CRISPR/Cas9 in colorectal cancer: Revolutionizing precision oncology through genome editing and targeted therapeutics.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating advanced molecular therapies to improve outcomes. The CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing platform has emerged as a transformative tool in CRC research, enabling precise genomic modifications to suppress tumor progression, enhance chemosensitivity, and modulate oncogenic pathways. This review highlights CRISPR/Cas9 applications in CRC models, including MC38 murine and CaCO-2 cell lines, where targeted gene edits demonstrate tumor-suppressive effects.

Aptamer biosensors in early breast cancer detection.

Breast cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women, necessitates the development of sensitive and specific diagnostic tools for early detection and personalized treatment. An aptamer-based biosensor (aptasensor) is a biosensor that utilizes aptamers as its biorecognition element such as single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules that are specifically selected to bind to a target molecule with high affinity. Aptasensors have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional methods, offering advantages such as high affinity, specificity, and ease of synthesis.

Serum tyrosine associates with increased CSF Aβ42, reduced Aβ deposition, and cognitive improvement in MCI: modulation by confounding factors.

Tyrosine, a precursor to dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, has shown mixed results in cognitive impairment studies, suggesting a complex role in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study is the first to explore its relationship with CSF amyloid-beta (Aβ) 42, Aβ accumulation, and cognitive function in MCI ( = 251). Cognitive function was assessed using ADAS-Cog, serum tyrosine by UPLC-MS/MS, Aβ42 by ELISA, and Aβ accumulation florbetapir PET with SUVr, all validated with quality control.

TIGIT, as a potential immune checkpoint target for immunotherapy of breast cancer.

Breast cancer ranks among the most critical cancers globally due to its elevated prevalence, with an excess of 2.3 million newly reported cases, and it's devastating toll, resulting in a substantial number of fatalities annually. Its significance stems from its complex origins, which include intersecting genetic mutations like breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein 1/2 (BRCA1/2) that impair DNA repair and heighten hereditary risk, alongside hormonal factors and lifestyle influences.

Recent advances in nanoparticles with a PD-L1-based therapy combination of chemotherapy for lung cancer.

Globally, lung cancer (LC) continues to be the primary cause of cancer-related fatalities. The clinical use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) follows significantly behind that of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In advanced NSCLC, combining chemotherapy (CHT) with PD-L1 inhibitors has increased overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival, especially in patients with high PD-L1 expression.

EXPRESS: Liquid Biopsy in Breast Cancer Management: From Circulating Biomarkers to Clinical Breakthroughs.

Breast cancer continues to be a major global health concern, particularly for women, despite improvements in early detection and treatment strategies. Traditional tissue biopsies have long been the foundation of diagnosis and treatment planning; however, they come with limitations-such as being invasive, providing only a single snapshot of a dynamic disease, and often missing the evolving molecular landscape, especially in metastatic cases. In recent years, liquid biopsy has emerged as a powerful, non-invasive tool offering real-time insights into tumor biology.

The emerging role of miR-362 in cancer: expression and function across different cancer types.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression involved in a broad range of biological activities. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted their significant role in the development and progression of various human cancers. Among these, miR-362 has emerged as a context-dependent molecule, exhibiting both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions across different malignancies.

Regulatory T Cells in Colon Cancer: Implications for Pathogenesis, Prognosis and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.

Introduction: Colon cancer is a highly heterogeneous malignancy with significant global incidence and mortality. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in disease progression and treatment response. Among key components of the TME are tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), particularly regulatory T cells (Tregs) and effector T cells, whose balance influences cancer outcomes.