Feasibility of an Interactive, Iterative Zoom-based Anti-racism Course for Academic Neurology Faculty.

While there has been increasing education on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) for medical students and residents, neurology faculty are also in need of formal education on race and racism. The aim was to implement and evaluate the feasibility, efficacy and preliminary impact of an interactive Zoom-based anti-racism curriculum that was repeated in a new academic year to foster learning and discussion amongst neurology faculty. A Justice Equity Diversity and Inclusion Curriculum (JEDI) was delivered to Brown University Neurology faculty during 2021-2022 and again in 2023-2024.

Perspectives on Using Race in Pulmonary Function Testing: A National Survey Fellows and Program Directors.

Background: Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) have historically used race-specific prediction equations. The recent American Thoracic Society guidelines recommend the use of a race-neutral approach in prediction equations. There are limited studies centering the opinions of practicing pulmonologists on the use of race in spirometry.

Use of Framework Matrix and Thematic Coding Methods in Qualitative Analysis for mHealth: NIRUDAK Study Data.

Objective: Framework Matrix Analysis (FMA) and Applied Thematic Analysis (ATA) are qualitative methods that have not been as widely used/cited compared to content analysis or grounded theory. This paper compares methods of FMA with ATA for mobile health (mHealth) research. The same qualitative data were analyzed separately, using each methodology.

Designing a Novel Clinician Decision Support Tool for the Management of Acute Diarrhea in Bangladesh: Formative Qualitative Study.

Background: The availability of mobile clinical decision support (CDS) tools has grown substantially with the increased prevalence of smartphone devices and apps. Although health care providers express interest in integrating mobile health (mHealth) technologies into their clinical settings, concerns have been raised, including perceived disagreements between information provided by mobile CDS tools and standard guidelines. Despite their potential to transform health care delivery, there remains limited literature on the provider's perspective on the clinical utility of mobile CDS tools for improving patient outcomes, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

C.A.R.E.S: A mobile health program for alcohol risk reduction in community college students.

Background: Compared to students at four-year residential colleges, Community College Students (CCS) are at greater risk for binge drinking and alcohol related risks, however few interventions have been developed specifically for the needs of CCS.

Methods And Design: This study design tests the efficacy of a smartphone app (CARES) compared to an existing online alcohol education (AE) program. CCS (n = 250) will be recruited using a nationwide social media campaign and randomly assigned to either arm, stratified by sex and age (over/under 21).

Reduction in HbA1c with Exercise videogames among participants with elevated HbA1c: Secondary analysis of the Wii Heart Fitness trial.

Aims: Physical activity plays an important role in blood glucose management, yet most adults with elevated blood glucose do not engage in regular physical activity. Exercise videogames (EVGs) may be an attractive alternative for persons who have not found standard exercise modalities appealing.

Methods: This sub-study within a larger trial examined the effects of 12 weeks of EVGs versus standard exercise (e.

A text message delivered smoking cessation intervention: Design and rationale of the Text My Quit Study.

Introduction: Smoking cessation interventions delivered through mobile technologies offer promise as an effective intervention tool. However, most existing programs have not been empirically tested, were not developed with end-user participation, and/or do not address evidence-based cognitive and behavioral variables shown to enhance smoking cessation in clinical trials. In addition, many programs tested in research trials have required users to access the internet and/or a smartphone app to access all program features, limiting the potential reach of those programs.

Differences in mobile phone affinity between demographic groups: implications for mobile phone delivered interventions and programs.

Background: The impact of any intervention or program delivered through mobile phones (mHealth) may be influenced by the individual recipient's relationship with his or her mobile phone. However, few studies have assessed the attitudes and preferences of different demographic groups with respect to mobile phone use. This study assessed whether individuals' demographic characteristics [primary demographics (PD): race, ethnicity, gender and age] are influential factors in attitudes and behaviors associated with mobile use pattern, using the Mobile Phone Affinity Scale (MPAS).

Using Relational Agents to Promote Exercise and Sun Protection: Assessment of Participants' Experiences With Two Interventions.

Background: Relational agents (RAs) are electronic computational figures designed to engage participants in the change process. A recent study, Project RAISE, tested the effectiveness of RAs, combined with existing computer-based interventions to increase regular exercise and sun protection behaviors. Results showed these interventions can be effective but need further development.

Butt Why? Exploring factors associated with cigarette scavenging behaviors among adult smokers enrolling in a clinical trial for smoking cessation.

Introduction: Cigarette smoking is associated with many adverse health effects and is an important public health concern. Increased understanding of smokers' behavior is central to developing effective interventions. Cigarette scavenging, a behavior that involves smoking shared or previously used cigarettes has thus far only been shown to be prevalent among homeless or incarcerated populations.

Development and Validation of the Outcome Expectations for Yoga Scale.

Objective: Our objective was to develop an instrument that can measure outcome expectations of yoga and to evaluate the instrument for internal consistency and initial construct validity.

Methods: A 20-item scale was developed to assess physical, mental, and spiritual health benefits related to yoga practice among adults. The scale was tested in a baseline survey with adults participating in a clinical trial.

The effects of yoga among adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the effects of yoga for glycemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Comprehensive electronic databases searches located 2559 unique studies with relevant key terms. Studies were included if they (1) evaluated a yoga intervention to promote T2DM management, (2) used a comparison group, (3) reported an objective measure of glycemic control at post-intervention, and (4) had follow-up length or post-test of at least 8weeks from baseline.

The Mobile Phone Affinity Scale: Enhancement and Refinement.

Background: Existing instruments that assess individuals' relationships with mobile phones tend to focus on negative constructs such as addiction or dependence, and appear to assume that high mobile phone use reflects pathology. Mobile phones can be beneficial for health behavior change, disease management, work productivity, and social connections, so there is a need for an instrument that provides a more balanced assessment of the various aspects of individuals' relationships with mobile phones.

Objective: The purpose of this research was to develop, revise, and validate the Mobile Phone Affinity Scale, a multi-scale instrument designed to assess key factors associated with mobile phone use.

Text Messaging-Based Interventions for Smoking Cessation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Tobacco use is one of the leading preventable global health problems producing nearly 6 million smoking-related deaths per year. Interventions delivered via text messaging (short message service, SMS) may increase access to educational and support services that promote smoking cessation across diverse populations.

Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis is to (1) evaluate the efficacy of text messaging interventions on smoking outcomes, (2) determine the robustness of the evidence, and (3) identify moderators of intervention efficacy.

Development of the Mobile Phone Attachment Scale.

Existing instruments that assess the individual's relationship with technology tend to focus on negative constructs and assume that a high use of technology reflects pathology. Since technology use can be beneficial, there is a need for a more balanced instrument. An initial survey to assess the individual's relationship with their mobile phone was developed, checked for face validity and the resulting survey was administered online to students at local colleges.

Recruitment and initial interest of men in yoga for smoking cessation: QuitStrong, a randomized control pilot study.

Innovative treatments like yoga for men's smoking cessation (SC) are lacking. To examine the feasibility and acceptability of yoga for men's SC. We randomly assigned eligible men (smoker, ≥5 cigarettes/day, age 18-65) to receive cognitive behavioral therapy for SC, plus a yoga or wellness program.

Misreporting in a randomized clinical trial for smoking cessation in adolescents.

Introduction: Misreporting smoking behavior is common among younger smokers participating in clinical trials for smoking cessation. This study focused on the prevalence of and factors associated with adolescent misreporting of smoking behaviors within the context of a randomized clinical trial for smoking cessation.

Methods: Adolescent smokers (N=129) participated in a randomized clinical trial that compared two brief interventions for smoking cessation.

Characteristics of smoking used cigarettes among an incarcerated population.

Little is known about smoking behaviors involving shared and previously used cigarettes, which we refer to as "smoking used cigarettes." Examples include: cigarette sharing with strangers, smoking discarded cigarettes ("butts"), or remaking cigarettes from portions of discarded cigarettes. The current study focuses on the prevalence of and factors associated with smoking used cigarettes prior to incarceration among a U.