Outcomes reported in trials of children and adolescent knee injuries : a systematic review.

Aims: To systematically review published evidence of outcomes reported in trials of knee injuries in children and adolescents.

Methods: We searched the following databases from inception to 29 July 2024: OVID MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Clinicaltrials.gov, and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP).

Clinical outcomes of quadrupled hamstring tendon use for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the paediatric population: A systematic review.

Background: This study aimed to perform a systematic review to assess complication rates and clinical outcomes after use of quadrupled hamstring tendon graft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in the paediatric population.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines and registered prospectively. Comparative and non-comparative studies that explicitly used quadrupled hamstring tendon for ACLR in skeletally immature patients were included.

Physeal-sparing ACL reconstruction has equivalent survivorship and functional outcomes as transphyseal reconstruction but does not prevent growth disturbance: a systematic review of clinical and radiological outcomes.

Background: ACL reconstruction in the paediatric population presents unique challenges, owing to the ongoing skeletal growth. This systematic review aimed to compare the functional and radiological outcomes of transphyseal(TP), partial transphyseal(pTP) and physeal-sparing(PS) techniques.

Methods: A systematic search of the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines to identify studies reporting growth disturbances and/or functional outcomes.

Deficits in Upper Limb Long Lever Isometric Force After Shoulder Stabilization Surgery in Australian Rules Footballers.

Background: Early surgical interventions are common for traumatic anterior shoulder instability in contact and collision sport athletes. It is unclear which tests, and which criteria, should be used to guide return to sport after surgery. As such, additional knowledge on postoperative shoulder function is needed to guide this decision making.

A semitendinosus with adjustable button graft construct in patients undergoing hamstring ACL reconstruction results in improved knee flexor strength symmetry and less donor site pain and morbidity: Outcomes from the DOSTAR randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To compare donor site morbidity and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), knee laxity and early strength and functional outcomes, following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using a semitendinosus (ST) tendon autograft with suspensory adjustable button tibial fixation or semitendinosus-gracilis (STG) autograft with tibial screw fixation.

Methods: While 153 patients were prospectively recruited and randomized to an ST or STG autograft, 131 (62 ST and 69 STG) were retained following ACLR and followed post-surgery. Standardized surgical techniques were employed, varying only in graft selection and fixation.

Ream-and-run technique offers equivalent clinical outcomes as anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty but with a high rate of complications: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This review aims to explore if the Ream and Run (RnR) technique is associated with better outcomes and lower complications than the traditional Anatomical Total Shoulder Replacement (aTSA) for osteoarthritis.

Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted using Medline, Embase and Cochrane in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines on March 2, 2024. Only comparative studies of adult patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis (OA) comparing RnR and aTSA were included.

Cephalomedullary Nail Breakages in a Multicenter Insertion vs. Retrieval Database Comparison: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 3,882 Patients.

Background: Cephalomedullary nails are used for internal fixation of proximal femur fractures, pathological fractures, and for revision fixation in the case of failures. Nail breakages are rare, with published figures demonstrating a high variability with a previous benchmark set at less than 1.3%.

Return to preinjury pivoting sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is different between males and females, as are the patient-reported reasons.

Purpose: To investigate return to sport (RTS) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), differences based on sex and concomitant meniscal repair, and identify reasons why patients do not RTS.

Methods: Overall, 232 patients undergoing ACLR, with or without concomitant meniscal repair, that were actively participating in pivoting sports at the time of injury, were prospectively recruited. At 2 years, return to preinjury pivoting sport was investigated and, if they had returned, whether they felt their performance was at (or better) or below preinjury status.

Quantifying radiation exposure in the radiological investigation of non-arthritic hip pain.

Radiological investigations are essential for evaluating underlying structural abnormalities in patients presenting with non-arthritic hip pain. The aim of this study is to quantify the radiation exposure associated with common radiological investigations performed in assessing patients presenting with non-arthritic hip pain. A retrospective review of our institutional imaging database was performed.

Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) modulates quadriceps motor cortex inhibition and facilitation during rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction: a triple-blind, randomised controlled proof of concept trial.

Objectives: Following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), maladaptive changes occur in the motor cortex representation of the quadriceps, evidenced by increases in intracortical inhibition and facilitation. The primary objective of this proof-of-concept study was to determine if anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can alter quadriceps intracortical inhibition and facilitation in an early-ACLR population after 6 weeks of application during exercise.

Methods: We performed a randomised, triple-blind controlled trial for proof of concept comparing anodal-tDCS to sham-tDCS following ACLR.

Isolated Lateral Extra-Articular Tenodesis for Ongoing Instability Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction with an Intact Graft is Effective and Has Low Surgical Morbidity.

The management of persisting instability following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) includes isolated lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LEAT). The present study investigates the outcomes following isolated LEAT to address ongoing instability following ACLR without LEAT. Patients with ongoing symptomatic instability following ACLR with a radiologically intact and well-positioned graft who underwent an isolated LEAT between January 2017 and March 2022 were retrospectively recruited.

Shoulder arthroplasty in the management of native shoulder joint infections has a high complication rate and poor functional outcome - a systematic review.

Background: Shoulder arthroplasty is a treatment option of the sequelae of native shoulder joint infections. However, the functional outcomes and re-infection rates are unknown. The aim of this review was to analyse the outcome of shoulder arthroplasty in patients with native shoulder infections.

Long head of biceps tendon autograft is effective in the management of large to massive rotator cuff tear: a systematic review.

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review is to review the functional, clinical and radiological outcomes of patients undergoing large to massive rotator cuff repair with long head of biceps tendon (LHBT) autograft, as well as compare these to standard arthroscopic cuff repair.

Methods: A review of the online Medline database was conducted on 20 October 2022 according to PRISMA guidelines and registered prospectively on the PROSPERO database. Clinical studies assessing patients with large to massive rotator cuff tears undergoing LHBT autograft repair were included.

Modern multiligament knee injury surgical reconstruction techniques can achieve excellent knee function and patient satisfaction, with low complication rates.

Purpose: To report on the recovery of strength and functional capacity symmetry following multiligament knee surgical reconstruction (MLKR), as well as the capacity of athletes to return to sport.

Methods: This prospective cohort study recruited 47 patients undergoing MLKR between February 2018 and July 2021. Forty patients had full outcome assessment postoperatively at 6, 12 and 24 months and were included in the analysis, 75% were knee dislocation one injuries and 60% were injured playing sport.

The effect of tranexamic acid and epinephrine on visual clarity during arthroscopic shoulder surgery: A meta-analysis of RCTs.

Introduction: Visual clarity in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is essential to reduce the operative time and for efficiency of repair. Tranexamic acid (TXA) in open shoulder surgery has been shown to reduce blood loss but its use in shoulder arthroscopy for rotator cuff repair for improved clarity is not understood. The purpose of this SR is to determine the effect of TXA and epinephrine on visual clarity in shoulder arthroscopy for rotator cuff repair.

Are displaced distal clavicle fractures associated with inferior clinical outcomes following nonoperative management? A systematic review.

Background: Management of displaced distal clavicle fractures remains a topic of discussion because of notoriously high nonunion rates, but there is little documented in the literature as to what effect this may have on patient-reported function. The aim of this systematic review was to look at nonoperative management following displaced distal clavicle fractures to determine union rates, complications, and patient-reported outcome measures.

Methods: A review of the online databases MEDLINE and Embase was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

No clinical advantage with customized individually made implants over conventional off-the-shelf implants in total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can be performed with either conventional off-the-shelf (OTS) or customized individually-made (CIM) implants. The evidence for CIM implants is limited and variable, and the aim of this review was to compare clinical and radiological outcomes between CIM and OTS implants.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Pyrocarbon radial head arthroplasty offers satisfactory clinical and radiological outcomes with low revision rate: A systematic review.

Introduction: Pyrocarbon promises to be an optimal material choice for radial head arthroplasty (RHA) due to an elastic modulus comparable to the radial diaphysis and thus providing higher biocompatibility. Primary objective was to determine the complications and revision rates related to the usage of these prostheses. The secondary objective was to assess the clinical and radiological outcomes of Pyrocarbon RHAs.

Suture Button Fixation in Latarjet Has Similar Load to Failure and Clinical Outcomes but Lower Bone Resorption Compared With Screw Fixation: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To compare the 2 Latarjet fixation techniques-screw fixation (SF) versus suture button (SB) -for clinical, biomechanical, and radiologic outcomes.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analyses guidelines using MEDLINE and Embase databases and was prospectively registered on PROSPERO. Only comparative clinical and biomechanical studies of Latarjet with SF and SB were included.

Functional assessment of component positioning in patients with groin pain after total hip arthroplasty as a tool to guide management.

Background: Persisting groin pain post total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a common and complex issue that can be difficult to diagnose and manage. Acetabular component positioning is often implicated.

Aims And Methods: We used a previously well described and validated functional positioning protocol to determine if functional acetabular malpositioning was a factor in groin pain post THA and hence to determine if acetabular revision would be indicated.

Defining Cephalomedullary Nail Breakage Rates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To establish the background rate of breakage of cephalomedullary nails.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched on April 3, 2023.

Study Selection: All English-language studies that examined trochanteric with or without subtrochanteric fractures and identified cephalomedullary nail breakage as an outcome measure and a breakage rate could be derived were included.