Clinical outcome of combined reverse total shoulder arthroplasty combined with pectoralis major transfer for rotator cuff arthropathy: a preliminary study.

Purpose: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) is promising treatment option for rotator cuff tear arthropathy (CTA), but internal rotation (IR) deficits can arise in patients with irreparable subscapularis tears. The present study reports (1) the early clinical outcomes of RTSA combined with pectoralis major (PM) transfer in patients with CTA and irreparable subscapularis tears and (2) compares these outcomes with those of RTSA without subscapularis repair, with a focus on addressing IR deficiencies and enhancing overall shoulder function.

Methods: From November 2022 to May 2023, patients who underwent RTSA with PM transfer were reviewed.

Anti-Obesity Effects of Pear Extract (): Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Potential.

Mitigating obesity is a pivotal strategy for addressing metabolic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases, and diabetes. Although pear extract exhibits various pharmacological effects in regenerative diseases, such as skin, nerve, and adipose tissue dysfunction, by eliminating excessive reactive oxygen species, its exact clinical role in obesity has not been well studied. In this study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of pear extract (UPhenon®), a dietary ingredient extracted from unripe pear (), in Korean participants with obesity.

Effects of polydeoxyribonucleotide derived from Gynostemma pentaphyllum callus on skin barrier function.

Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) is mainly derived from salmon sperm and is widely used in the biomedical and cosmetic fields. It consists of small DNA fragments that bind to the adenosine A receptor, promoting tissue regeneration. However, since Salmon PDRN (SP) is animal-derived, concerns about sustainability, ethical sourcing, and production processes make it necessary to explore plant-based alternatives.

Outcome of Anterior Latissimus Dorsi with Teres Major and Posterior Lower Trapezius Tendon Transfer for Global Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears.

Introduction: Global irreparable rotator cuff tears (GIRCTs) without arthritis pose significant challenges for shoulder management. This study evaluates the clinical outcomes of dual-tendon reconstruction, combining anterior latissimus dorsi-teres major (LDTM) and posterior lower trapezius tendon (LTT) transfers, in patients with GIRCTs without arthritis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent dual tendon transfer surgery for GIRCTs without arthritis.

Achilles tendon allograft versus fascia lata autograft as the interpositional graft in arthroscopically assisted lower trapezius tendon transfer for irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tear.

Background: Although arthroscopically assisted lower trapezius tendon transfer (aLTT) is an effective treatment option for posterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tear (PSIRCT), interpositional grafts should be used because of the length limitations of the LTT. This study compared the radiologic and clinical results of an Achilles tendon allograft (ATA) versus a fascia lata autograft (FLA) as the interpositional graft.

Methods: This study included 64 and 26 patients treated with aLTT using an ATA or FLA, respectively.

Efficacy of arthroscopic assisted lower trapezius tendon transfer versus reverse shoulder arthroplasty in patients with posterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tear without arthritis: retrospective propensity score matching study.

Introduction: Shoulder dysfunction, including loss of active forward elevation (FE) and external rotation (ER), is challenging in posterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tears (PSIRCTs). We compared the clinical outcomes of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) and arthroscopy-assisted lower trapezius tendon transfer (aLTT) in PSIRCTs patients without arthritis.

Material And Methods: Approximately 29 patients were included in each group (RSA group and aLTT group), using retrospective propensity score matching based on demographic variables with a minimum 2-year follow-up period.

Adding Teres Major Transfer to Arthroscopic-Assisted Posterior Latissimus Dorsi Transfer Provides Superior Outcomes for Posterosuperior Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears.

Purpose: To compare the clinical and radiologic outcomes of arthroscopic-assisted latissimus dorsi transfer (LDT) and arthroscopic-assisted posterior latissimus dorsi and teres major (pLDTM) transfer in patients with posterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tears (PSIRCTs).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with PSIRCTs who underwent LDT or pLDTM transfer between January 2017 and December 2020 and were followed up for at least 2 years. Clinical outcomes were evaluated based on pain, patient-reported outcome scores, active range of motion, and active range-of-motion strength.

Fludarabine attenuates inflammation and dysregulated autophagy in alveolar macrophages via inhibition of STAT1/IRF1 pathway.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI), including its most severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), is a common cause of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Although its clinical characteristics have been well characterized, the relevant mechanism remains unclear. An imbalance in autophagy leads to alveolar remodeling and triggers the pathogenesis of ARDS.

Efficacy of reverse shoulder arthroplasty compared with superior capsular reconstruction in patients with posterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tears without arthritis: a propensity score matching study.

Introduction: Superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) are viable treatment options for active patients with posterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tears (PSIRCTs). In this study, we aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and recovery of muscle strength following RSA and SCR in PSIRCTs patients without arthritis.

Material And Methods: Fifteen patients were included in the RSA and SCR groups using propensity score matching, which was performed to minimize selection bias among the surgical treatments, RSA or SCR.

Superior capsular reconstruction vs. Latissimus dorsi transfer for posterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tears without arthritic change: Mid-term Crossover study.

Background: Latissimus dorsi transfer (LDT) is a well-known tendon-transfer technique with long-term clinical follow-up results, whereas superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) has recently emerged as a treatment option for posterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tears (PSIRCTs). However, only a few small short-term comparative studies have evaluated SCR and LDT. We evaluated the clinical and radiological outcomes of SCR and LDT in PSIRCTs without arthritic changes.

Comparative outcomes of middle trapezius tendon transfer using Achilles tendon allograft vs. fascia lata autograft for isolated supraspinatus tendon tears.

Background: Irreparable supraspinatus tendon tears pose significant challenges in surgical management, particularly when conventional arthroscopic repair methods are inadequate. Middle trapezius tendon (MTT) transfer has emerged as a potential salvage procedure, but the comparative efficacy of different interpositional grafts-such as Achilles tendon allografts and fascia lata autografts-remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective case series evaluated patients who underwent MTT transfer with either an Achilles tendon allograft (group A) or fascia lata autograft (group F) from December 2019 to March 2022.

Phosphorylation of an RNA-Binding Protein Rck/Me31b by Hippo Is Essential for Adipose Tissue Aging.

The metazoan lifespan is determined in part by a complex signaling network that regulates energy metabolism and stress responses. Key signaling hubs in this network include insulin/IGF-1, AMPK, mTOR, and sirtuins. The Hippo/Mammalian Ste20-like Kinase1 (MST1) pathway has been reported to maintain lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans, but its role has not been studied in higher metazoans.

DNA repair and disease: insights from the human DNA glycosylase NEIL family.

The base excision repair pathway protects DNA from base damage via oxidation, deamination, alkylation and methylation. DNA glycosylases are key enzymes that recognize damaged bases in a lesion-specific manner and initiate the base excision repair process. Among these, the endonuclease VIII-like 1-3 (NEIL1-3) family, which is found in mammalian genomes, is a homolog of bacterial DNA glycosylases known as Fpg/Nei.

Comparative efficacy of latissimus dorsi and teres major vs. pectoralis major tendon transfers combined with Exactech Equinoxe reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in improving internal rotation: a preliminary result.

Background: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) is effective in treating massive irreparable rotator cuff tears (mRCT) and cuff tear arthropathy (CTA); however, improving internal rotation (IR) remains challenging. Tendon transfers have been introduced to improve active IR alongside rTSA, yet no clinical studies have compared their effectiveness. This study compares the clinical efficacy of rTSA combined with latissimus dorsi and teres major (LDTM) and pectoralis major (PM) transfers in improving IR in patients with mRCT and CTA who have a loss of active IR.

Efficacy of combined anterior latissimus dorsi and teres major tendon transfer vs. reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in anterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tears with loss of active internal rotation.

Background: This retrospective study aimed to compare the clinical results of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) and combined anterior latissimus dorsi and teres major (aLDTM) tendon transfer in patients with nonarthritic anterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tears (ASIRCTs) with loss of active internal rotation (aIR).

Methods: Using propensity score matching based on demographic variables, 29 patients were included in each group (rTSA and aLDTM) with a minimum follow-up period of 2 years. Clinical results were evaluated using the visual analog scale score, Constant-Murley score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, University of California Los Angeles shoulder score, activities of daily living requiring active internal rotation, active range of motion, subscapularis-specific examinations, rotational strength, and the ability to perform toileting activities.

Exosome-Like Vesicles from Callus Enhanced Wound Healing by Reducing LPS-Induced Inflammation.

(LE), a medicinal plant from the Boraginaceae family, is traditionally used in East Asia for its therapeutic effects on skin conditions, including infections, inflammation, and wounds. Recently, the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as mediators of intercellular communication that regulate inflammation and promote tissue regeneration has garnered increasing attention in the field of regenerative medicine. This study investigates exosome-like vesicles derived from LE callus (LELVs) and their potential in enhancing wound healing.

Efficacy of latissimus dorsi and teres major tendon transfer in anterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tears and posterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tears.

Background: There are various options of tendon transfer according to the different types of irreparable rotator cuff tears (IRCTs). However, there were no clear treatment options for the IRCTs involving the anterior, superior and posterior rotator cuff tears (global IRCTs). Latissimus dorsi and teres major (LDTM) could be transferred anteriorly or posteriorly in global IRCTs.

Cancer prognosis using base excision repair genes.

The base excision repair (BER) pathway is a critical mechanism in genomic stability. This review investigates the role of the BER pathway in advanced cancer therapies considering the pivotal role of genetic factors in cancer patient responses and prognosis. BER factors significantly influence genetic instability and cancer prognosis, as well as the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

Rocaglamide-A mitigates LPS-induced hepatic inflammation by modulating JNK/AP-1 signaling cascade and ROS production in hepatocytes.

Unlabelled: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a gut-derived endotoxin, is a recognized risk factor for both Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Rocaglamide-A (Roc-A), a natural compound derived from the genus Aglaia, is known for its pharmacological and immunosuppressive effects on various cell types. Although our recent investigations have unveiled Roc-A's anti-adipogenic role in adipocytes, its mechanism in hepatic inflammation remains elusive.

Return to Work and Sports After Lower Trapezius Tendon Transfer for Posterosuperior Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears.

Background: Lower trapezius tendon (LTT) transfer has demonstrated promising results for patients with posterosuperior irreparable rotator cuff tears (PSIRCTs). However, there has been no study evaluating return to work (RTW) and return to sports (RTS) after LTT transfer.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to assess the rates of RTW and RTS and identify associated factors among patients who have undergone LTT transfer for PSIRCTs.

Spherical Shell Bioprinting to Produce Uniform Spheroids with Controlled Sizes.

Conventional cell spheroid production methods are largely manual, leading to variations in size and shape that compromise consistency and reliability for use in cell-based therapeutic applications. To enhance spheroid production, a spherical shell bioprinting system was implemented, enabling the high-throughput generation of uniform cell spheroids with precisely controlled sizes. The system encapsulates cells within thin alginate hydrogel shells formed through bioprinting and ion crosslinking reactions.