A novel diterpene and six new sesquiterpenes from the sea hare .

Aplydactylonin D (1), a diterpene possessing an unprecedented carbon skeleton with a 3-(-tolyl)-7,7a-dihydrocyclopenta[]pyran-6(2)-one core, and six new brominated sesquiterpenes, aplydactylonins E-K (2-7), were isolated from the sea hare . Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by the interpretation of spectroscopic data, quantum chemical calculations, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses. All of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against HepG2, A549 and MCF7 cells.

Silver Nanoparticles-Decorated Porous Silicon Microcavity as a High-Performance SERS Substrate for Ultrasensitive Detection of Trace-Level Molecules.

In this study, we present a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate based on porous silicon microcavities (PSiMCs) decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for ultra-sensitive molecule detection. This substrate utilizes a dual enhancement mechanism: the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of AgNPs and the optical resonance of the PSiMC structure, which together create intense electromagnetic hot spots and prolong photon-molecule interactions. The porous architecture provides a large surface area for uniform nanoparticle distribution and efficient analyte adsorption.

A novel approach for the fabrication of SERS substrates based on 3D urchin-like TiO@Gr-AuNPs architecture.

3D urchin-like titanium dioxide@graphene-gold nanoparticles (UT@Gr-AuNPs) architectures with a core@shell structure of UT@Gr were successfully synthesized on silicon substrates thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique using sodium deoxycholate surfactant (SDC) as a carbon source, followed by depositing AuNPs onto the surface of UT@Gr a cold plasma (CP) process. The as-prepared samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. Thanks to the hot spots created by the AuNPs onto the surface of UT@Gr, the UT@Gr-AuNPs SERS substrates show significantly enhanced SERS sensitivity to detect hazardous pollutants and pesticide residue substances, , rhodamine 6G (R6G) and malathion with a low detection limit (LOD) of about 5.

A Novel Method for Rapid and High-Performance SERS Substrate Fabrication by Combination of Cold Plasma and Laser Treatment.

In this paper, we report a simple yet efficient method for rapid and high-performance SERS substrate fabrication by a combination of cold plasma and laser treatment. Our analysis reveals that cold plasma pre-treatment significantly reduced surface roughness, transforming 200 nm spikes into an almost perfectly uniform surface, while enhancing the substrate's surface energy by lowering the water contact angle from 59° to 0°, all achieved within just 30 s of 0.9-mW plasma treatment, while 15-min green-laser treatment facilitated more uniform deposition of AuNPs across the entire treated area, effectively creating the SERS substrates.

Chemical constituents from the leaves of Sindora siamensis var. maritima and their antimicrobial and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.

Two new glycosides, sindosides A-B (1-2), along with 11 previously identified metabolites (3-13), were isolated from an ethanolic extract of the leaves of Sindora siamensis var. maritima. The structures of the purified phytochemicals were elucidated by interpreting their spectroscopic data (IR, NMR, and HRMS).

Light Enhancement of Green Up-Conversion Emission from Er-Doped Silica Microspheres by Carbon Quantum Dot Coatings.

Combination of high quality cavity such as glass microsphere and emitting nano-particle coating layers can create novel strongly emitting devices. Herein, we demonstrate an erbium-doped silica microsphere coated by dual-emission carbon quantum dots, which have the sizes of 3-5 nm, emitting green up-conversion with narrow line-width green light at wavelength of 537 nm. The dual-emission carbon quantum dots fabricated by hydrothermal process and have luminescent emission wavelengths in the range of 410-550 nm.

Modified Bentall procedure: A 15-year single-center clinical experience.

Objective: Bentall procedure is a standard technique for complete aortic root replacement but a huge challenge is postoperative bleeding. Many modifications have been proposed and the "button technique" is commonly used. With a 15-year experience, this study was to evaluate outcomes of this modified Bentall procedure.

Glycoside constituents from leaves and their anti-inflammatory and acetylcholine protective effects.

Repeated column chromatography resulted in the isolation of two new glycosides, miliusides A-B ( and ), along with six known metabolites (-, and ) from the leaves of Finet and Gagnep. The structures of the purified phytochemicals were elucidated by interpreting their spectroscopic data (NMR, HRMS), as well as comparison with the previous literature. The biological evaluation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effects and anti-inflammatory activity by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.

Fabrication of Silver Nano-Dendrites on Optical Fibre Core by Laser-Induced Method for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Applications.

In this work, we present a novel fabrication method for making the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) probe based on silver (Ag) nano-dendrites which are grown and deposited on the end of multi-mode fibre core by a simple and low-cost laser-induced technique. The morphology of the Ag-nanoparticles (AgNPs) could be controlled by the experimental conditions such as laser power, illumination time, and concentration of the reaction solution. The morphology and chemical composition of SERS fibre probes are characterized by high-resolution scanning electron microscope (HR-SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), respectively.

Detection of Permethrin pesticide using silver nano-dendrites SERS on optical fibre fabricated by laser-assisted photochemical method.

Permethrin, 3-Phenoxybenzyl (1 RS)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)- 2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate, has a wide range of applications like insecticide, insect repellent and prevents mosquito-borne diseases, such as dengue fever and malaria in tropical areas. In this work, we develop a prominent monitoring method for the detection of permethrin pesticide using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) optical fibre substrates. The novel SERS-active optical fibre substrates were grown and deposited silver (Ag) nano-dendrites on the end of multi-mode fibre core by laser-assisted photochemical method.

Dendrodoristerol, a cytotoxic C20 steroid from the Vietnamese nudibranch mollusk .

Using various chromatographic separations, four steroids including one new C steroid namely dendrodoristerol (), were isolated from the Vietnamese nudibranch mollusk . The structure elucidation was confirmed by combination of spectroscopic experiments including 1D and 2D NMR, HR QTOF MS, and CD. Compound was found to exhibit significant cytotoxic activity against six human cancer cell lines as HL-60, KB, LU-1, MCF-7, LNCaP, and HepG2.

Wedtrilosides A and B, two new diterpenoid glycosides from the leaves of Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc. with α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.

In the ongoing research to find new diabetes constituents from the genus Wedelia, the chemical constituent of Wedelia trilobata leaves, a Vietnamese medicinal plant species used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, was selected for detailed investigation. From a methanolic extract, two new ent-kaurane diterpenoids, wedtrilosides A and B (1 and 2), along with five known metabolites (3-7), were isolated from W. trilobata.

New dammarane-type triterpenoid glycosides from .

The chemical composition of King ex Chakrav. was investigated for the first time in this study. Nine dammarane glycosides (‒) were isolated from the EtOH extract of the aerial parts of .

-Amylase and -Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Chemical Constituents from (Osbeck.) Merr. Leaves.

As part of an ongoing search for new natural products from medicinal plants to treat type 2 diabetes, two new compounds, a megastigmane sesquiterpenoid sulfonic acid () and a new cyclohexylethanoid derivative (), and seven related known compounds () were isolated from the leaves of (Osbeck.) Merr. The structures of the compounds were conducted via interpretation of their spectroscopic data (1D and 2D NMR, IR, and MS), and the absolute configurations of compound were determined by the modified Mosher's method.

Determination of low solvent concentration by nano-porous silicon photonic sensors using volatile organic compound method.

A vast majority of the organic solvents used in industry and laboratories are volatile, hazardous and toxic organic compounds, they are considered as a potent problem for human health and a cause of environmental pollution. Although analytical laboratory methods can determine extremely low solvent concentration, the sensing method with low cost and high sensitivity remains a conundrum. This paper presents and compares three methods (volatile organic compound (VOC), liquid drop and saturated vapour pressure) for determination of organic solvents in a liquid environment by using photonic sensor based on nano-porous silicon (pSi) microcavity structures.

ytotoxic Constituents of Mallotus microcarpus.

A new 3-methoxybenzensulfonic acid 4-0-0-D-glucopyranoside (1), and ten known compounds (2-11) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the stems of Mallotus microcarpus. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds was evaluated by the MTT method. 3-Methoxybenzensulfonic acid 4-Ο-β-D- glucopyranoside (1) and methyl salicylate 2-rutinoside (5) showed strong cytotoxicity against EGFR-TKI-resistant human lung cancer A549 cells in comparison with camptothecin.

Characteristics of the Fiber Laser Sensor System Based on Etched-Bragg Grating Sensing Probe for Determination of the Low Nitrate Concentration in Water.

The necessity of environmental protection has stimulated the development of many kinds of methods allowing the determination of different pollutants in the natural environment, including methods for determining nitrate in source water. In this paper, the characteristics of an etched fiber Bragg grating (e-FBG) sensing probe-which integrated in fiber laser structure-are studied by numerical simulation and experiment. The proposed sensor is demonstrated for determination of the low nitrate concentration in a water environment.

Calcium and Vitamin D Deficiency in Vietnamese: Recommendations for an Intervention Strategy.

In recent years, reports have described various roles of vitamin D in human health. Vitamin D deficiency has emerged as a significant public health problem throughout the world. Even in the Vietnamese context, it has been reported to be present in a majority of the population in spite of the wide availability of sunlight.

A New Cytotoxic Gymnomitrane Sesquiterpene from Ganoderma lucidum Fruiting Bodies.

A new gymnomitrane-type sesquiterpenoid, gymnomitrane-3α,5α,9β,15-tetrol (1), was isolated from the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum. Its structure was elucidated using spectroscopic methods. This compound significantly inhibited the growth of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor EGFR-TKI-resistant human lung cancer A549 and human prostate cancer PC3 cell lines.

A new megastigmane sulphoglycoside and polyphenolic constituents from pericarps of Garcinia mangostana.

A megastigmane sulphoglycoside together with three phenolic compounds were isolated from the water-soluble fraction of the pericarps of Garcinia mangostana. The structure of the new compound was determined as 4-O-sulpho-β-d-glucopyranosyl abscisate (1) by spectroscopic data. Proanthocyanidin A2 (2) showed potent α-glucosidase inhibitory and DPPH scavenging activities with IC50 values of 3.

A new anti-inflammatory β-carboline alkaloid from the hairy-root cultures of Eurycoma longifolia.

One new β-carboline alkaloid 7-methoxy-(9H-β-carbolin-1-il)-(E)-1-propenoic acid (1) together with 9-methoxycanthin-6-one (2) and 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one (3) were isolated from the hairy-root cultures of Eurycoma longifolia. The effects of these compounds on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 cells were investigated.

Inhibitors of α-glucosidase and α-amylase from Cyperus rotundus.

Context: A methanol extract of Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae) rhizomes showed inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase, two enzymes involve in carbohydrate digestion.

Objective: Identification of compounds from C.