Comparison of dexmedetomidine versus fentanyl-based total intravenous anesthesia technique on the requirement of propofol, brain relaxation, intracranial pressure, neuronal injury, and hemodynamic parameters in patients with acute traumatic subdural hematoma undergoing emergency craniotomy: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Propofol is one of the most used intravenous anesthetic agents in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients undergoing emergency neurosurgical procedures. Despite being efficacious, its administration is associated with dose-related adverse effects. The use of adjuvants along with propofol aids in limiting its consumption, thereby mitigating the side effects related to propofol usage.

Target-controlled infusion - Past, present, and future.

Target-controlled infusion (TCI) is a novel drug delivery system wherein a microprocessor calculates the rate of drug to be infused based upon the target plasma or effect site concentration set by the operator. It has found its place in the operation theaters and intensive care units (ICUs) for safe administration of intravenous anesthesia and analgosedation using drugs like propofol, dexmedetomidine, opioids, and so on. Operating a TCI device requires the user to have a primitive understanding of drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and an awareness of the practical problems that can arise during its administration.

Cerebral Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: A Viable Tool in an Anesthesiologist's Armamentarium for Pediatric Head and Neck Surgeries.

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive monitor used regularly in pediatric cardiac surgeries to monitor regional cerebral oxygenation (rScO2). A significant intraoperative cerebral desaturation (>20% from baseline) has been reported with poor neurological outcomes. We describe a case of a six-year-old child with carotid sheath neuroblastoma, located at the carotid bifurcation posted for tumor excision.

Comparison of Prophylactic Infusion of Phenylephrine Versus Norepinephrine for the Prevention of Post Spinal Hypotension in Parturients Undergoing Elective Caesarean Section-a Randomized, Double-Blinded, Non-Inferiority Trial.

Objective: Postspinal hypotension occurs in nearly 50% of women undergoing cesarean section (CS). Although phenylephrine (PE) is currently the vasopressor of choice, severe maternal bradycardia may adversely affect the fetal status due to the reduction in the maternal cardiac output. Norepinephrine (NE) is not associated with bradycardia and is now being evaluated for the treatment of post-spinal hypotension in obstetric patients.