Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and Risk of Meningioma in the US.

Importance: There lacks data clarifying the meningioma risk conferred by depot medroxyprogesterone acetate in the US.

Objective: To examine the relative risk of meningioma diagnosis in women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate and other related progestins.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective population-based cohort study used data from TriNetX, a US national database of 68 health care organizations.

Benchmarking surgical approaches to thoracic disc herniation: A retrospective database study.

Background: Thoracic disc herniations are a relatively uncommon form of degenerative disc disease, comprising an estimated 0.1-3 % of all spinal disc herniations. Surgical treatment may utilize an anterior, lateral, or posterior/posterolateral approach, and approach selection is based on a number of factors.

Circulating Tumor DNA in Primary and Secondary Liver Cancers: A Comprehensive Review.

Similar to many other cancer types, liver malignancies pose the common challenges of late detection of primary tumors and recurrences. Liquid biopsies, which assess the presence of circulating tumor DNA, have emerged as a novel, non-invasive clinical tool for diagnostic and surveillance purposes. This review represents an introductory and comprehensive overview of the current circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) literature relevant to primary and secondary liver malignancies.

A Unified Deep-Domain Adaptation Framework: Advancing Feature Separability and Local Alignment.

In transfer learning, domain adaptation is one of the key research areas. For domain adaptation, domain shift is a known problem when the data distribution of the source domain, from which the training data is fetched, and the target domain, from which the test data is fetched, vary significantly. Aligning the source and target domains is a solution, but due to alignment, the intrinsic properties of the data may be altered.

Prevalence of somatic symptom and related disorders at a tertiary neuroimmunology clinic.

Background: The prevalence of somatic symptom and related disorders (SSRDs) in the neuroimmunology clinic is unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of SSRDs in patients referred to a tertiary neuroimmunology clinic.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the presence of SSRDs in patients referred to a tertiary neuroimmunology clinic from 2016 to 2023.

Physical Impairments in People With Gout: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Gout is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis. It is predominantly managed with pharmacological interventions, and physical impairments in people with gout have seldom been studied. We aimed to identify gout-related physical impairments that may be targeted by physical interventions.

Open Reduction in Traumatic Cervical Facet Dislocation Does Not Delay Time to Treatment.

Background Cervical facet dislocation is a serious injury that can result in permanent neurologic damage. Current guidelines recommend immediate closed reduction of cervical dislocations, though the efficacy of this practice remains a debate. This study aims to evaluate whether immediate open reduction and fixation of cervical dislocations offer equal or better outcomes for patients and limit the need for follow-up operations.

Clinical Approach to Genetic Cerebral Arteriopathy in the Adult Patient With Ischemic Stroke.

Genetic arteriopathies leading to stroke in adults constitute a diverse group of cerebrovascular disorders with distinct etiologies, pathophysiologic mechanisms, and clinical presentations. As imaging modalities better delineate subtle changes in cerebral vasculature and access to genetic testing increases, the detection rate for these conditions is expected to rise, particularly among young adults with idiopathic cerebral arteriopathy and stroke. Adults with stroke in the setting of a genetic cerebral arteriopathy often present with few traditional stroke risk factors and, in certain cases, have characteristic clinical features, cerebrovascular imaging findings, and often concurrent systemic vasculopathy, such as aortopathy, which are important to recognize.

CRISPR-Cas inhibits plasmid transfer and immunizes bacteria against antibiotic resistance acquisition in manure.

The horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria is a pressing global issue. The bacterial defense system clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas acts as a barrier to the spread of antibiotic resistance plasmids, and CRISPR-Cas-based antimicrobials can be effective to selectively deplete antibiotic-resistant bacteria. While significant surveillance efforts monitor the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the clinical context, a major, often overlooked aspect of the issue is resistance emergence in agriculture.

The 5-Item Modified Frailty Index as a Predictor of Postoperative Outcomes in Thoracic Metastatic Epidural Spinal Cord Compression.

Background: Patients with thoracic metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) often undergo extensive surgical decompression to avoid functional decline. Though limited in scope, scales including the revised cardiac risk index (RCRI) are used to stratify surgical risk to predict perioperative morbidity. This study uses the 5-item modified frailty index (mFI-5) to predict outcomes following transpedicular decompression/fusion for high-grade MESCC.

A Toxoplasma gondii O-glycosyltransferase that modulates bradyzoite cyst wall rigidity is distinct from host homologues.

Infection with the apicomplexan protozoan Toxoplasma gondii can be life-threatening in immunocompromised hosts. Transmission frequently occurs through the oral ingestion of T. gondii bradyzoite cysts, which transition to tachyzoites, disseminate, and then form cysts containing bradyzoites in the central nervous system, resulting in latent infection.

Exploring the potential of Eu ions doped heavy metal oxide containing germanium borate glasses for high efficiency red emitting solid-state lasers.

Glasses activated with europium show promising potential for use in applications relating to photonics, in particular solid-state laser generation. In the current work, EuO incorporated gemanium borate glasses were developed and explored their potentiality towards lasing active medium by probing physical, structural, optical and lasing properties in detail. The physical and structural features of each glass indicated the presence of non-bridging oxygens (NBOs) and an enhancement in network stability on account of the inclusion of europium ions into the GeO glass network.

Overuse of Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography and Low Utilization of Clinical Prediction Rules in Suspected Pulmonary Embolism Patients at a Regional Australian Hospital.

A pulmonary embolism (PE) is an obstruction in the pulmonary arterial system and may include non-specific signs and symptoms. Clinical prediction rules (CPRs) assess the pretest probability (PTP) of a PE to prevent the overuse of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). CTPA overuse results in patient harm and health system waste.

Predicting opinion using deep learning: From burning to sustainable management of organic waste in Indian State of Punjab.

In winter season, the burning of crop residues for ease of sowing the next crop, along with industrial emissions and vehicular pollution leads to settling of a thick layer of smog in northern part of India. Therefore, to understand the opinion of farmers regarding sustainable management of organic waste, the present study was conducted in Ludhiana district of Indian state of Punjab. An ex post facto research design was used and a total of 800 dairy farmers having significant crop area were selected randomly for the study, grouped equally as small and large dairy farmers.

A unique case of indolent microscopic polyangiitis in an elderly gentleman: a case report and brief review.

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody associated vasculitides has 3 different types: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis and polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis. These vasculitides manifest differently based on which area of small and medium size vessels in our bodies that it affects. In this case report, we discuss a unique case of microscopic polyangiitis diagnosed in a 75-year-old male who was relatively asymptomatic i.

Too Little, Too Late: A Case of a Swift Fatal Culmination of Amiodarone Induced Pulmonary Toxicity in an Adult Male.

Amiodarone is a commonly prescribed antiarrhythmic drug. It can cause a myriad of complications associated with its long-term use, with amiodarone induced pulmonary toxicity being the worst. Amiodarone does this through its destructive properties and its' ability to accumulate if taken for extended periods of time or in high cumulative doses.

CRISPR-Cas inhibits plasmid transfer and immunizes bacteria against antibiotic resistance acquisition in manure.

The horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria is a pressing global issue. The bacterial defense system CRISPR-Cas acts as a barrier to the spread of antibiotic resistance plasmids, and CRISPR-Cas-based antimicrobials can be effective to selectively deplete antibiotic-resistant bacteria. While significant surveillance efforts monitor the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the clinical context, a major, often overlooked aspect of the issue is resistance emergence in agriculture.

Huanglongbing Pandemic: Current Challenges and Emerging Management Strategies.

Huanglongbing (HLB, aka citrus greening), one of the most devastating diseases of citrus, has wreaked havoc on the global citrus industry in recent decades. The culprit behind such a gloomy scenario is the phloem-limited bacteria " Liberibacter asiaticus" (Las), which are transmitted via psyllid. To date, there are no effective long-termcommercialized control measures for HLB, making it increasingly difficult to prevent the disease spread.

Effectiveness of early awake self proning strategy in non-intubated patients with COVID-19 hypoxemia: an open-labelled randomized clinical trial from Jodhpur, India.

Awake self-proning is being used widely as respiratory support in COVID-19 hypoxemia, in resource-limited settings. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of early awake self-proning in preventing mortality and the need for intubation in adults with moderate COVID-19 hypoxemia. In this randomized clinical trial with inten-tion-to-treat analysis, we enrolled eligible adults with COVID-19 hypoxemia (SpO2 <94%), requiring supplemental oxygen via nasal prongs or facemask from a tertiary-care setting in Jodhpur, India between June 15 to December 24, 2020.

Circumferential Scar on Wrist of Children: an Explicit Warning Sign of Rubber Band Syndrome.

"Common habits develop into rare syndromes." This idiom holds true when one such colorful rubber band put on the wrist of a child gets forgotten, burrows through the skin, and presents with a swollen paralyzed hand with a circumferential scar on the wrist. We present two cases of rubber band syndrome (Dhaga syndrome) who presented with painful, swollen, complete claw hand.

Integrated nucleic acid testing system to enable TB diagnosis in peripheral settings.

To facilitate treatment and limit transmission of tuberculosis (TB), new methods are needed to enable rapid and affordable diagnosis of the disease in high-burden low-resource settings. We have developed a prototype integrated nucleic acid testing device to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) in sputum.

Nexus between green finance and climate change mitigation in N-11 and BRICS countries: empirical estimation through difference in differences (DID) approach.

Green finance is inextricably linked to investment risk, particularly in emerging and developing economies (EMDE). This study uses the difference in differences (DID) method to evaluate the mean causal effects of a treatment on an outcome of the determinants of scaling up green financing and climate change mitigation in the N-11 countries from 2005 to 2019. After analyzing with a dummy for the treated countries, it was confirmed that the outcome covariates: rescon (renewable energy sources consumption), population, FDI, CO, inflation, technical corporation grants, domestic credit to the private sector, and research and development are very significant in promoting green financing and climate change mitigation in the study countries.

In-silico characterization and RNA-binding protein based polyclonal antibodies production for detection of citrus tristeza virus.

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is the etiologic agent of the destructive Tristeza disease, a massive impediment for the healthy citrus industry worldwide. Routine indexing of CTV is an essential component for disease surveys and citrus budwood certification for production of disease-free planting material. Therefore, the present study was carried out to develop an efficient serological assay for CTV detection based on the RNA binding protein (CTV-p23), which is translated from a subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) that accumulates at higher levels in CTV-infected plants.