Comparative Assessment of Chemotherapy Followed by Consolidative Radical Cystectomy Versus Chemoradiation for Clinically Node-Positive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder.

Context: Patients with bladder cancer and clinically positive pelvic lymph nodes (cN+) have poor prognosis, and the optimal definitive treatment method remains controversial.

Objective: To compare survival outcomes between chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy (RC) and chemoradiation (CRT) in patients with cN+ bladder cancer.

Methods: We queried the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (2000-2021) database to identify patients with cN+ bladder cancer treated with CRT or chemotherapy and RC.

Cracking the LUTS Code: A Pre-Urodynamic Tool for DU vs. BOO Diagnosis in Female Patients with Non-Neurogenic LUTS.

: Detrusor underactivity (DU) and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) are common causes of voiding dysfunction in women with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). However, differentiating between them remains challenging due to overlapping clinical presentations and a reliance on invasive urodynamic studies (UDS). This study aimed to develop a non-invasive, office-based clinical prediction model to distinguish DU from BOO in women with non-neurogenic LUTS.

Prediction of Glomerular Filtration Rate Following Partial Nephrectomy for Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma with Different Machine Learning Techniques.

: Partial nephrectomy (PN) is the preferred option for treating localized cT1 renal cell carcinoma (RCC), as it preserves renal function in most patients and offers non-inferior oncological outcomes compared to radical nephrectomy. In this study, we aimed to construct a predictive model for estimating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at one year after PN in patients with RCC, using various machine learning techniques. : Retrospective data were collected from two academic centers, covering surgeries performed between 2010 and 2022.

Long-term Oncological Outcomes for Patients with Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Treated with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG): A Comparative Analysis of Adequate Versus Inadequate BCG Treatment.

Background And Objective: Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillation is recommended for intermediate-risk (IR) and high-risk (HiR) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). There are limited comparisons of long-term outcomes between adequate and inadequate BCG.

Methods: We analyzed data from a multicenter European database (2010-2024) for 1558 patients diagnosed with IR- or HiR-NMIBC who underwent BCG treatment and received at least five BCG instillations.

Schistosomiasis in urology. Outline of the problem.

Schistosomiasis very often illness in endemic countries caused by schistosoma haematobium and very rare disease, in Poland caused especially by birds flukes, and in travellers and refugees from endemic countries. It is important for urologist to keep in mind in differential diagnosis also this disease. Symptoms of the disease are primarily due to the body's reaction to the parasite's eggs and dead flukes forms, which cause inflammatory infiltrates.

Outcomes of Focal Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies.

Background And Objective: Focal therapies (FTs) for localized prostate cancer (PCa) are recommended only within prospective registries or clinical trials. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to synthesize data from prospective trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of FTs in patients with clinically localized PCa.

Methods: Systematic searches of the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases identified prospective studies reporting oncological outcomes of FTs in treatment-naïve, clinically localized PCa patients.

Biology of renal cancer tumor thrombus - towards the personalized approach.

Renal cell carcinoma - related thrombus arising within venous system (venous tumor thrombus, VTT) represents a distinct compartment within cancer, situated at the frontline with the continual interaction with host blood cells. Various host immune blood cells may possibly interact with VTT influencing its biology. While many authors have reviewed the current state-of-the-art of the management of VTT, its biology and microenvironment has not been comprehensively reviewed to date.

Oncological Outcomes in Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-naïve High-risk Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review on Current Treatment Strategies and Future Perspectives.

Background And Objective: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the standard treatment in patients harboring high-risk (HR) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, BCG therapy faces frequent adverse events (AEs), limited efficacy, and ongoing shortages, leading to a low completion rate, access challenges, and high recurrence. In consequence, there is a growing interest in exploring alternative treatments, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, chemotherapy combinations, and novel intravesical therapies.

Comparison of extended and standard lymph node dissection in radical cystectomy for urothelial bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Lymph node dissection (LND) is an essential part of radical cystectomy (RC) performed with curative intent for invasive urothelial bladder cancer (UBC). This meta-analysis synthesizes evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing outcomes of extended and standard LND during RC.

Methods: Systematic searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, conducted on November 10, 2024, identified RCTs that compared outcomes of standard (removal of pelvic lymph nodes [LNs]) versus extended LND (removal of pelvic and retroperitoneal LNs) during RC.

Beyond urodynamics: non-invasive approaches to diagnosing detrusor underactivity in men with lower urinary tract symptoms - a systematic review.

Background: To evaluate and synthesize existing evidence on non-invasive methods for diagnosing detrusor underactivity (DU) in men presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), focusing on their feasibility and diagnostic accuracy.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted for original articles reporting on non-invasive diagnostic tests for DU in men with LUTS. Data extraction focuses on study characteristics, diagnostic methods, and accuracy.

Outcomes of BCG vs upfront radical cystectomy for high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Objective: To assess the oncological outcomes of patients with high-risk (HR) and very high-risk (VHR) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) treated with upfront radical cystectomy (RC) vs Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillations from a contemporary European multicentre cohort.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 1491 patients diagnosed with HR- or VHR-NMIBC from a European multicentre database between 2015 and 2024. Patients were included if they received either upfront RC or at least five doses of BCG.

P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 is diversely expressed in the primary tumour and venous thrombus of clear cell renal cancer and correlates with poor overall survival.

Introduction: In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), intravascular extension often results in neoplastic thrombus formation, impacting patient outcomes.

Material And Methods: We assessed P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) expression in the primary tumours and thrombi of 82 ccRCC patients.

Results: Notably, PSGL-1 expression varied between tumour compartments, with higher prevalence in thrombus tumour cells (TC) and primary tumour-associated immune cells (TAIC).

Can We Go beyond Pathology? The Prognostic Role of Risk Scoring Tools for Cancer-Specific Survival of Patients with Bladder Cancer Undergoing Radical Cystectomy.

Radical cystectomy (RC) remains a mainstay surgical treatment for non-metastatic muscle-invasive and BCG-unresponsive bladder cancer. Various perioperative scoring tools assess comorbidity burden, complication risks, and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) risk. We investigated the prognostic value of these scores in patients who underwent RC between 2015 and 2021.

(A)voiding misdiagnosis: prediction of detrusor underactivity vs. bladder outlet obstruction using pre-urodynamic nomogram in male patients with LUTS.

Purpose: Our study aimed to develop a noninvasive model using a combination of the set of clinical data and uroflowmetry (UFL) to differentiate between detrusor underactivity (DU) and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in non-neurogenic male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Methods: Data from 229 men with LUTS, diagnosed with DU or BOO on a pressure-flow study (PFS), were retrospectively analyzed, including medical history, Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms score (CLSS) questionnaire, UFL and PFS. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression were utilized for the prediction analyses.

Assessing the Predictive Accuracy of EORTC, CUETO and EAU Risk Stratification Models for High-Grade Recurrence and Progression after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Therapy in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

The currently available EORTC, CUETO and EAU2021 risk stratifications were originally developed to predict recurrence and progression in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, they have not been validated to differentiate between high-grade (HG) and low-grade (LG) recurrence-free survival (RFS), which are distinct events with specific implications. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of available risk models and identify additional risk factors for HG RFS and PFS among NMIBC patients treated with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG).

Changes in the Urinary Microbiome After Transurethral Resection of Non-muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Insights from a Prospective Observational Study.

Background: This study aimed to characterize the urinary and tumor microbiomes in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) before and after transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT).

Methods: This single-center prospective study included 26 samples from 11 patients with low-grade Ta papillary NMIBC. Urine samples were collected at the index TURBT and at a 1-year follow-up cystoscopy.

Radiation after radical prostatectomy in elderly patients - a SEER database-derived competing-risk survival analysis of propensity score-matched age groups.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate cancer-specific (CSM) and other-cause mortality (OCM) in elderly patients with prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) and postoperative radiotherapy (RT).

Material And Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was searched for clinically non-metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) treated with RT after RP between 2010 and 2015. Patients were stratified according to age groups and underwent propensity score (PS) matching.

Mean platelet volume to lymphocyte ratio as an inflammatory marker associated with high-grade recurrence and progression of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin.

Introduction: To assess the value of a novel inflammatory marker involving the ratio between mean platelet volume and lymphocyte counts (MPVL) in the prediction of high-grade recurrence-free survival (HG RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) treated with adjuvant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective, single tertiary centre study the medical records of 216 consecutive patients with NMIBC, who received BCG between 2010 and 2019, were reviewed. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard regression were used for survival analysis.

Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Cancer After Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer: Survival Outcomes After Radical Nephroureterectomy.

Background: Systemic and local recurrences of urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) significantly impair survival after radical cystectomy (RC), but little is known about the impact of the recurrence of urothelial cancer in the upper urinary tract (UTUC). This report describes survival outcomes and their predictors for patients who underwent RC followed by radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for UTUC.

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was queried to identify patients who underwent RC for UBC and subsequent RNU for UTUC.

Prostate Cancer in Transplant Receivers-A Narrative Review on Oncological Outcomes.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a low tumor mutational burden (TMB) cancer with a poor response to immunotherapy. Nonetheless, immunotherapy can be useful, especially in metastatic castration-resistant PCa (mCRPC). Increased cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) density is correlated with a shorter overall survival (OS), an early biochemical relapse, and a generally poor PCa prognosis.

Oncologic outcomes of patients treated with kidney-sparing surgery or radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial cancer: a population-based study.

Purpose: Although kidney-sparing surgery (KSS) is a nonminor option for low-risk upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (UTUC), its oncological benefits in high-risk UTUC remain unclear when compared to radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). This study aimed to compare the oncological outcomes of RNU and KSS in patients with UTUC.

Methods: We searched the SEER database for patients treated for primary non-metastatic UTUC with either RNU or a kidney-sparing approach (segmental ureterectomy (SU) or local tumor excision (LTE)) between 2004 and 2018.

The Association between Lymph Node Dissection and Survival in Lymph Node-Negative Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Cancer.

The benefit of lymph node dissection (LND) during radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) in lymph node (LN)-negative (cN0/pN0) UTUC remains controversial. We aimed to assess the association between LND and its extent and survival in LN-negative UTUC. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was searched to identify patients with non-metastatic chemotherapy-naïve cN0/pNx or pN0 UTUC who underwent RNU +/- LND between 2004 and 2019.

Cancer-Specific Survival of Patients with Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Population-Based Analysis.

Background And Purpose: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) constitutes a heterogeneous group of tumors with different prognoses. This population-based study aimed to report real-world cancer-specific survival (CSS) of NMIBC and create a prognostic nomogram based on the identified risk factors.

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was searched for patients diagnosed with NMIBC from 2004 to 2015, who underwent transurethral resection of the bladder tumor.

Survival outcomes of patients treated with local therapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer with high prostate-specific antigen concentrations.

Background: Patients with nonmetastatic prostate cancer (nmPCa) and high prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels due to the high likelihood of metastasis pose a clinical dilemma regarding their optimal treatment and long-term outcomes after initial local therapy. We aimed to evaluate the oncologic outcomes of patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT) for nmPCa with high PSA levels.

Methods: We queried the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to identify patients diagnosed with nmPCa who received RP or RT from 2004 through 2015.