The role of gut and vaginal microbiomes in reproductive health: Implications for PCOS, endometriosis, pre-eclampsia, and beyond.

The interplay between the gut microbiome and reproductive health has gained increasing attention in recent years. Emerging research suggests that imbalances in the gut microbiome may impact reproductive function through various mechanisms. This review explores the link between gut and vaginal microbiomes and reproductive dysfunctions in women, focusing on conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM), preterm birth, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Acceptability of artificial intelligence in dental radiology among patients in India: are we ready for this revolution?

Objective: In recent times, artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained popularity in medical as well as dental radiology. Studies have been conducted among medical and dental students and professionals about the knowledge and understanding towards AI. The aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions and acceptability of AI in dental radiology among a group of Indian patients seeking dental treatment.

A Rapid, Sensitive and Type-Specific Detection of High-Risk HPV-16 and HPV-18.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, particularly infection with HPVs 16 and 18, is a major cause of cervical cancer. The current high-risk HPV screening or diagnosis tests use cytological or molecular techniques that are primarily based on qualitative HPV DNA detection. Comparative studies, however, revealed that different assays have varying sensitivities for detecting specific HPV types.

Hyperthermophilic Clostridium sp. N-4 produced a glycoprotein biosurfactant that enhanced recovery of residual oil at 96 °C in lab studies.

Biosurfactant producing hypethermophilic microorganisms are essentially required for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR) from high temperature oil reservoirs (above 90 °C). In the present study, biosurfactant producing Clostridium sp. N-4, optimally growing at 96 °C was isolated from a high temperature oil reservoir.

Oral Health Behavior and Treatment Needs among Drug Addicts and Controls in Amritsar District: A Case-controlled Study.

Background: Substance and drug abuse is associated with severe psychosocial problems, violence and health complications.

Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the oral hygiene status and sugar eating patterns among drug addicts with their age, gender and socio-economic status matched controls.

Settings And Design: The present study comprised of two groups-Group A comprised of 100 drug addicts and Group B included 100 controls.

A randomised controlled trial comparing the efficacy of micellised and fat-soluble vitamin D3 supplementation in healthy adults.

Nanoemulsion formulation of vitamin D3 have been shown to have better bioavailability than the coarse emulsion preparation in vitro and in vivo animal studies. In the absence of randomised trial in humans, comparing the efficacy of nanotechnology-based miscellised vitamin D3 over conventional vitamin D3, we undertook this study. A total of 180 healthy adults were randomised to receive either micellised (DePura, group A) or conventional vitamin D3 (Calcirol, group B) at a monthly dose of 60 000 IU (1500μg) for 6 months.

Recurrent intestinal obstruction in a patient of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is a rare hamartomatous polyposis syndrome characterized by the presence of intestinal polyps and mucocutaneous melanotic pigmentations. It is associated with various gastrointestinal and extraintestinal malignancies. This case report deals with the clinical presentation, investigations, operative findings, and outcome of a patient harboring this disease.

Impact of three different daily doses of vitamin D3 supplementation in healthy schoolchildren and adolescents from North India: a single-blind prospective randomised clinical trial.

In India, there is a lack of information about the adequate daily dose of vitamin D3 supplementation in school children. Hence, we undertook this study to evaluate the adequacy and efficacy of different doses of vitamin D3 in schoolchildren. A total of 1008 vitamin D-deficient (VDD) children, aged 6-16 years with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels <50nmol/l, were cluster randomised into three groups (A-344, B-341 and C-232) for supplementation (600, 1000 and 2000 IU daily) of vitamin D3 under supervision for 6 months.

Association of insulin-like growth factor-1 and IGF binding protein-3 with 25-hydroxy vitamin D in pre-pubertal and adolescent Indian girls.

Background: There is a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in India. Molecular mechanisms suggest a strong relationship between vitamin D and growth factors. However, there is a paucity of literature with regard to a relationship between insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and vitamin D particularly in subjects with VDD.

Assessment of insulin like growth factor-1 and IGF binding protein-3 in healthy Indian girls from Delhi and their correlation with age, pubertal status, obesity and thyroid hormonal status.

Background: Population specific data and influence of sub-clinical hypothyroidism on insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in Indian children is lacking. This study was undertaken to evaluate serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 and their correlation with age, gender, pubertal status and thyroid functions.

Methods: A total of 840 apparently healthy school girls aged 6-18 years, were recruited for the study and underwent assessment of height, weight, body mass index, pubertal status and serum T3, T4, TSH, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio.

Metagenome changes in the biogas producing community during anaerobic digestion of rice straw.

The present investigation was undertaken to study the microbial community succession in a sour and healthy digester. Ion torrent next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based metagenomic approach indicated abundance of hydrolytic bacteria and exclusion of methanogens and syntrophic bacteria in sour digester. Functional gene analysis revealed higher abundance of enzymes involved in acidogenesis and lower abundance of enzymes associated with methanogenesis like Methyl coenzyme M-reductase, F420 dependent reductase and Formylmethanofuran dehydrogenase in sour digester.

Draft Genome Sequence of Halostagnicola sp. A56, an Extremely Halophilic Archaeon Isolated from the Andaman Islands.

The first draft genome of Halostagnicola sp. A56, isolated from the Andaman Islands is reported here. The A56 genome comprises 3,178,490 bp in 26 contigs with a G+C content of 60.

Deciphering Community Structure of Methanotrophs Dwelling in Rice Rhizospheres of an Indian Rice Field Using Cultivation and Cultivation-Independent Approaches.

Methanotrophs play a crucial role in filtering out methane from habitats, such as flooded rice fields. India has the largest area under rice cultivation in the world; however, to the best of our knowledge, methanotrophs have not been isolated and characterized from Indian rice fields. A cultivation strategy composing of a modified medium, longer incubation time, and serial dilutions in microtiter plates was used to cultivate methanotrophs from a rice rhizosphere sample from a flooded rice field in Western India.

Genome Characteristics of a Novel Type I Methanotroph (Sn10-6) Isolated from a Flooded Indian Rice Field.

Flooded rice fields are important sources of atmospheric methane. Aerobic methanotrophs living in the vicinity of rice roots oxidize methane and act as environmental filters. Here, we present genome characteristics of a gammaproteobacterial methanotroph, isolate Sn10-6, which was isolated from a rice rhizosphere of a flooded field in India.

Draft genome of Elstera litoralis, a freshwater epilithic biofilm associated bacterium from littoral zone of Lake Constance.

Elstera litoralis, is a Rhodospirillaceae member which was isolated from the littoral zone of Lake Constance from a stone biofilm using diatom extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) as C source. We present here the draft genome of E. litoralis which has a genome size of 3.

Draft genome sequence of Clostridium sulfidigenes 113A isolated from sub-seafloor sediments associated with methane hydrate deposits.

Clostridium sulfidigenes 113A is a strictly anaerobic, rod shaped, gram positive bacterium isolated from sub-seafloor sediments associated with methane hydrates. Here, we report the first draft genome of C. sulfidigenes strain 113A, which comprises 3,717,420 bp in 96 contigs with the G+C content of 30.

Draft genome of Cryobacterium sp. MLB-32, an obligate psychrophile from glacier cryoconite holes of high Arctic.

Obligate psychrophilic, Cryobacterium sp. MLB-32, was isolated from cryoconite holes of high Arctic glaciers. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of the putative novel species of the genus Cryobacterium, providing opportunities for biotechnological and agricultural exploitation of its genome features.

Draft genome sequence of Clostridium celerecrescens 152B isolated from sub-seafloor methane hydrate deposits.

Clostridium celerecrescens 152B is an obligate anaerobic, Gram positive rod shaped bacterium isolated from sub-seafloor methane hydrate sediments of Krishna Godavari basin, India. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of C. celerecrescens 152B, which comprises 5,050,495bp in 92 contigs with the G+C content of 43.

Draft genome sequence of Methanoculleus sp. MH98A, a novel methanogen isolated from sub-seafloor methane hydrate deposits in Krishna Godavari basin.

Members of the genus Methanoculleus are among the most prevalent methanogens in biomethanation processes especially in marine and brackish environments. A methanogen, identified as a novel species of the genus Methanoculleus, was isolated from deep sub-seafloor sediment obtained from the Krishna Godavari Basin off the eastern coast of India. This methanogen is thought to be the supplier of the methane in the submarine methane hydrate deposits.

Draft Genome Sequence of Geobacillus sp. Strain FW23, Isolated from a Formation Water Sample.

The thermophilic Geobacillus sp. strain FW23 was isolated from the Mehsana oil wells in Gujrat, India, during a screening for oil-degrading bacteria. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Geobacillus sp.

Development of a microbial process for the recovery of petroleum oil from depleted reservoirs at 91-96°C.

A consortium of bacteria growing at 91°C and above (optimally at 96°C) was developed for the recovery of crude oil from declining/depleted oil reservoirs having temperature of more than 91°C. PCR-DGGE-Sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragments of NJS-4 consortium revealed the presence of four strains identified as members of the genus Clostridium. The metabolites produced by NJS-4 consortium included volatile fatty acids, organic acids, surfactants, exopolysaccarides and CO2, which reduced viscosity, emulsified crude oil and increased the pressure that facilitated displacement of emulsified oil towards the surface.

Aggressive desmoplastic fibromatosis - a clinicians dilemma case report and review of literature.

Fibromatoses are a heterogeneous group of distinct entities which differ in biological behaviour, but arehistologically very similar. This group of fibrous tumor or tumor like lesions, present considerable difficulties in pathologic diagnosis. Aggressive fibromatosis (AF) of the oral or para-oral structures is a very uncommon finding and its intra-osseous component is even relatively unusual.