Exploring the value of ChatGPT in selecting antidiabetic agents for type 2 diabetes.

Aims: We investigated the feasibility and effects of using large language models (LLMs), particularly GPTs, to support the selection of anti-diabetic medications for T2DM management based on individual-level clinical information.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included adults diagnosed with T2DM who visited the Endocrine Department at Yongin Severance Hospital. ChatGPT 4.

Comparison of Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Osteoporosis Patients Treated with Denosumab or Alendronate: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Recent studies have suggested potential metabolic effects of anti-osteoporotic medications, but their impact on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) risk remains unclear. This study investigated the incidence of T2D in patients with osteoporosis treated with denosumab or alendronate. Using the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database, we identified 316,026 patients who received either denosumab or alendronate between October 2017 and June 2022.

Nakai Extract Attenuates Atopic Dermatitis-like Symptoms by Regulating Skin Barrier Factors and Inhibiting the JAK/STAT Pathway.

Atopic dermatitis is caused by various factors, including complex interactions between immune responses and imbalances in T helper cells. In order to resolve the side effects of steroid-based treatment and rapidly improve atopy symptoms, the development of preventive substances for new treatments and as food supplements is essential. Nakai (PKN) is traditionally used as an effective herbal medicine for pain relief, anti-inflammation, and edema, and dried PKN is boiled and drunk as a tea to prevent them; however, its effect on skin manifestations such as atopy are unclear.

Association Between Handgrip Strength and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in MASLD: A Prospective Study From UK Biobank.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) using data from the UK Biobank cohort.

Methods: A total of 201 563 participants were enrolled in this study. The HGS was measured using a Jamar J00105 hydraulic hand dynamometer.

Shifting perspectives: From "Epilepsy" to "Cerebroelectric Disorder".

Background & Objective: Epilepsy has long been associated with stigma and misconceptions. In response, the Korean Epilepsy Society initiated the Epilepsy Renaming project in 2008 to replace the stigmatizing term with a neutral and scientifically grounded name, "cerebroelectric disorder". This study explores the impact of changing terminology on the public discourse surrounding epilepsy.

Reynoutria japonica consisted of emodin-8-β-D-glucoside ameliorates Dermatophagoides farinae extract-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation in mice by inhibiting JAK/STAT signaling.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by skin barrier dysfunction and chronic inflammatory responses. Reynoutria japonica, known as Huzhang in traditional Chinese Medicine, can enhance blood circulation to eliminate wind pathogens and terminate coughing. Despite pharmacological evidence supporting the efficacy of R.

Higher mortality and longer length of stay in hospitalized patients with newly diagnosed diabetes.

Aims: We investigated the association between diabetes status at admission and in-hospital outcomes in all hospitalized patients, regardless of the reason for admission.

Methods: All individuals aged 20 years or older who were admitted to Yongin Severance Hospital between March 2020 and February 2022 were included in study. Subjects were categorized into three groups: non-DM, known DM, and newly diagnosed DM, based on medical history, anti-diabetic medications use, and laboratory test.

Inhibitory effect of Sanguisorba hakusanensis Makino ethanol extract on atopic dermatitis-like responses in NC/Nga mice and human keratinocytes.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic, inflammatory skin disease caused by immune dysregulation. In this study, we investigated anti-atopic and anti-inflammatory activities of Sanguisorba hakusanensis ethanol extract (SHE) both in vivo using NC/Nga mice and in vitro using human HaCaT keratinocytes. Oral administration of SHE suppressed several atopic symptoms associated with house dust mites (induced with Dermatophagoides farinae extract) in NC/Nga mice and decreased serum levels of inflammatory mediators such as immunoglobulin E, histamine, and inflammatory chemokines.

Chemical Profile Determination and Quantitative Analysis of Components in Oryeong-san Using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS and UPLC-TQ-MS/MS.

In this study, a method to both qualitatively and quantitively analyze the components of Oryeong-san (ORS), which is composed of five herbal medicines ( Juzepzuk, Fries, Koidzumi, Wolf, and Presl) and is prescribed in traditional Oriental medicine practices, was established for the first time. First, ORS components were profiled using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry, and 19 compounds were clearly identified via comparison against reference standard compounds. Subsequently, a quantitative method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry was established to simultaneously measure the identified compounds.

Deep-Learning-Based Detection of Vertebral Fracture and Osteoporosis Using Lateral Spine X-Ray Radiography.

Osteoporosis and vertebral fractures (VFs) remain underdiagnosed. The addition of deep learning methods to lateral spine radiography (a simple, widely available, low-cost test) can potentially solve this problem. In this study, we develop deep learning scores to detect osteoporosis and VF based on lateral spine radiography and investigate whether their use can improve referral of high-risk individuals to bone-density testing.

Topical Administration of Extract Regulates Th2 Immunity in OVA-Induced Mice.

A key feature of an allergic immune response is a T helper type 2 (Th2)-mediated response with production of allergen-specific IgE antibodies. extract with the crocin removed (GJExCR) has been shown to inhibit IgE-mediated allergic disease. To evaluate the efficacy and mechanism-of-action of this inhibition, GJExCR was used in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergy model in BALB/C mice.

Experimental and Computational Approaches to Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether sulfone) Synthesis Using Different Halogen Atoms at the Reactive Site.

Engineering thermoplastics, such as poly(arylene ether sulfone), are more often synthesized using F-containing monomers rather than Cl-containing monomers because the F atom is considered more electronegative than Cl, leading to a better condensation polymerization reaction. In this study, the reaction's spontaneity improved when Cl atoms were used compared to the case using F atoms. Specifically, sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) was synthesized by reacting 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl with two types of biphenyl sulfone monomers containing Cl and F atoms.

Qualitative Profiling and Quantitative Analysis of Major Constituents in Jinmu-tang by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS and UPLC-TQ-MS/MS.

Jinmu-tang (JMT) is a traditional herbal medicine consisting of five herbal medicines: Wolf, Pallas, Roscoe, Koidzumi, and Debeaux. In this study, the JMT components were profiled using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS, and 23 compounds were identified and characterized. In addition, UPLC-TQ-MS/MS analysis was performed in the positive and negative ion modes of an electrospray ionization source for the simultaneous quantification of the identified compounds.

Risk of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Subjects with Prediabetes Overlapping Metabolic Syndrome.

While the number of individuals with prediabetes and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is increasing, only a few studies have reported differences in cardiovascular risk according to the presence or absence of MetS in individuals with prediabetes. Here, we examined differences in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and carotid plaques in individuals with prediabetes with or without MetS among subjects who visited a single center in Seoul (Huh Diabetes Center). A total of 328 participants aged ≥20 years, including the group with normoglycemia, were enrolled in the analysis, of which 273 had prediabetes.

Terminalia chebula Retz. extract ameliorates the symptoms of atopic dermatitis by regulating anti-inflammatory factors in vivo and suppressing STAT1/3 and NF-ĸB signaling in vitro.

Background: Terminalia chebula (TC) is a traditional medicinal plant used for treating various diseases in humans. However, pharmacological mechanisms underlying the effects of TC in atopic treatment remain unelucidated.

Hypothesis/purpose: We investigated the therapeutic effects of TC extract in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis (AD) in vivo and the anti-inflammatory mechanism in vitro.

Dunn Water Extract Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis-Like Symptoms by Suppressing Proinflammatory Chemokine Production and .

Dunn, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has various pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory properties. However, to the best of our knowledge, its therapeutic effect on atopic dermatitis (AD) has not been investigated. In this study, we explored the effect of Dunn water extract (SSWex) on AD and .

Ethanol extract of Veronica persica ameliorates house dust mite-induced asthmatic inflammation by inhibiting STAT-3 and STAT-6 activation.

Veronica persica is a flowering plant belonging to the family Scrophulariaceae. Here, we aimed to evaluate the pharmacological activity of the ethanol extract of Veronica persica (EEVP) in an airway inflammation model. We examined airway responsiveness to aerosolized methacholine, serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E levels, and total cell numbers in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).

Gardenia jasminoides extract ameliorates DfE-induced atopic dermatitis in mice through restoration of barrier function and T-helper 2-mediated immune response.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) leads to skin barrier abnormalities and immune dysfunction. As the topical steroids commonly used to treat AD have side effects from long-term use, research into safer treatments for AD is greatly needed. The medicinal herb Gardenia jasminoides improves AD symptoms via skin barrier activation and T helper 2-mediated immune response regulation.

Alpinia officinarum water extract inhibits the atopic dermatitis-like responses in NC/Nga mice by regulation of inflammatory chemokine production.

Alpinia officinarum (AO) has been traditionally used in Asia as an herbal medicine to treat inflammatory and internal diseases. However, the therapeutic effect of AO on atopic dermatitis (AD) is unclear. Therefore, we examined whether Alpinia officinarum water extract (AOWex) affects AD in vivo and in vitro.

Blue Phosphorescence with High Quantum Efficiency Engaging the Trifluoromethylsulfonyl Group to Iridium Phenylpyridine Complexes.

Incorporation of an electron-withdrawing -SOCF substituent to cyclometalating C^N-phenylpyridine (ppy) ligand resulted in an expected blue-shifted phosphorescence in the corresponding homoleptic complex, showing the emission of λ = 464 nm at 300 K. One of its heteroleptic derivatives, modified by a pyrazolyl borate LX ligand, , exhibited further blue-shifted phosphorescence of λ = 460 nm at 300 K. Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) and density-functional theory (DFT) calculations supported the efficacy of the electron-withdrawing capability of the SOCF substituent lowering HOMO energy and obtained widened bandgaps and resumed blue emissions for all of the iridium complexes studied.