Alterations in 3D Chromatin Spatial Organisation in Tumourigenesis and Therapy Resistance of Glioblastoma: The Recent Advances in Understanding Molecular Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Therapeutic Perspectives.

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains one of the most aggressive and lethal forms of brain cancer, characterised by profound genetic, epigenetic, and phenotypic heterogeneity. Recent advancements in high-resolution genome mapping have unveiled the critical role of three-dimensional (3D) chromatin architecture-encompassing chromatin loops, topologically associating domains, and enhancer-promoter interactions-in driving GBM tumourigenesis and therapy resistance. This review summarises recent insights into the mechanistic contribution of 3D genome reorganisation in sustaining oncogenic transcriptional programs, promoting intratumoural heterogeneity, and facilitating adaptive resistance.

Aptamer biosensors in early breast cancer detection.

Breast cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women, necessitates the development of sensitive and specific diagnostic tools for early detection and personalized treatment. An aptamer-based biosensor (aptasensor) is a biosensor that utilizes aptamers as its biorecognition element such as single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules that are specifically selected to bind to a target molecule with high affinity. Aptasensors have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional methods, offering advantages such as high affinity, specificity, and ease of synthesis.

TIGIT, as a potential immune checkpoint target for immunotherapy of breast cancer.

Breast cancer ranks among the most critical cancers globally due to its elevated prevalence, with an excess of 2.3 million newly reported cases, and it's devastating toll, resulting in a substantial number of fatalities annually. Its significance stems from its complex origins, which include intersecting genetic mutations like breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein 1/2 (BRCA1/2) that impair DNA repair and heighten hereditary risk, alongside hormonal factors and lifestyle influences.

The emerging role of miR-362 in cancer: expression and function across different cancer types.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression involved in a broad range of biological activities. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted their significant role in the development and progression of various human cancers. Among these, miR-362 has emerged as a context-dependent molecule, exhibiting both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions across different malignancies.

Regulatory T Cells in Colon Cancer: Implications for Pathogenesis, Prognosis and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.

Introduction: Colon cancer is a highly heterogeneous malignancy with significant global incidence and mortality. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in disease progression and treatment response. Among key components of the TME are tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), particularly regulatory T cells (Tregs) and effector T cells, whose balance influences cancer outcomes.