of simple and efficient quantification methods. This study aims to develop an improved quantitative method for the determination of lyso-PEs and its application to an epidemiological study.

Quantitative determination of plasma cholesteryl ester levels in Japanese preadolescents from the Hokkaido study using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.

Cholesteryl esters (CE) are sterols comprising various fatty acyl chains attached to a cholesterol hydroxyl moiety. CEs are often considered plasma biomarkers of liver function; however, their absolute concentrations in the plasma of Japanese preadolescents have not been well explored. This study aimed to determine the plasma CE levels in Japanese preadolescents of different sexes, ages, and body weights living in Hokkaido, Japan using targeted liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.

Lipidomic study of kidney in a mouse model with urine flow obstruction.

Obstructed urine flow is known to cause structural and functional kidney damage leading to renal fibrosis. However, limited information is available on the change in kidney lipids during urinary tract obstruction. In this study, we investigated the change in lipidome in a mouse model with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

Targeted and untargeted lipidomics with integration of liver dynamics and microbiome after dietary reversal of obesogenic diet targeting inflammation-resolution signaling in aging mice.

Obesity, a global epidemic linked to around 4 million deaths yearly, arises from lifestyle imbalances impacting inflammation-related conditions like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and gut dysbiosis. But the long-term effects of inflammation caused by lifestyle-related dietary changes remain unexplained. In this study, we used young male C57Bl/6 mice which were fed either an obesogenic diet (OBD) or a control diet (CON) for six months.

Exploration of New Lipid Nutrients and Their Characterization in Herbal Teas Using Non-Targeted Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

Herbal teas are blends of leaves, seeds, fruits, and flowers from various plants that provide relaxation, anti-inflammatory benefits, and immune system support for conditions such as diabetes and asthma. Despite their health benefits, comprehensive lipidomic data on herbal teas are limited in the literature. We used non-targeted liquid chromatography-linear ion trap orbitrap mass spectrometry to identify and correlate the lipid species in the following six herbal tea samples: fennel, ginger, juniper, lemon peel, orange peel, and rosehip.

Alterations in plasma short-chain fatty acids in preadolescence children: The Hokkaido study.

The purpose of this study is to explore the plasma short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations in 9-12-year-old Japanese children collected in the Hokkaido study, focusing on how factors such as age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) correlate with these levels. The Hokkaido Study on Children's Health is an ongoing longitudinal study since 2002, encompassing 20,926 pregnant women in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan, between 2003 and 2012. We contacted 1881 children aged 9-12 born between April 2006 and January 2010, and 342 non-fasting plasma samples (boys = 181, girls = 161) were obtained from this cohort, alongside assessments of their height and weight.

Inhibition of Lipid Accumulation and Oxidation in Hepatocytes by Bioactive Bean Extracts.

During our search for natural resources that can inhibit lipid droplet accumulation (LDA) and potentially prevent metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and its progressive stages, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), eight bean extracts (BE1-BE8) were tested for their ability to inhibit lipid accumulation and oxidation in hepatocytes. Substantial inhibitory effects on LDA with bean extracts (BEs) BE2, BE4, BE5, and BE8 were demonstrated. An advanced lipidomic approach was used to quantify the accumulation and inhibition of intracellular triacylglycerol (TAG) and its oxidized species, TAG hydroperoxide (TGOOH), in hepatocytes under fatty acid-loading conditions.

A facile method for monitoring sphingomyelin synthase activity in HeLa cells using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) is a sphingolipid-metabolizing enzyme involved in the synthesis of sphingomyelin (SM) from ceramide (Cer). Recent studies have indicated that SMS is a key therapeutic target for metabolic diseases such as fatty liver, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and colorectal cancer. However, very few SMS inhibitors have been identified because of the limited sensitivity and selectivity of the current fluorescence-based screening assay.

Sex-Specific Effect of Ethanol on Colon Content Lipidome in a Mice Model Using Nontargeted LC/MS.

Consumption of alcohol has widespread effects on the human body. The organs that are most significantly impacted are the liver and digestive system. When alcohol is consumed, it is absorbed in the intestines and processed by the liver.