Comparison of ultrasound-guided supraclavicular nerve block combined with clavipectoral fascial plane block versus supraclavicular nerve block along with the upper trunk of brachial plexus "The SCUT block" in clavicle surgery: A single-centre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Regional anaesthesia for clavicle surgery focuses on site-specific nerve blocks to minimise the drug volume, prevent unnecessary nerve block, and reduce complications. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and dynamics of selectively blocking supraclavicular (SC) nerves and upper trunk (UT) of the brachial plexus (SCUT block) with clavipectoral fascial plane (CPF) block as a site-specific regional anaesthesia strategy for clavicle surgery.

Methods: In this single-centre, double-blinded, randomised study, 50 patients undergoing clavicle surgeries were given either SCUT block or CPF block with SC nerve block under ultrasound guidance with 20 mL of 0.

The role of heparin in preventing early thrombosis of arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis: An observational Study.

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is preferred for hemodialysis. However, early thrombosis often leads to failure. Hence, this observational study of 200 patients compared AVF outcomes with and without intraoperative heparin use.

Sleep hygiene practices and its impact on sleep quality and mood.

Introduction: Shift in circadian clock of adolescence with delayed bedtime and early awakening to catch morning school effects their sleep. Present study elucidated sleep hygiene practices of school-going adolescents and explored its association with their sleep quality and mood.

Methods: Students of 6 to 12 grade were enrolled after requisite permissions, parental consent, and written informed assent from students.

Biophysical characterization and interaction study of WhiB6 protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with espA.

Tuberculosis is an intractable disease because of the peculiar nature of the virulent properties of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The probable transcriptional regulator WhiB6 protein plays a crucial role in the virulence systems of Mtb. It regulates the expression of genes essential for the virulence pathways by binding to their promoter region; espA (encoding ESX-1 secretion-associated protein EspA) is one such gene.

Therapeutic potential of novel tin metal complex of embelin isolated from Embelia ribes fruits.

Background: Dried Embelia ribes berries can be used to extract Embelin (2,5-Dihydroxy-3-undecylcyclohexa-2,5-diene -1,4-dione), a herbal p-benzoquinone derived from general quinones. This plant shows potential for scientific study that could provide cutting-edge therapeutic compounds. Prior studies have shown that the molecule's transformation into a complex may have increased its bioactivity.

MXene-Mediated Charge Modulation in Plasmonic Metal-Semiconductor Heterojunctions for Photo-Induced Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

The smart integration of nanoparticles with tailored semiconductors, followed by UV illumination prior to Raman measurements, activates photo-induced enhanced Raman spectroscopy (PIERS), enabling ultrasensitive detection. This photo-mediated modulation of charge transfer is a special case of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), where enhancement is tuned via chemical-interaction-induced charge transfer between the analyte and substrate. Herein, photoinduced charge transfer dynamics are explored by tuning the work function of the supporting material embedding plasmonic nanostructures and creating an interfacial light-mediated charge-transfer system.

Multivariate and Machine Learning-Derived Virtual Staining and Biochemical Quantification of Cancer Cells through Raman Hyperspectral Imaging.

Advances in virtual staining and spatial omics have revolutionized our ability to explore cellular architecture and molecular composition with unprecedented detail. Virtual staining techniques, which rely on computational algorithms to map molecular or structural features, have emerged as powerful tools to visualize cellular components without the need for physical dyes, thereby preserving sample integrity. Similarly, spatial omics enable the mapping of biomolecules across tissue or cell surfaces, providing spatially resolved insights into biological processes.

An Unsettling Surge in Multi Drug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae- Insights from a National Reference Centre for Sexually Transmitted Infections in India.

Background: The rapidly evolving drug resistance of N.gonorrhoeae to various drugs used in its treatment, has posed significant challenges, especially in developing countries. A rise in cephalosporin Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) among N.

Clinical profile of restless leg syndrome and its effect on sleep and quality of life.

Background: Restless leg syndrome is a sensorimotor disorder characterized by unpleasant sensations primarily involving lower limb but may involve trunk, neck and upper limb. The present study analyzed the clinical profile of RLS patients and explored its association with sleep and quality of life.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients diagnosed of RLS based on the IRLSSG (International RLS Study Group) diagnostic criteria.

Effectiveness of Yoga on Depression and Anxiety in People with Chronic Primary Pain: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Chronic primary pain is persistent pain that leads to emotional distress, anxiety, and depression. It cannot be explained by any alternative diagnosis and disrupts daily functioning, including sleep and social activities. The present meta-analysis evaluated the impact of yoga on depression and anxiety in people with chronic primary pain; we also evaluated yoga's effect on pain, quality of life, adherence, and adverse effects.

Time Course of Kidney Injury Biomarkers in Children With Septic Shock: Nested Cohort Study Within the Pragmatic Pediatric Trial of Balanced Versus Normal Saline Fluid in Sepsis Trial.

Objective: Severe acute kidney injury (AKI) portends poor outcomes in pediatric sepsis. We evaluated the trajectory and prognostic utility of AKI biomarkers in pediatric septic shock using a subset of participants in the ongoing Pragmatic Pediatric Trial of Balanced vs. Normal Saline Fluid in Sepsis (PRoMPT BOLUS) trial, NCT04102371.

A study on the effect of fibromyalgia severity on sleep quality using inflammatory markers.

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a widespread musculoskeletal pain, often accompanied by fatigue and sleep disturbances. Poor sleep exacerbates inflammation and pain, potentially increasing levels of inflammatory markers. This study explored the effect of FMS severity on CRP levels, sleep quality and pain intensity.

Development and optimization of multiplex PCR for rapid detection of type I-F1 and type I-F2 Cas cluster genes in Acinetobacter baumannii.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), especially the multiplex PCR assay, enables simultaneous detection of multiple genes and is highly effective for diagnostic applications. The CRISPR-associated (Cas) system consists of several genes, and complete gene clusters are essential for its activity; multiplex PCR is an excellent method for detecting these multiple genes. This study focuses on the development and validation of a multiplex PCR protocol for the specific detection of CRISPR-Cas subtypes I-F1 and I-F2 found in A.

Advancing SERS Applications of 2D Materials through the Interplay of Rational Design and Structure-Property Relationships.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a highly sensitive analytical tool for molecular investigations, particularly in biological systems. While metal nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely explored for SERS, their performance depends on size, shape, and crystal structure. However, their Raman scattering efficiency is low, limiting applications.

Reworking the treatment of Indian Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: A two-step therapy.

In the current scenario, treatment of Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is intravenous liposomal amphotericin B or oral miltefosine. Over the years, there has been a gradual decline in the efficacy of miltefosine and a rise in permanent loss of vision. Moreover, in non-endemic states of India, miltefosine is not freely available.

Nucleotide-resolution Mapping of RNA N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) modifications and comprehensive analysis of global polyadenylation events in mRNA 3' end processing in malaria pathogen .

is an obligate human parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa and is the causative agent of the most lethal form of human malaria. Although N6-methyladenosine modification is thought to be one of the major post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms for stage-specific gene expression in apicomplexan parasites, the precise base position of m6A in mRNAs or noncoding RNAs in these parasites remains unknown. Here, we report global nucleotide-resolution mapping of m6A residues in using DART-seq technology, which quantitatively displayed a stage-specific, dynamic distribution pattern with enrichment near mRNA 3' ends.

Assessment of High-Resolution Melting Curve Analysis for spp. Detection in Different Clinical Manifestations of Leishmaniasis in India.

The accurate diagnosis and identification of species are crucial for the therapeutic selection and effective treatment of leishmaniasis. This study aims to develop and evaluate the use of high-resolution melting curve analysis (HRM)-PCR for species identification causing visceral leishmaniasis (VL), post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the Indian subcontinent. Two multi-copy targets (ITS-1 and 7SL-RNA genes) were selected, and an HRM-PCR assay was established using , , and standard strain DNA.

Assessment of Upper Limb Nerves in Coronary Artery Disease Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft.

Background Many patients experience pain in their upper limbs following surgical procedures involving median sternotomy, particularly those undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This type of pain, commonly reported by CABG patients, is often overlooked in hospital settings. Our study aims to address this issue by utilizing electrodiagnostic studies to understand this postoperative discomfort better.

Impact of reflection writing on the learning ability of Indian medical students.

Reflective writing develops meta-cognition among students. Therefore, it is of interest to compare effectiveness of post lecture reflective writing to didactic lecture between individual and group reflective writing. Hence, we included 124 first-year students from AIIMS Bhopal, India and divided them in two groups of 62 students.

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and emergence of XBB.1.16 variant in Rajasthan.

Purpose: Genomic surveillance of positive SARS-CoV-2 samples is important to monitor the genetic changes occurring in virus, this was enhanced after the WHO designation of XBB.1.16 as a variant under monitoring in March 2023.

Application of LAMP assay for detection of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii complex in ICU admitted sepsis patients: A rapid and cost-effective diagnostic tool.

Carbapenem-resistant significant members of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii (CR-SM-ACB) complex have emerged as an important cause of sepsis, especially in ICUs. This study demonstrates the application of loop-mediated-isothermal-amplification (LAMP) assay for detection of CR-SM-ACB-complex from patients with sepsis. Whole-blood and culture-broths(CB) collected from patients with culture-positive sepsis were subjected to LAMP and compared with PCR, and RealAmp.

Exploring the evolutionary and pathogenic role of Acinetobacter baumannii biofilm-associated protein (Bap) through in silico structural modeling.

Acinetobacter species encode for extracellularly secreted Biofilm-associated protein (Bap), a multi-domain protein with variable molecular weights reaching several hundred kilodaltons. Bap is crucial for the development of multi-dimensional structures of mature biofilms. In our investigation, we analyzed 7338 sequences of A.