Osteosarcoma in Japan: report from the bone and soft tissue tumor registry 2006-2022.

Background: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. Although previous studies reported genetic differences between younger and older patients, comprehensive nationwide data remain scarce. This study aimed to describe age-related differences in demographics, treatment, and survival using Japan's Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor (BSTT) Registry.

Japanese orthopaedic association (JOA) clinical practice guideline on the management of primary malignant bone tumors - Secondary publication.

Background: In Japan, there are currently no general guidelines for the treatment of primary malignant bone tumors. Therefore, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association established a committee to develop guidelines for the appropriate diagnosis and treatment of primary malignant bone tumors for medical professionals in clinical practice.

Methods: The guidelines were developed in accordance with "Minds Clinical Practice Guideline Development Handbook 2014″ and "Minds Clinical Practice Guideline Development Manual 2017".

Physical Signs and Clinical Features of Cervical Myelopathy in Elderly Patients, Especially 80 Years or Older: Comparison of 100 Consecutive Operative Cases across Three Age Groups.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: The present study aimed to examine the characteristics of physical signs in elderly patients with cervical myelopathy (CM) and to compare the findings in three different age groups.

Overview Of Literature: As the global population ages, the incidence of CM in elderly patients is increasing.

Vascularized Origami Medial Femoral Condyle Flap for Finger Joint Reconstruction.

Total finger joint reconstruction is challenging. Vascularized toe joint transfer is currently used for reconstruction, but it is difficult to perform, fails to achieve maximal joint flexibility, and is associated with donor-site complications. As an alternative, the authors developed a vascularized medial femoral condyle flap technique, wherein the vascularized corticoperiosteum is shaped via origami, with the donor tissue folded to fit the recipient site.

A Comparison of the Outcomes of Fiber-Wire versus Stainless Steel Wire in Transosseous Wiring for Intra-Articular Fractures of the Distal Interphalangeal Joint.

Different surgical techniques have been described for the treatment of intra-articular fractures involving extensor tendon insertion of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ), including acute and chronic bony mallet injuries. We have been using transosseous stainless-steel wire (SSW) in select patients. In 2015, we started using a non-absorbable polyester suture (2-0 Fiber-Wire, Arthrex, Naples, FL, USA) instead of SSWs.

Clinical outcomes of limb salvage surgery with postoperative intensity-modulated radiation therapy for soft-tissue sarcoma and metastasis.

Objective: The primary aim of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for treating soft tissue sarcoma of an extremity is the reduction of morbidity and maintenance of local control.

Methods: We evaluated the outcomes and toxicity of adjuvant IMRT following function-preserving surgery to treat patients with soft tissue sarcoma and metastasis of the extremities. We retrospectively reviewed prospective databases at Kure Medical Center and Aichi Medical University between 2013 and 2016 and identified 10 patients with lower extremity soft tissue sarcoma who underwent both limb-sparing surgery and postoperative IMRT at one of our institutions.

Factors associated with the decision of operative procedure for proximal femoral bone metastasis: Questionnaire survey to institutions participating the Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Study Group of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group.

Background: Pathological fracture of the proximal femur is a main cause of cancer patients losing their ability to walk. Although both osteosynthetic devices (predominantly intramedullary nails) and prosthetic replacement have been widely performed for treatment, controversies exist regarding which procedure should be used for the various conditions. In order to decide the eligibility criteria of a planned randomized prospective study about the treatment of pathological fractures of the proximal femur, we assessed the factors affecting the selection of operative procedures using questionnaires sent to the members of the Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Study Group (BSTTSG) of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG).

Novel sluggish speed signs on ultrasound is indicative of hemangiomas.

Background Hemangiomas are sometimes difficult to diagnose with current techniques. Sluggish speed signs (SSS) are a phenomenon that: (i) cannot be depicted as Doppler flow on Doppler ultrasound; (ii) can be observed as fluid movements on Doppler ultrasound; and (iii) cannot be depicted as waveforms on pulse Doppler mode. We hypothesized that SSS could be diagnostic indicators for hemangiomas.

Prognostic value of SS18-SSX fusion type in synovial sarcoma; systematic review and meta-analysis.

SS18-SSX (formerly called SYT-SSX) fusion gene has been established clinically as a molecular diagnostic test for synovial sarcoma, but the prognostic value of the fusion gene variant for survival is controversial. The objective of this systematic review is to provide an up-to-date and unprecedented summary of the prognostic impact of SS18-SSX fusion type in synovial sarcoma. Studies evaluating SS18-SSX fusion type as a prognostic marker in synovial sarcoma were systematically searched for in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science.

Quantitative (201)thallium scintigraphy for prediction of histological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in osteosarcoma; systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The histological assessment of tumor necrosis of the excised lesion after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the most important prognostic factor for patients with osteosarcoma, but more early prognostic factors are needed for the adjustment of adjuvant treatment regimen. The objective of this systematic review is to provide an up-to-date and unprecedented summary of the value of (201)thallium ((201)Tl) scintigraphy for the preoperative evaluation of the chemotherapy response of osteosarcoma.

Methods: Studies evaluating (201)Tl scintigraphy for the preoperative evaluation of the chemotherapy response of osteosarcoma were systematically searched for in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science.

Prognostic value of PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusion status in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The objective of this systematic review is to provide an unprecedented summary of the prognostic impact of PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusion status in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.

Methods: Studies evaluating PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusion gene or its variants as a prognostic marker were systematically searched and comparative meta-analysis of overall survival was carried out.

Results: A total of 7 studies comprising 993 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma were included.

Does expression of glucose transporter protein-1 relate to prognosis and angiogenesis in osteosarcoma?

Background: The survival of patients who present with nonmetastatic extremity osteosarcoma has dramatically improved, but there are some patients who do not respond to chemotherapy. The ability to identify patients with a poorer prognosis might allow us to target different therapy for these patients. Glucose transporter protein-1 (Glut-1), one of the key factors in glucose metabolism, has been reported to be an independent prognostic factor in various tumors.

A novel assessment method of serum alkaline phosphatase for the diagnosis of osteosarcoma in children and adolescents.

Background: A high serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level is valuable for the diagnosis of osteosarcoma in adults, but its use in teenagers is problematic because ALP levels are affected by age, gender, and pubertal stage. Because serum acid phosphatase (ACP) shows the same tetraphasic pattern as serum ALP in children and adolescents, we presumed that serum levels of ALP and ACP would have a strong correlation and that the ratio of ALP to ACP (ALP/ACP) would show little variation and would be useful for the diagnosis of osteosarcoma in teenagers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the serum levels of ALP and ACP and to investigate the validity of ALP/ACP in the differential diagnosis of osteosarcoma in children and adolescents.

T2 Mapping Magnetic Resonance Imaging Encourages an Arthroscopic Approach for Osteoid Osteoma in the Acetabulum.

Intra-articular osteoid osteoma (OO) is uncommon, especially in the hip joint. Delayed treatment may cause early osteoarthritis; however, diagnosis and complete excision are often challenging. We describe the feasibility of the combination of T2 mapping magnetic resonance imaging evaluation and arthroscopic excision of OO in the acetabulum.

Exosome-formed synthetic microRNA-143 is transferred to osteosarcoma cells and inhibits their migration.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential anticancer agents, but their clinical application is limited by the lack of an effective delivery system to tumors. Exosomes are small vesicles that play important roles in intercellular communication. Here, we show that synthetic miR-143 introduced into cells is released enveloped in exosomes and that the secreted exosome-formed miR-143 is transferred to osteosarcoma cells.

Extraosseous extension caused by epidural hematoma in Gaucher disease mimicking malignant bone tumor.

Gaucher disease is an inherited autosomal-recessive disorder caused by the defective hydrolysis of glucocerebroside. The resultant hepatosplenomegaly, hematological changes, and orthopedic complications are the predominant symptoms. However, extraosseous manifestation of Gaucher disease, mimicking malignant bone tumor, is supposed to be rare.

Therapeutic effect and risk factors for complications of excision in 76 patients with schwannoma.

Background: Benign schwannoma is the most common tumor of peripheral nerves. However, the clinical course of excision and risk factors associated with postoperative neurological deficits are not well known. We evaluated the incidence of preoperative symptoms, the incidence of postoperative neurological deficits, and the risk factors of neurological deficits.

Intra-articular osteoid osteoma of the lateral tibial plateau treated with arthroscopically assisted removal and retrograde osteochondral grafting.

The treatment of an intra-articular osteoid osteoma is sometimes challenging, because of its location. We report a patient with an intra-articular osteoid osteoma of the lateral tibial plateau which was excised under an arthroscopically assisted procedure. After total resection of the intra-articular osteoid osteoma, the osteochondral defect of the lateral tibial plateau was reconstructed with a retrograde autogenous osteochondral graft which was harvested from the non-weightbearing area of the distal femur.

Diversity of angiogenesis among malignant bone tumors.

Several studies have demonstrated that angiogenesis assessed by microvessel density (MVD) correlates with patient prognosis in various types of cancer, whereas data regarding the relevance of angiogenesis and prognosis in malignant bone tumors are scarce and controversial. The aim of this study was to examine MVD in representative malignant bone tumors, such as osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma, in order to clarify the role of angiogenesis in prognosis. A total of 69 patients with malignant bone tumors, including 44 osteosarcomas, 20 chondrosarcomas and 5 Ewing's sarcomas, were reviewed retrospectively and treated at our hospital between 1980 and 2007.

Correlation between p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and human telomerase reverse transcriptase in sarcomas.

Background: One of the major components of telomerase is the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) as the catalytic protein. hTERT mRNA expression are reported to be associated with prognosis and tumor progression in several sarcomas. However, there is no clear understanding of the mechanisms of hTERT in human sarcomas.

Antitumor effects of telomerase inhibitor TMPyP4 in osteosarcoma cell lines.

Telomere studies in carcinomas have been extensively reported for prognostic utility and effective methods for targeting telomerase therapy has been described, but efficacy of telomerase inhibitor remained unknown in sarcoma cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of telomerase inhibitor cationic porphyrin TMPyP4 on telomerase activity, telomere length, cell growth, and apoptosis in osteosarcoma cell lines. TMPyP4 significantly inhibited telomerase activity in telomerase positive HOS and Saos-2, but not in MG-63.

Oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus administered by isolated limb perfusion suppresses osteosarcoma growth.

A significant limitation to oncolytic virotherapy in vivo is the lack of a clinically relevant means of delivering the virus. We evaluated the oncolytic activity of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in human osteosarcoma cells and explored isolated limb perfusion (ILP) as a novel oncolytic virus delivery system to extremity sarcoma in immune-competent rats. Human and rat osteosarcoma cells transduced with rVSV-lacZ uniformly expressed β-gal.

Interferon-α/β receptor as a prognostic marker in osteosarcoma.

Background: A large-scale randomized trial of adjuvant interferon-α therapy for patients with osteosarcoma has been initiated as a joint protocol by the European and American Osteosarcoma Study Group. Because the expression of functional interferon-α/β receptor is necessary for interferon-α agents to interact with osteosarcoma cells, we examined the expression of interferon-α/β receptor in a series of osteosarcoma specimens.

Methods: Forty patients with high-grade resectable osteosarcoma, from whom surgical specimens had been obtained at the time of biopsy, were included in this retrospective study.

Alternative lengthening of telomeres as a prognostic factor in malignant fibrous histiocytomas of bone.

Background: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of bone is a rare primary malignant neoplasm. Recent studies indicate a positive correlation between the telomere maintenance mechanism and tumour aggressiveness in sarcomas. This study was undertaken to analyse the clinical significance of telomere factors in primary tumour samples from patients with MFHs of bone.