Quantitative Assessment of Celiac and Superior Mesenteric Artery Diameters in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery Using Three-dimensional Computed Tomography.

Introduction: Acute celiac artery compression syndrome occurs after corrective surgery for adult spinal deformity. It occurs due to ischemic abdominal organ necrosis, caused by compression of the celiac artery (CA) and superior mesenteric artery by the median arcuate ligament. There are no studies measuring the extent of CA or superior mesenteric artery stenosis.

Comparison of the O-arm-based navigation system with conventional fluoroscopy for percutaneous screw fixation in patients with fragility fractures of the pelvis.

Purpose: Fragility fractures of the pelvis (FFPs) are increasingly common owing to aging populations of several countries and the increasing osteoporosis incidence. Surgical interventions, including percutaneous screw fixation, are performed to avoid complications associated with prolonged bed rest for FFP management. However, conventional fluoroscopy for surgical navigation is difficult owing to issues such as insufficient tissue imaging, difficulty achieving accurate screw placement, and high radiation exposure to surgeons.

A rotavirus VP4 or VP7 monoreassortant panel identifies genotypes that are less susceptible to neutralization by systemic antibodies induced by vaccination or natural infection.

Rotavirus infections remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants. The viral surface proteins VP4 and VP7 are each classified into multiple genotypes (P[1]-P[58] for VP4 and G1-G42 for VP7), which differ in their susceptibility to neutralizing antibodies; however, detailed analyses of these differences remain limited. This study investigates the susceptibility of diverse VP4 and VP7 genotypes to neutralizing antibodies induced by vaccination or natural infection.

Optimizing S1 nerve root block using three-dimensional computed tomography imaging: Identifying the ideal fluoroscopic angle and predicting S1 neural foramen position.

Background: S1 nerve root block (S1NRB) is frequently used to diagnose and treat lumbosacral and lower limb pain. However, the visibility of the S1 neural foramen can be obscured by factors including intestinal gas, increasing the procedure's technical difficulty. This study identified the optimal fluoroscopic angle for S1NRB and standardized the technique using three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) images.

Establishment of reverse genetics systems for Colorado tick fever virus.

The Colorado tick fever virus (CTFV), which has 12-segmented double-stranded RNA genomes, is a pathogenic arbovirus that causes severe diseases in humans. However, little progress has been made in the analysis of replication mechanisms and pathogenicity. This virological constraint is due to the absence of a reverse genetics system for CTFV; therefore, we aimed to establish the system.

Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Long-Term Postoperative Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: MRI Evaluation 34-51 Years after Surgery and its Changes during Middle and Older Age for an Average of 6.9 Years.

Introduction: This study aimed to identify factors associated with intervertebral disc degeneration (DD) in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients who reached middle and older age after surgery.

Methods: A total of 252 AIS patients who underwent spinal fusion surgery between 1968 and 1988 were included in this survey-based study. Patients with a mean follow-up period of 40.

Machine learning algorithms for predicting future curve using first and second visit data in female adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients.

Purpose: This study was designed to develop a machine learning (ML) model that predicts future Cobb angle in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) using minimal radiographs and simple questionnaires during the first and second visits.

Methods: Our study focused on 887 female patients with AIS who were initially consulted at a specialized scoliosis center from July 2011 to February 2023. Patient data, including demographic and radiographic data based on anterior-posterior and lateral whole-spine radiographs, were collected at the first, second, and final visits.

The High Prevalence of Orientia tsutsugamushi Among Wild Rodents and the Identification of Its Major Serotypes in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan, Where Scrub Typhus Patients Are Rarely Identified.

Orientia tsutsugamushi (OT) is an obligate intracellular bacterium transmitted by larval trombiculid mites, responsible for scrub typhus in humans. In Japan, approximately 500 human cases are reported annually, with six major serotypes identified as Kato, Karp, Gilliam, Irie/Kawasaki, Shimokoshi, and Hirano/Kuroki. However, the prevalence of OT in Yamaguchi prefecture remains largely unknown.

Radiographic Predictors of Lateral Translation in Patients With Residual Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Thoracolumbar/Lumbar Curves: A Focus on L3 Lateral Translation.

Background: Patients with residual adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and thoracolumbar/lumbar curves may present with progression after cessation of growth, with lateral translation as a major risk factor. Nonetheless, radiographic predictors and underlying mechanisms remain indefinite. This study aimed to determine these radiographic predictors and structural mechanisms in patients with residual AIS.

Rapid production of recombinant rotaviruses by overexpression of NSP2 and NSP5 genes with modified nucleotide sequences.

Reverse genetics systems for rotaviruses (RV) facilitate the generation of genetically engineered RVs by transfection of 11 plasmids encoding 11 genomic viral RNA segments. In addition to viral genome expression, overexpression of NSP2 and NSP5 has been used to increase the rescue efficiency of recombinant RVs. Here, we showed that the overexpression of nucleotide sequence-modified NSP2 and NSP5 enabled the rapid and efficient production of recombinant RVs.

Risk factors for postoperative ileus after corrective spinal surgery: association with reduction in the retrocrural space area.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether a reduction in the retrocrural space (RCS) area is a risk factor for postoperative ileus (POI) in patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD) treated with spinal corrective surgery.

Methods: In total, 100 patients (mean age 67.5 ± 8.

Factors influencing the achievement of early surgery in proximal femoral fractures under a Japanese incentive policy.

Background: Proximal femoral fractures in geriatric patients are a major challenge in orthopedics, often leading to major functional impairment. Early surgical intervention is crucial for improving patient recovery and overall health outcomes. Thus, Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare initiated a reimbursement policy in April 2022 to encourage early surgery for these fractures in patients aged ≥75 years.

Facet Joint Bridging in Adolescent-Onset Adult Idiopathic Scoliosis with Thoracolumbar/Lumbar Curves.

Objective: This study aims to comprehend the natural history of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients and determine risk factors for facet joint bridging in adolescent-onset adult idiopathic scoliosis with thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) curves.

Methods: We included 50 patients with residual AIS with TL/L curves (3 males, 47 females; age 41.5 ± 17.

[1,2,4]Triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives: Structure-activity relationship study leading to highly selective ENPP1 inhibitors.

The STING (stimulator of interferon genes) pathway is one of the pathways that regulate innate immunity, and the extracellular hydrolytic enzyme ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) has been identified as its dominant negative regulator. Since activation of the innate immune system is a promising strategy for the treatment of various infectious diseases and cancers, ENPP1 inhibitors have attracted great attention as candidate drugs. We have previously identified small-molecule ENPP1 inhibitors having a [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine scaffold by means of chemical screening using a fluorescence probe, TG-mAMP.

Generation of single-round infectious rotavirus with a mutation in the intermediate capsid protein VP6.

Rotavirus causes severe diarrhea in infants. Although live attenuated rotavirus vaccines are available, vaccine-derived infections have been reported, which warrants development of next-generation rotavirus vaccines. A single-round infectious virus is a promising vaccine platform; however, this platform has not been studied extensively in the context of rotavirus.

The association between variations in the number of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and rib morphology in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: Preoperative counting of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae is crucial in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) due to reported anatomical variations and potential surgical site misidentification. This study investigated characteristics associated with the vertebral number variations AIS, particularly focusing on rib morphology.

Methods: Based on three-dimensional computed tomography, patients were categorized into the non-variant number group, comprising individuals with 12 thoracic and 5 lumbar vertebrae, and the variant number group, comprising individuals with different numbers of vertebrae.

Factors Influencing Optimal Bracing Compliance in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Single-center Prospective Cohort Study.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To identify factors contributing to optimal bracing compliance in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Summary Of Background Data: Poor brace compliance is a key factor affecting brace treatment success in AIS.

Machine learning algorithms for predicting Cobb angle beyond 25 degrees in female adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To develop a machine learning (ML) model that predicts the progression of AIS using minimal radiographs and simple questionnaires during the first visit.

Summary Of Background Data: Several factors are associated with angle progression in patients with AIS.

Analysis of Rod Fracture at the Lumbosacral Junction Following Surgery for Adult Spinal Deformity.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the differences in the characteristics of patients with rod fracture (RF) at the lumbosacral junction from those without RF following adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery.

Overview Of Literature: RF is a major complication following ASD surgery and may require reoperation because of pain and correction loss.

Median Arcuate Ligament and Origin of the Celiac Artery Proximity Change in Patients after Surgery to Correct Adult Spinal Deformity: Potential Risk Factors for Acute Celiac Artery Compression Syndrome.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine whether the proximity of the median arcuate ligament (MAL) and the celiac artery (CA) changes in patients following surgery to correct adult spinal deformity (ASD). We hypothesized that the distance between the MAL and the CA shortens after corrective spinal surgery, which may cause acute celiac artery compression syndrome (ACACS).

Methods: A total of 89 patients (68.