A New Simulation Model to Estimate the Long-term Health and Cost Outcomes of Interventions for People With Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: To develop a U.S.-based microsimulation model for assessing the cost-effectiveness of interventions to manage type 1 diabetes.

Real-world use, effectiveness, and safety of second-line lurbinectedin monotherapy in small cell lung cancer.

Aim: Assess real-world outcomes of lurbinectedin and other second-line treatments (OST) in adults with small cell lung cancer that progressed on/after chemotherapy.

Patients & Methods: US-based electronic medical data from Flatiron Health (01/01/2013-03/31/2022) were used. Baseline characteristics, including chemotherapy-free interval (CTFI), in patients receiving lurbinectedin or OST were balanced using propensity score (PS) overlap weighting.

Trends in CVD Risk Factors for Youth with Incident Diabetes: SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth.

Objectives: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability among persons with diabetes. Early intervention on cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) is important in reducing CVD burden. The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study assessed CRFs in incident cohorts of youth aged <20 years established from 2002 to 2016.

Antibody function predicts viral control in newborn monkeys immunised with an influenza virus HA stem nanoparticle.

The lack of an approved influenza vaccine for infants <6 months, coupled with the requirement for annual updates of current vaccines, warrants the development of a universal vaccine that can confer protection in young infants. Here we test the ability of a ferritin nanoparticle universal influenza vaccine (H1ssF) containing the stem region of hemagglutinin (HA) adjuvanted with AddaVax to elicit responses in newborn African green monkeys (AGM). Vaccinated newborns show robust HA stem-specific IgG responses but, despite the high antibody levels, viral load in the lung following H1N1 Ca09 challenge is variable among animals.

Genomic Signature for Initial Brain Metastasis Velocity (iBMV) in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients: The Elusive Biomarker to Predict the Development of Brain Metastases?

: No prior studies have attempted to identify a biomarker for initial brain metastasis velocity (iBMV), with limited studies attempting to correlate genomic data with the development of brain metastases. : Patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS) were identified in our departmental database. iBMV was calculated by dividing the number of BMs by the interval of time between primary cancer and BM diagnosis.

Partnering With Schools for Community-Based Health Interventions: How Educating Children Improves Hypertension Awareness.

Background: More than 16,000 Virginians die of cardiovascular disease each year, with increased morbidity among Black and low-income adults. Hypertension (HTN) is the most modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factor. A community-based health intervention administered in partnership with schools may increase HTN awareness and reduce the development of unhealthy practices.

Toxicity and Oncologic Outcomes of Proton Radiotherapy for Oropharyngeal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is associated with acute and late toxicities that impact patient quality of life. Proton radiotherapy (PRT) can reduce exposure to surrounding tissues, but the clinical magnitude of this advantage is unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Predicting Extranodal Extension with Preoperative Contrast-enhanced CT in Patients with Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Purpose To develop a practical, easily implementable risk stratification model based on preoperative contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) nodal features to predict the probability of pathologic extranodal extension (pENE) in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). Materials and Methods Preoperative CECT studies in consecutive patients with OPSCC who underwent surgical resection between October 2012 and October 2020 were examined by four neuroradiologists, blinded to the pathologic outcome, for imaging features of pENE. The pathology report was queried for the presence of pENE.

Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a physical activity intervention in adults with lymphoma undergoing treatment.

Background: To determine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a 6-month tailored non-linear progressive physical activity intervention (PAI) for lymphoma patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with lymphoma (non-Hodgkin (NHL) or Hodgkin (HL)) were randomized into the PAI or healthy living intervention (HLI) control (2:1). Feasibility was assessed by examining accrual, adherence, and retention rates.

United States Pooled Cohort Cardiovascular Disease Risk Scores in Adults With Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: There is significant heterogeneity in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop risk scores for total CVD and its components from a contemporary pooled, observational cohort of U.S.

Radiologist Involvement in Radiation Oncology Peer Review: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Radiotherapy (RT) plan quality is an established predictive factor associated with cancer recurrence and survival outcomes. The addition of radiologists to the peer review (PR) process may increase RT plan quality.

Objective: To determine the rate of changes to the RT plan with and without radiology involvement in PR of radiation targets.

High-dimensional Immune Profiles and Machine Learning May Predict Acute Myeloid Leukemia Relapse Early following Transplant.

Identification of early immune signatures associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relapse following hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is critical for patient outcomes. We analyzed PBMCs from 58 patients with AML undergoing HSCT, focusing on T cell subsets and functional profiles. High-dimensional flow cytometry coupled with Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection dimensionality reduction and PhenoGraph clustering revealed distinct changes in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations in 16 patients who relapsed within 1 y of HSCT.

Genomic signature for oligometastatic disease in non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases.

Purpose/objectives: Biomarkers for extracranial oligometastatic disease remain elusive and few studies have attempted to correlate genomic data to the presence of true oligometastatic disease.

Methods: Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and brain metastases were identified in our departmental database. Electronic medical records were used to identify patients for whom liquid biopsy-based comprehensive genomic profiling (Guardant Health) was available.

Targeting NTRK1 Enhances Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Efficacy in NTRK1 Wild-Type Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has drastically changed in recent years owing to the robust anticancer effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). However, only 20% of the patients with NSCLC benefit from ICIs, highlighting the need to uncover the mechanisms mediating resistance. By analyzing the overall survival (OS) and mutational profiles of 424 patients with NSCLC who received ICI treatments between 2015 and 2021, we determined that patients carrying a loss-of-function mutation in neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor 1 (NTRK1) had a prolonged OS when compared with patients with wild-type NTRK1.

The impact of initial tumor bulk in DLBCL treated with DA-EPOCH-R R-CHOP: a secondary analysis of alliance/CALGB 50303.

The ideal treatment paradigm for bulky diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains uncertain. We investigated the impact of tumor bulk in patients treated with systemic therapy alone through Alliance/CALGB 50303. Data from this trial were obtained from the National Cancer Institute's NCTN/NCORP Data Archive.

Association of poverty-income ratio with cardiovascular disease and mortality in cancer survivors in the United States.

Background: Lower income is associated with high incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. CVD is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors. However, there is limited research on the association between income, CVD, and mortality in this population.

The relationship between body composition and left ventricular performance in women with breast, lymphoma, or sarcoma cancer.

Background: To understand how body composition in those with elevated body mass index impacts left ventricular function decline during cancer treatment, we determined the association between baseline body mass index (BMI), intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with baseline to 3-month left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) change among women receiving potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy for breast cancer, lymphoma, or sarcoma.

Methods: Women underwent potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy, such as doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, paclitaxel, and trastuzumab, for treatment of breast cancer, lymphoma, or sarcoma. We obtained magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of body composition and cardiac function prior to treatment, and then a repeat MRI for cardiac function assessment at three months into treatment.