Comparative Nutritional and Healthy Values of Macro- and Microelements in Edible and Non-Edible Tissues of Raw and Processed Common Octopus ().

The macroelement (Na, Mg, P, S, K, and Ca) and microelement (Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sn, Ba, and Pb) composition of edible (arm and mantle) and non-edible (viscera) tissues of octopus () was studied. Three different size groups were considered separately (1-2, 2-3, and 3-4 kg per specimen). Additionally, the effect of cooking processing (40 min at 90 °C) and frozen storage (4 months at -18 °C) was determined.

A Comparative Study of the Fatty Acid Profile of Non-Edible and Edible Tissues of Raw and Processed Common Octopus ().

A comparative study of the fatty acid (FA) composition of non-edible (viscera) and edible (mantle and arm) tissues of octopus () was carried out. According to the specimen size, three different groups (1-2 kg, 2-3 kg, and 3-4 kg, respectively) were taken into account. The effect of the cooking process (40 min at 90 °C) and frozen storage (4 months at -18 °C) was analyzed.

Naturally and Anthropogenically Induced Dinoflagellate Red Tides in the Galician Rias (NW Iberian Peninsula).

Despite the fact that the first red tide reported on the coasts of the Iberian Peninsula was due to , knowledge about their frequency and, particularly, about the environmental conditions contributing to bloom initiation is still scarce. For this reason, bloom episodes were observed and studied in three Galician rias during the summer season based on the 1993-2008 record database period; additionally, samples were collected in summer 2008. Proliferations of occurred in the rias of Ares and Barqueiro in June and August, respectively, while in the Ria of Coruña, they persisted from the end of June to early September.

Oceanographical Context of the First Bloom of the Silicoflagellate (Ehrenberg) Recorded to Cause Salmon Mortality in a Galician Ria: Was This Bloom a Rare Event in the Iberian Coast?

Harmful algal blooms are one of the leading causes of mortality in salmon aquaculture, with significant economic consequences. From 15 to 31 October 1996, a bloom of the skeletonized form of (Ehrenberg) F.H.

Effect of Previous Frozen Storage and Coating Medium on the Essential Macroelement and Trace Element Content of Canned Mackerel.

The effect of previous frozen storage (-18 °C for 6 months) and different coating media (aqueous: water and brine; oily: sunflower, refined olive, and extra-virgin olive oils) on the essential macroelement and trace element content of canned Atlantic mackerel () was studied. Previous frozen storage led to an increased ( < 0.05) content of canned samples of (oil-coated samples) and (all coating conditions) and to a decreased ( < 0.

Unprecedented recent regional increase in organic carbon and lithogenic fluxes in high altitude Pyrenean lakes.

We have conducted a monitoring survey and paleolimnological study of a W-E transect of six high altitude lakes (1870-2630 m asl) in the western and central Pyrenees (Spain) to evaluate the regional response to current global change in high altitude Mediterranean mountains. The reconstructed Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and lithogenic (L) fluxes during the last 1200 years show the expected variability as lakes differ in altitude, geological and climate settings, limnological properties and human impact history. However, all show unique patterns after 1850 CE, particularly during the Great Acceleration (after 1950 CE).

Effect of Previous Frozen Storage, Canning Process and Packing Medium on the Fatty Acid Composition of Canned Mackerel.

This study addressed the fatty acid (FA) composition of canned Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus). In it, the effect of prior frozen storage (6 months at −18 °C), different packing media (water, brine, and sunflower, refined and extra virgin olive oils), and canning procedure was investigated. As a result, the canning procedure led to a decrease (p < 0.

The vanishing and the establishment of a new ecosystem on an oceanic island - Anthropogenic impacts with no return ticket.

A multiproxy approach was applied to a sediment core retrieved from the deep crater Lake Funda, located in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean on Flores Island, Azores archipelago (Portugal). The purpose of this study was to determine how this ecosystem responded to natural and anthropogenic forces over the last millennium. We distinguished three main phases in lake evolution using multiproxy reconstructions and documentary sources.

Climate change facilitated the early colonization of the Azores Archipelago during medieval times.

Humans have made such dramatic and permanent changes to Earth's landscapes that much of it is now substantially and irreversibly altered from its preanthropogenic state. Remote islands, until recently isolated from humans, offer insights into how these landscapes evolved in response to human-induced perturbations. However, little is known about when and how remote systems were colonized because archaeological data and historical records are scarce and incomplete.

Nutritional and Healthy Value of Chemical Constituents Obtained from Patagonian Squid () By-Products Captured at Different Seasons.

This study focuses on the extraction of nutritional and healthy constituents of whole by-products resulting from the commercialisation of Patagonian squid (). By-products corresponding to squid individuals captured at different seasons were comparatively analysed for proximate composition, lipid classes content, fatty acid (FA) profile, and macroelement and trace element composition. As a result, moisture, lipid, protein, and ash values were included in the ranges 829.

Macroelements and Trace Elements Content in Brine-Canned Mackerel () Subjected to High-Pressure Processing and Frozen Storage.

This study analysed the effect of prior high-pressure processing (HPP; 200-600 MPa, 2 min), freezing (-30 °C, 48 h), and frozen storage (-18 °C, 6 months) on the macroelement and trace element content in brine-canned mackerel (). Most elements (, , , , , , , , , and ) showed an increased ( < 0.05) presence in mackerel muscle canned after freezing.

A combined approach to establishing the timing and magnitude of anthropogenic nutrient alteration in a mediterranean coastal lake- watershed system.

Human activities have profoundly altered the global nutrient cycle through Land Use and Cover Changes (LUCCs) since the industrial revolution and especially during the Great Acceleration (1950 CE). Yet, the impact of such activities on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems above their ecological baselines are not well known, especially when considering the response of these systems to the intensity of LUCCs on nutrient cycles. Here, we used a multiproxy approach (sedimentological, geochemical and isotopic analyses, historical records, climate data, and satellite images) to evaluate the role that LUCCs have on Nitrogen (N) cycling in a coastal mediterranean watershed system of central Chile over the last two centuries.

Possible impact of environmental policies in the recovery of a Ramsar wetland from trace metal contamination.

The Umia-Grove Intertidal Complex is located within the Ria of Arousa (NW Iberian Peninsula). Out of its significance for wintering shorebirds it has been included in the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance as well as in international protection networks such as the European Natura 2000 and Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas-BirdLife International. In a sediment analysis conducted in the year 1999, the wetland was found to have been contaminated by potentially toxic trace metals, to wit: Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb.

Sources and distribution of yttrium and rare earth elements in surface sediments from Tagus estuary, Portugal.

The distribution and sources of yttrium and rare-earth elements (YREE) in surface sediments were studied on 78 samples collected in the Tagus estuary (SW Portugal, SW Europe). Yttrium and total REE contents ranged from 2.4 to 32mg·kg and 18 to 210mg·kg, respectively, and exhibited significant correlations with sediment grain-size, Al, Fe, Mg and Mn, suggesting a preferential association to fine-grained material (e.

The relative effects of upwelling and river flow on the phytoplankton diversity patterns in the ria of A Coruña (NW Spain).

Phytoplankton species assemblages in estuaries are connected to those in rivers and marine environments by local hydrodynamics leading to a continuous flow of taxa. This study revealed differential effects of upwelling and river flow on phytoplankton communities observed in 2011 along a salinity gradient from a river reservoir connected to the sea through a ria-marine bay system in A Coruña (NW Spain, 43° 16-21' N, 8° 16-22' W). With 130 phytoplankton taxa identified, the assemblages were dominated in general by diatoms, particularly abundant in the bay and in the estuary, but also by chlorophycea and cyanobacteria in the reservoir.

Contributions of trace elements to the sea by small uncontaminated rivers: Effects of a water reservoir and a wastewater treatment plant.

Trace element contributions from small rivers to estuaries is an issue barely addressed in the literature. In this work, freshwater flowing into the Ria of Cedeira (NW Iberian Peninsula) was studied during a hydrological year through the input from three rivers, one considered uncontaminated (the Das-Mestas River), a second affected by urban treated wastewater discharges (the Condomiñas River), and the third containing a water reservoir for urban supply (the Forcadas River). With the objective of assessing the possible influence of human pressure, the annual yields for selected trace elements (Al, Fe, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni and Pb) were estimated and compared by normalizing by basin surface.

Basin-scale contributions of Cr, Ni and Co from Ortegal Complex to the surrounding coastal environment (SW Europe).

The enrichment of Cr and Ni in the coastal zones is usually associated with anthropogenic sources such as the tanning, galvanization, ceramic, and cement industries. However, geological complexes of specific lithologic composition located near shorelines may act as natural sources of metals to the continental shelf. Cape Ortegal (SW Europe) is an ultramafic complex that has Cr, Ni and Co enriched in rocks due to the minerals chromite, chromospinel, gersdorfite and pentlandite.

Land-ocean contributions of arsenic through a river-estuary-ria system (SW Europe) under the influence of arsenopyrite deposits in the fluvial basin.

Water was sampled monthly from September 2005 to August 2006 at 14 stations distributed throughout the coastal system of Anllóns-Laxe, from where 30 surface sediment samples were also taken. After filtration through 0.22 μm polycarbonate filters, dissolved inorganic and total arsenic (UV oxidation) concentration was determined by HG-AFS.

Effect of tidal flooding on metal distribution in pore waters of marsh sediments and its transport to water column (Tagus estuary, Portugal).

Sediment cores and flooding water were collected at 0, 5, 10 and 50 min of tidal inundation in two sites of the Rosário salt marsh located in the proximity of a heavy industrialised zone of Tagus estuary colonised by pure stands of Spartina maritima (low marsh) and Sarcocornia fruticosa (high marsh). The cores were sliced in 5 cm layers and sediment solids, pore water, and belowground biomass were separated in order to measure Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd. The pore waters and sediments colonised by S.

Thorium accumulation in the sedimentary environment of the Vigo Ria (NW Iberian Peninsula).

Thorium levels and their association with Fe, Sc, Ca, and Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) were researched in sediments of the Vigo Ria in order to assess the influence of radioactive gneisses from the neighbouring continental Galiñeiro Complex. Sediment of 50 surface samples and 1 core was analysed by ICP-MS and the results were validated with certificate reference material from marine sediment. It was found that Th accumulates in the middle Ria zone (9-15 mg kg(-1)) as a result of the terrestrial source.