Impact of recent clinical trials on meta-analysis of stereotactic body radiation therapy for spine metastases and urgent call for consistent study endpoints.

Pain from spinal metastases can result in significant impact to patients' quality of life. Conventional external beam radiation therapy (cEBRT) has long been shown to be effective in the pain control of patients with spinal metastases. With the advancement in radiation therapy, stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has been increasingly adopted for the treatment of spinal metastases.

Spatial Radiomic Graphs for Outcome Prediction in Radiation Therapy-treated Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Pretreatment CT.

Purpose To develop a radiomic graph framework, RadGraph, for spatial analysis of pretreatment CT images to improve prediction of local-regional recurrence (LR) and distant metastasis (DM) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Materials and Methods This retrospective study included four public pre-radiotherapy treatment CT datasets of patients with HNSCC obtained from The Cancer Imaging Archive (images collected between 2003 and 2018). Computational graphs and graph attention deep learning methods were leveraged to holistically model multiple regions in the head and neck anatomy.

Phase I and pharmacodynamic study of arsenic trioxide plus radiotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Background: When arsenic trioxide (ATO) was combined with radiation for treatment of transplanted murine gliomas in the brain, tumor response improved with disrupted tumor blood flow and survival was significantly prolonged.

Methods: Total of 31 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma were accrued to a multi-institutional, NCI-funded, phase I study to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of ATO administered with radiation. Secondary objectives were survival and pharmacodynamic changes in perfusion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Intrafractional motion and dosimetric analysis in prostate stereotactic body radiation therapy with auto beam hold technique.

: To summarize our institutional prostate stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) experience using auto beam hold (ABH) technique for intrafractional prostate motion and assess ABH tolerance of 10-millimeter (mm) diameter.: Thirty-two patients (160 fractions) treated using ABH technique between 01/2018 and 03/2021 were analyzed. During treatment, kV images were acquired every 20-degree gantry rotation to visualize 3-4 gold fiducials within prostate to track target motion.

Unilateral conjunctival Classic Kaposi Sarcoma following a COVID 19 booster.

Purpose: We describe a case of Classic Kaposi's sarcoma in a functionally monocular patient following a COVID19 vaccine booster and provide compelling evidence that suggests the booster was a relevant co-factor in the initiation of the disease process.

Observations: The patient presented with red, irritated conjunctival area described as "bubbling" in her right eye. While her past medical history includes hypercholesterolemia and hypertension, she had no history of a compromised immune system.

Pretreatment Spatially Aware Magnetic Resonance Imaging Radiomics Can Predict Distant Brain Metastases (DBMs) After Stereotactic Radiosurgery/Radiation Therapy (SRS/SRT).

Purpose: Stereotactic radiosurgery/radiation therapy (SRS/SRT) increasingly has been used to treat brain metastases. However, the development of distant brain metastases (DBMs) in the untreated brain remains a serious complication. We sought to develop a spatially aware radiomic signature to model the time-to-DBM development in a cohort of patients leveraging pretreatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and radiation therapy treatment planning data including radiation dose distribution maps.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for the treatment of primary breast cancer in patients not undergoing surgery.

Purpose: The purpose was to explore the role of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in providing local control (LC) for primary breast cancer in patients unable to undergo surgery.

Materials/methods: Between 2015 and 2019, 13 non-surgical candidates with 14 lesions were treated with SBRT for primary breast cancer. In 4 cases, SBRT was used after whole breast radiation therapy (WBRT; 40-50 Gy/20-25 fractions).

Utility of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Establishing Local Control for Patients With Invasive Breast Cancer Not Undergoing Definitive Surgery.

Purpose: Surgery is the backbone of breast cancer (BC) treatment. For patients who cannot undergo surgery, improving local control (LC) of the primary tumor is paramount. To that end, this study explored the role of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).

Estrogen Receptor-negative Ductal Carcinoma (DCIS) of the Breast - an Institutional Review of Outcomes.

Background/aim: Estrogen receptor (ER)-negative [ER(-)] invasive breast cancers (IBCs) are known to be more aggressive than their ER(+) counterparts. This is less well defined for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). This study investigated the outcomes following the treatment of ER(-) DCIS.

Feasibility of 4D HDR brachytherapy source tracking using x-ray tomosynthesis: Monte Carlo investigation.

Purpose: High dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy rapidly delivers dose to targets with steep dose gradients. This treatment method must adhere to prescribed treatment plans with high spatiotemporal accuracy and precision, as failure to do so may degrade clinical outcomes. One approach to achieving this goal is to develop imaging techniques to track HDR sources in vivo in reference to surrounding anatomy.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery vs Conventional Radiotherapy for Localized Vertebral Metastases of the Spine: Phase 3 Results of NRG Oncology/RTOG 0631 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Spine metastasis can be treated with high-dose radiation therapy with advanced delivery technology for long-term tumor and pain control.

Objective: To assess whether patient-reported pain relief was improved with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) as compared with conventional external beam radiotherapy (cEBRT) for patients with 1 to 3 sites of vertebral metastases.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this randomized clinical trial, patients with 1 to 3 vertebral metastases were randomized 2:1 to the SRS or cEBRT groups.

Thyroid volume changes following adjuvant radiation therapy for breast cancer.

Background And Purpose: Incidental thyroid gland irradiation frequently occurs in breast cancer patients who receive regional nodal irradiation (RNI) to the supraclavicular (SCV) region. Recent studies suggest hypothyroidism (HT) is a complication of radiation therapy (RT) that includes SCV fields. We retrospectively analyzed patients who received RNI to evaluate thyroid gland evolution following RT as well as its association with the development of HT.

A comparison of two methodologies for radiotherapy treatment plan optimization and QA for clinical trials.

Background And Purpose: The efficacy of clinical trials and the outcome of patient treatment are dependent on the quality assurance (QA) of radiation therapy (RT) plans. There are two widely utilized approaches that include plan optimization guidance created based on patient-specific anatomy. This study examined these two techniques for dose-volume histogram predictions, RT plan optimizations, and prospective QA processes, namely the knowledge-based planning (KBP) technique and another first principle (FP) technique.

Tumor control and cosmetic outcome of weekly iridium-192 high-dose-rate brachytherapy for nonmelanoma skin cancers in the elderly.

Purpose: Radiotherapy with high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy is used to treat nonmelanoma skin cancers. We retrospectively analyzed a hypofractionated regimen to assess its safety and efficacy in elderly patients ≥70 years.

Methods And Materials: Forty-eight patients with 67 lesions treated since 2016 with catheter-based iridium-192 HDR brachytherapy using a custom mold or three-dimensional-printed applicator met inclusion criteria.

Neuroinflammatory changes of the normal brain tissue in cured mice following combined radiation and anti-PD-1 blockade therapy for glioma.

The efficacy of combining radiation therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitor blockade to treat brain tumors is currently the subject of multiple investigations and holds significant therapeutic promise. However, the long-term effects of this combination therapy on the normal brain tissue are unknown. Here, we examined mice that were intracranially implanted with murine glioma cell line and became long-term survivors after treatment with a combination of 10 Gy cranial irradiation (RT) and anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade (aPD-1).

NTCP model for hypothyroidism after supraclavicular-directed radiation therapy for breast cancer.

Background And Purpose: Hypothyroidism (HT) is a well-known complication of radiation (RT) that includes supraclavicular (SCV) fields. We analyzed breast cancer patients who received SCV-directed RT to evaluate predictors of HT and developed the first normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) model for HT specific to breast cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: 192 breast cancer patients received SCV-directed RT between 2007 and 2019 and met inclusion criteria.

ACTION-EHR: Patient-Centric Blockchain-Based Electronic Health Record Data Management for Cancer Care.

Background: With increased specialization of health care services and high levels of patient mobility, accessing health care services across multiple hospitals or clinics has become very common for diagnosis and treatment, particularly for patients with chronic diseases such as cancer. With informed knowledge of a patient's history, physicians can make prompt clinical decisions for smarter, safer, and more efficient care. However, due to the privacy and high sensitivity of electronic health records (EHR), most EHR data sharing still happens through fax or mail due to the lack of systematic infrastructure support for secure, trustable health data sharing, which can also cause major delays in patient care.

Randomized prospective trial of fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for bevacizumab-resistant high-grade glioma.

Purpose: Outcomes for patients with recurrent high-grade glioma (HGG) progressing on bevacizumab (BEV) are dismal. Fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (FSRS) has been shown to be feasible and safe when delivered in this setting, but prospective evidence is lacking. This single-institution randomized trial compared FSRS plus BEV-based chemotherapy versus BEV-based chemotherapy alone for BEV-resistant recurrent malignant glioma.

Repolarized macrophages, induced by intermediate stereotactic dose radiotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade, contribute to long-term survival in glioma-bearing mice.

Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a deadly brain tumor with a short expected median survival, despite current standard-of-care treatment. We explored the combination of intermediate stereotactic dose radiation therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy as a novel treatment strategy for GBM.

Methods: Glioma xenograft-bearing mice were exposed to high dose brain-directed radiation (10 Gy single exposure) as well as mouse anti-PD-1 antibody.

Single institution experience treating adrenal metastases with stereotactic body radiation therapy.

Objective: The objective of the study is to present our experience of treating adrenal metastases using stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with adrenal metastases treated using SBRT from 2001 to 2014. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.

Usefulness of EZFluence software for radiotherapy planning of breast cancer treatment.

This study compared the EZFluence planning technique for irradiation of the breast with commonly used Field-in-Field (FiF) technique by analyzing the dose uniformity, the dose to the lung, heart, and other organs at risk, the total Monitor Unit (MU), and the time spent for planning. Two different 3-dimensional conformal dose plans were created for 20 breast cancer patients. Six patients were treated to a dose of 5000 cGy in 25 fractions and 14 were treated to a dose of 4256 cGy in 16 fractions.